Principles of city planning

1. Urban area is primarily the seat of political, religious, commercial and cultural
leaders of the society.
2. Village- Human settlement not exceeding 5000 population.
Principle occupation is agriculture
3. Towns- principles occupation is other than agriculture
5000<population> 20000
Medium town-20000-50000
Large town-50000-100000
4. Central village- More than 2000 population
Supplies, trade, institution.
5. New town- newly established for the purpose of specific economic
activities, for deconcentrating the population of large urban
settlement and reconcentrating in a separate location.
6. City- population>100000
New towns
1. Town planning is a science consists in collecting, correlating and analyzing the
facts about a town.
2. The art lies in arranging the components of a town in such away that the final
result is in the form of a beautiful, convenient, economical and efficient unit.
3. The town planning express the life of an area and the architecture reveals its
spirit.
4. Mohanjo – daro was discovered by british archaeologist sir john marshall in 1922.
5. population of mohanjo – daro (2600 BC) was estimated as 40000 – 60000
6. Objects of town planning
- Beauty
- Convenience
- Environment
- Health
7. Principles of town planning
- Green belt
- Housing
- Public buildings
- Recreation centers
- Road system
- Transport facilities
- Zoning
8. topological features contributing to the origin of towns are
- Conditions favorable for industrial units.
- Hilly areas to achieve the object of security.
- Plain areas useful for business activities.
- River banks
- Sea or ocean fronts.
9. functional aspects responsible for the origin and towns are
- education
- health resorts
 - political
- religious
10. growth of towns
1. natural – with out any future planning
• concentric spread
• Ribbon development – along main roads
• Satellite growth – individual
• scattered growth – irregular
2. Planned growth – controlled
- rules and regulation
- distribution

Site planning

 Principles
1. Keeping in view the purpose of building
2. Fast developing, social and friendly neighborhood
3. Where community services, utilities, amenities, means of transport are
available
4. With in the limits of area, building byelaws
5. With possibilities of future extension
6. Situation on elevated place, with uniform slopes
7. Good soil surface for foundation
8. Naturally beautiful and man made environment
9. Good landscape and away from quarries, kilns, factories
10. Consider legal, financial aspects. (ownership rights)

 Site plan should include the information of

1. The boundary of the plot, shape of the site and exterior house dimensions
2. Set back line at the front, back and sites
3. Any permanent boundaries or marks
4. Names and widths of existing streets, grade elevation at centre line
5. Size and location of garages
6. Number of plot, block
7. Directions of prevailing winds and north line
8. Foot paths, widths and kinds
9. Zoning and building restrictions
10. Size and location details of gas line, underground drainage, water mines,
man holes, ventilating pipes
11. Location of fire hydrant
 Planning regulations and building byelaws

1. Lines of building frontages

Building line – line up to which the plinth of a building adjoining a street or

an extension of street.
Control line – extra margin from building line which attracts vehicle
parking.

Type of road Actual limits in urban

areas
Building line Control line
National and state 30 m 45 m
highways
Major district roads 15 m 24 m
Other district roads 9m 25 m
Village roads 9m 15 m

2. Built up area of buildings

Built-up or covered area = plot area – open spaces

Floor area ratio, FAR = covered area of all floors x100

Plot area
In a business area, the covered area shall not exceed 75% of plot area
In an industrial, the covered area shall not exceed 60%
In a residential area,

Area of plot
Less than 200 SQm 60%
200 – 500 50%
500 – 1000 40%
More than 1000 33.33%