MICRO TEACHING TOPIC

ON
APGAR SCORE
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:
SWETHA MAM: SIDDULA JYOTHSNA:
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR: M.SC (N) FIRST YEAR:
CHILD HEALTH NURSING: CHILD HEALTH NURSING:
V.M.C.O.N. V.M.C.O.N.

PROFORMA FOR THE MICRO TEACHING

TITLE OF THE COURSE : CHILD HEALTH NURSING

UNIT :7

TOPIC : APGAR SCORE

DURATION : 15minutes

DATE & TIME :

PLACE :

STUDENTS/GROUP : M.SC NURSING 1 YEAR STUDENTS

METHOD OF TEACHING : Lecture cum discussion

AV AIDS : Black Board, Charts, Model, flash cards, role

play

LAUNGUAGE : English

PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE OF THE GROUP : The group will have some

knowledge from

their previous academic

year.

OBJECTIVES:
GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

At the end of the class students will be able to gain knowledge regarding New born
care develop positive attitude and acquire new skills practice on new born care.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

The group will be able to

1.  Explain about the follow up care and general observation of newborn.
2. Discuss about immunization and breast feeding.
3. Discuss about warmth, care of skin, eyes and care of cord etc.
4. Understand about care of newborn i.e immediate and routine care.

TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT STU AV AIDS EVALUTION

OBJECTIVE DEN
 T
TEA
CHE
R
ACT
IVIT
Y
1 min ` ?
To introduce INTRODUCTION
the topic Blackboard
Medical professionals use this
assessment to quickly relay the
status of a newborn’s overall
condition. Low Apgar scores may
indicate the baby needs special
care, such as extra help with their OHP
breathing.

In 1952, Dr Virginia Apgar

devised a scoring system that was
a rapid method of assessing the
clinical status of the newborn
infant at 1 minute of age and the
need for prompt intervention to
establish breathing.This scoring
system provided a
2 min standardized assessment for infants
To define the after delivery.
new born care flash cards
The Apgar score is a scoring
system doctors and nurses use to
assess newborns one minute and
five minutes after they’re born. Dr.
Virginia Apgar created the system
in 1952, and used her name as a
mnemonic for each of the five
categories that a person will score.

 A system of assessing the general

physical condition of a newborn
List down infant based on a rating of 0, 1, or
2 for five criteria: heart rate,
respiration, muscle tone, skin
color, and response to stimuli. The
five scores are added together,
with a perfect score being 10.
Medical dictionary
This scoring system is the first test
given to every newborn in the
delivery room after birth. The
Apgar score is a quick evaluation
of a baby's physical condition,
which determines if there is
immediate medical/emergency
care needed. Dr Virginia Apgar
designed the simple acronym
APGAR to evaluate for A-
Appearance, P-Pulse, G-Grimace,
A-Activity, and R- Respiration.
The test is usually given twice:
The first at one minute after birth,
and then again at five minutes
after her/his birth. Sometimes,
concerns about a baby's poor
condition or a low apgar score at 5
minutes merits doing the test again
for the third time, at ten minutes
after birth.
The procedure involves evaluating
five factors regaring your baby's
condition. Each factor gets a score
of 0, 1 or 2. Two (2) is the best
possible score for the following
factors:
Appearance, which refers
to the baby's skin coloration

 0 points: blue, bluish-gray,

or pale all over
 1 point: body pink but
extremities blue
 2 points: pink all over

Pulse, which refers to the

heart rate

 0 points: absent
 1 point: less than 100 beats
per minute
  2 points: greater than 100
beats per minute

Grimace response, which

medically refers to reflex
irritability

 0 points: absent
 1 point: facial
movement/grimace with
stimulation
 2 points: cough or sneeze,
cry and withdrawal of foot
with stimulation

Activity and tone of

muscles

 1 point: limbs flexed

 0 points: limp or floppy
 2 points: active movement
Respiration,
which refers to the rate of
breathing and effort

 0 points: absent
 1 point: irregular, weak
crying
 2 points: good, strong cry0
points: absent
 1 point: irregular, weak
crying
Doctors, nurses or midwives score
each factor and add them together
to get the baby's Apgar score.
Scores, therefore, add up to 10 (the
highest possible), but it may be as
low as 0 (zero), indicating the
baby's worst possible condition.
To understand what a baby's
Apgar score means, use this
simple Apgar score chart:

A slightly low score (especially at

1 minute) is common, especially in
babies born:
after a high-risk
pregnancy through a C-
section
after a complicated
labor and delivery
prematurely

LIMITATIONS
It is important to recognize the
limitations of the Apgar score.
The Apgar score is an expression
of the infant’s physiologic
condition, has a limited time
frame, and includes subjective
components. In addition, the
biochemical Disturbance must be
significant before the score is
affected. Elements of the score
such as tone, color, and reflex
irritability partially depend on the
physiologic maturity of the infant.
The healthy preterm infant with no
evidence of asphyxia may receive
a low score only because of
immaturity.
A number of factors may
influence an Apgar score,
including but not limited to drugs,
trauma, congenital anomalies,
infections, hypoxia, hypovolemia,
and preterm birth
The incidence of low Apgar
scores is inversely related to birth
weight, and a low score is limited
in predicting morbidity or
mortality.
Accordingly, it is inappropriate to
use an Apgar score alone to
establish the diagnosis of
asphyxia.

The Apgar scoring system is

divided into five categories. Each
category receives a score of 0 to 2
points. At most, a child will
receive an overall score of 10.
However, a baby rarely scores a
10 in the first few moments of life.
This is because most babies have
blue hands or feet immediately
after birth.

1.The One-minute Apgar Score

The doctor evaluates the baby one
minute after birth to determine if
she/he needs imminent medical
attention. This constitutes the first
or one-minute Apgar score. A
score of 7 to 10 means that the
baby is fine and does not need
more than the usual care given to
normal babies after delivery.
There is no need to worry if your
baby does not get a perfect score
of 10, since most babies have
bluish hands and feet at birth.
However, if she/he gets a score of
4 to 6, she may need mouth and
nose suctioning some oxygen to
help her/him breathe. A score of 3
or less indicates a need for
resuscitation to save her/his life. A
low 1-minute Apgar score is
common among premature babies
and some babies delivered via
abdominal surgery (caesarean
section), but this does not mean
that your baby will not be fine
eventually.
2. The Five-minute Apgar Score
The doctor evaluates the baby
again after five minutes using the
same scoring system to see how
she/he is progressing. A 5-minute
Apgar score of 7 to 10 is
considered normal. However, if
she/he scores a 6 or less during
this time, she/he may need serious
medical attention and further
evaluation.

conclusion

The Apgar score describes the

condition of the newborn infant
immediately after birth14 and, when
properly applied, is a tool for
standardized assessment. It also
provides a mechanism to record
fetal-to-neonatal transition. An Apgar
score of 0 to 3 at 5 minutes may
correlate with neonatal mortality but
alone does not predict later
neurologic dysfunction. The Apgar
score is affected by gestational age,
maternalplied, is a tool for
standardized assessment. It also
provides a mechanism to record
fetal-to-neonatal transition. An Apgar
score of 0 to 3 at 5 minutes may
correlate with neonatal mortality but
alone does not predict later
neurologic dysfunction. The Apgar
score is affected by gestational age,
maternal medications, resuscitation,
and cardiorespiratory and neurologic
conditions. Low 1- and 5-minute
Apgar scores alone are not conclusive
markers of an acute intrapartum
hypoxic event. Resuscitative
interventions modify the
components of the Apgar score.
There is a need for perinatal health
care professionals to be consistent in
assigning an medications,
resuscitation, and cardiorespiratory
and neurologic conditions. Low 1-
and 5-minute Apgar scores alone are
not conclusive markers of an acute
intrapartum hypoxic event.
Resuscitative interventions modify
the components of the Apgar score.
There is a need for perinatal health
care professionals to be consistent in
assigning an
Indication.