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PH 6 HISTORY OF INDIAN PHILOSOPHY

STUDENT ACTIVITY 3
Synthesis-Reflection Paper
Topic: 2. Darshana: Basic Concepts & Study

NAME ____Rhon Dale V. Cabrera______ DATE SUBMITTED / Sent via email: ___________________

EXPLAIN: Three (3) Significant Points & Personal Reflection

1 Brahman - Atman
Is the ultimate reality or the supreme reality which transcends all things. The Ultimate cause of
the universe. A visible reality and the highest Universal Principle. It is all about the reality in that
underlies all things. While atman is the true self, soul, feeling or mind. Brahman and Atman are
synonymous terms, they are one & the same reality: from the subjective side. Brahman denotes
the term to be defines, and atman defines it.

2 Saguna – Nirguna Brahman

Saguna refers to a Lower Brahman and Nirguna a Higher Brahman.
Saguna is a higher brahman that is more related to earth or Cosmic Brahman, and is regarded to
be the creator and destructor of the universe.
Nirguna, the Lower Brahman is the transcendental Absolute the indescribable, and the
unknowable. And this means that our individuality or innermost being of a universal nature of all
her phenomena.

3 The Study of Darshana and its schools

Darshana have 2 Approaches the Systematic and Historical
The systematic philosophy may be compared in the west and the Historical approach is
somehow deals with Development of darshana in different eras. There are 2 Schools studying
Darshana, the Astika or Orthodox and Nastika or Heterodox.
Orthodox is somehow following the Scripture which is called vedas and belived in the existence
of the heaven (Paraloka)
Heterodox are those who are not following the vedas and they did not believe the paraloka
existence.
 # Personal Reflection
That Indian Philosophy is connected to their Brahman that their philosophy is base also in vedas,
their scripture.

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