STAT328 Probability and Statistics

Lecture 2: Listing/Counting Techniques & Basic Probability Rules

Credit: Some material in these slides is based on the references shown in the last slide.

Instructor: Dr. Abdulaziz A. Alorf

Department of Electrical Engineering

Qassim University

January 21st , 2021

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Outline

1 Listing/Counting Techniques

2 Basic Probability Rules

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Outline

1 Listing/Counting Techniques

2 Basic Probability Rules

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Listing/Counting Techniques

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Listing/Counting Techniques

F Some properties of the combination:

1. It is symmetric! What does it mean?

2. Another “informal” way to compute combination:

3. n C0 = 1.

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Listing/Counting Techniques

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Listing/Counting Techniques
The Relation Between the FCP and Permutation

F The permutation is a special case of the fundamental counting principle

(FCP), consider the following example:

There are 50 students in a certain school. In how many ways can we elect a
President, Vice President, and Treasurer if no student is assigned more
than 1 position?

Solution:
50!
FCP = 50 × 49 × 48 = 50P 3 = .
(50 − 3)!
n!
Note: nP r = .
(n − r)!

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Outline

1 Listing/Counting Techniques

2 Basic Probability Rules

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Basic Probability Rules
Definitions

A probability is simply a number between 0 and 1 that measures the

uncertainty of a particular event.
An event is a set of outcomes of an experiment (a subset of the sample
space) to which a probability is assigned.

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Basic Probability Rules
F Geometrical probability:

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The End

Any questions?

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References

Ronald E. Walpole, Raymond H. Myers, Sharon L. Myers, and Keying Ye.

Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists, 9th ed. Pearson/Prentice
Hall, Upper Saddle River, 2011.
Douglas C. Montgomery and George C. Runger. Applied Statistics and
Probability for Engineers, 6th ed. Wiley, Hoboken, 2013.
William Mendenhall, Robert J. Beaver, and Barbara M. Beaver. Introduction to
Probability and Statistics Metric Edition, 15th ed. Cengage, Boston, 2018.

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