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  • On_the_meaning_of_Jandal_in_Arabia_dans Guillaume Charloux Et Romolo Loreto (Edd.), Dûma 1. 2010 Report of the Saudi-Italian-French Archaeological Project at Dûmat Al-Jandal, Saudi Arabia, Riyadh (SCTA), 2014

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    On_the_meaning_of_Jandal_in_Arabia_dans Guillaume Charloux Et Romolo Loreto (Edd.), Dûma 1. 2010 Report of the Saudi-Italian-French Archaeological Project at Dûmat Al-Jandal, Saudi Arabia, Riyadh (SCTA), 2014

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    On the meaning of «Janda!» in Arabia A On the meaning of “Jandal” in Arabia (Christian Julien Robin (Membre de l'Institut, CNRS/UMR 8167 Scholars generally agree on the translation of the Southern Arabian noun gndl as “fortress ; the only exception is Jacqueline Pirenne, who translates ancient Arabian inscriptions as if the language was classical Arabic. ‘The meaning “fortress” was proposed in 1938 by AFL. Beeston in his trans- lation of the inscription Philby 29', In a note he added: “gndlhn /: Professot Mar- goliouth has suggested comparing this ‘with Hebrew migdal. This view seems very probable, seing that elsewhere (e.g. Philby 52°) this word is replaced in the samme context by mhfd/"*. Beeston confirmed this translation the following year in a sec ond publication dealing with the same inscriptions, giving the same explanation’ With the abbreviation RES 4852 /6 the author of the Répertoire concurs: “gndl, synonym of mbfd, cf. RE.S., 4878, 4, etc. Margoliouth suggests assimilating gal with the Hebrew migdal”. Albert Jamme also agrees with this analysis and translates gndi as “fortress, On the contrary, Jacqueline Pirenne renders gndl as “stony area »*, for the simple reason that Arab dictionnaries give: jandal / jandil, plural jandail, “stone”, in the plural, “Nile Waterfalls”, Epigraphic attestations at Hadhramawt (Yemen) Ta pre-Islamic inscriptions the noun gndl occurs seven times, but this number should not mislead, It always ‘occurs in the same formula, in inscriptions from one site: al"Ugle (the name of a rocky outcrop isolated in the desert), about 15 kilomettes west of Shabwa, the capital of ancient Hadhramawt ‘The numerous inscriptions from al-"Ugla commemorate ceremonies that cannot be identified, apparently celebrated on the accession to the thrane of a new sovereign. Most were found on the sides of a large rock surmounted by a small edifice, at the foot and to the east of the outcrop of al-"Ugla (zone A). Sust one is incised on a large isolated rock, without any sign of a construction, to the west of the outcrop (zone B). ‘Six ofthe seven inscriptions featuring the noun gna (Ja 921 /3 ;923 /3-4; 925 /6;926 / 5-6 ; 928 /6-7 ; 949 12,3) were found in zone A. The gna is systematically called Anwad™ (rewd", hypothetical vocalisation) Asan example, here is Ja 921 = RES 4910 = Pirenne E1 112 Ye mike H 2 drt bm ‘mdr s'y= 1, Beeston 1938:317, 12. Ph 29 and $2 correspond to Ja 928 (= RES 4852) and Je 957 (RES 4878), 3, Beeston 1939: 449. 4, Jamme 1963: 39 (concerning Ja 921 = RES 4910/3) 5. Pirenne 1990: 97. a7 BEE

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