Chapter 7 - Push Button - Matrix Keypad 4x4

HCMC University of Technology and Education
Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering

No.1 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc Dist., HCMC, VN
MICROCONTROLLERS
NGUYEN THANH NGHIA

11/6/2020 11
NGUYEN THANH NGHIA
HCMC University of Technology and Education
Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering
No.1 Vo Van Ngan Street, Thu Duc Dist., HCMC, VN
CHAPTER 7:
PUSH BUTTON -
MATRIX KEYPAD 4x4
NGUYEN THANH NGHIA

11/6/2020 22
NGUYEN THANH NGHIA
Outline
1. Introduction.
2. Application: with signle push button.
3. Matrix keypad.
NGUYEN THANH NGHIA 3

Chapter 7: PUSH BUTTON - MATRIX KEYPAD 4x4
1. Introduction
 The push button with active low and active high is
presented as in bellow.

1. Introduction
1.1 Switch Bounce Waveform
 The problem is that any electronic or digital circuit which the
mechanical switch is input interfaced too could read these multiple
switch operations as a series of ON and OFF signals lasting several
milliseconds instead of just the one intended single and positive
switching action.

1. Introduction
1.1 Switch Bounce Waveform
 This multiple switch closing (or opening) action is called Switch
Bounce in switches with the same action being called Contact Bounce
in relays. Also, as switch and contact bounce occurs during both the
opening and closing actions, the resultant bouncing and arcing across
the contacts causes wear, increases contact resistance, and lowers the
working life of the switch.

2. Application: with signle push button
2.1 Control 8 LEDs by two push button ON, OFF
 Schematic:

 Operation: Normally, 2 push buttons is opened and 2
inputs have 2 pull-up resistors. So the logic level is 1.
 When the key is pressed, the input is conneted to
ground. Therefore, the input logic level is 1. When the
push button is released.
The input logic level
is returned to 1.

 Flowchart:

 Code: #include <TV_16F887.C>
#DEFINE ON PIN_E0
#DEFINE OFF PIN_E1
VOID MAIN()
{
SET_TRIS_E(0xFF);
SET_TRIS_D(0x00);
OUTPUT_D(0X00);
WHILE(TRUE)
{
WHILE (INPUT(ON)); //Check logic level 1
OUTPUT_D(0XFF);
WHILE (INPUT(OFF)); //Check logic level 1
OUTPUT_D(0X00);
}
}

2.2 Control 8 LEDs by three push button ON, OFF, INV
 Schematic:

 Operation: When power is on, 8 LEDs is turned off.
When button ON is pressed, 4 low LEDs (D<3:0>) turn
ON and 4 high LEDs (D<7:4>) continous OFF. When
button INV is pressed, the status of 8 LEDs is reversed.

 Flowchart:

#INCLUDE<TV_16F887.C>
 Code: #DEFINE ON PIN_E0
#DEFINE OFF PIN_E1
#DEFINE INV PIN_E2
UNSIGNED INT8 X=0;
VOID MAIN()
{ SET_TRIS_E(0xFF);
SET_TRIS_D(0x00);
WHILE(TRUE)
{
X=0; OUTPUT_D(X);
WHILE (INPUT(ON));
X= 0X0F; OUTPUT_D(X);
DO
{
IF(!INPUT(INV)) //! comparition
{
X= ~ X;
OUTPUT_D(X);
}
}
WHILE(INPUT(OFF));
}
}

2.3 Control 8 LEDs by ON, OFF, INV with debounce
 Schematic:

 Flowchart:

 Code:#DEFINE ON PIN_E0
#DEFINE OFF PIN_E1
VOID MAIN()
#DEFINE INV PIN_E2
{
UNSIGNED INT8 X=0;
SET_TRIS_E(0xFF);
VOID CHONGDOI_INV ()
SET_TRIS_D(0x00);
{
WHILE(TRUE)
IF (!INPUT(INV))
{
{
X=0; OUTPUT_D(X);
DELAY_MS (20);
WHILE (INPUT(ON));
IF(!INPUT(INV))
X= 0X0F; OUTPUT_D(X);
{
DO
X = ~ X; OUTPUT_D(X);
{
WHILE (!INPUT(INV));
CHONGDOI_INV();
}
}WHILE(INPUT(OFF));
}
}
}
}
2.4 Count from 00 to 99 with Start and Stop
 Schematic:

 Operation: When the power is supplied, the LED
displays 00. When the button Start is pressed, the
circuit counts from 00 to 99. If the button Stop is
pressed, the counting value is hold and stop counting.
When the button Start is pressed again, then the
counter is counted again.
 Seven segment led is common Anode, and this led is
directly connected with microcontroller.

 Flowchart:

WHILE(TRUE)
 Code: {
#INCLUDE <TV_16F887.C> FOR (DEM=0;DEM<100;DEM++)
#DEFINE START PIN_E0 {
#DEFINE STOP PIN_E1 OUTPUT_C(MA7DOAN[DEM %10]);
SIGNED INT8 DEM; OUTPUT_D(MA7DOAN[DEM /10]);
INT1 CHOPHEP = 0; DELAY_MS(100);
VOID MAIN() DO
{ {
SET_TRIS_E(0xFF); IF (!INPUT(START))
SET_TRIS_C(0x00); {CHOPHEP=1;}
ELSE IF (!INPUT(STOP) )
SET_TRIS_D(0x00);
{CHOPHEP=0;}
CHOPHEP=0;
}
WHILE(CHOPHEP==0);
}
}
}
3. Matrix keypad
3.1 Why matrix keypad?
 Typically one port pin is required to read a
button.
 When there are a lot of button that has to be
read, it is not feasible to allocate one pin for
each of them.
 This is when a matrix keypad arrangement is
used to reduce the pin count.

3. Matrix keypad
3.1 Why matrix keypad?

3. Matrix keypad
3.2 Operation
 The blue lines are the columns and the
red lines the rows.
 The columns and the rows are NOT in
contact! Suppose that we want to make a
key matrix. To do this, we will have to
connect a button to each knot.
 The buttons will have a push-to-make
contact. When the operator pushes this
button, it will connect the column and
the row that it corresponds to.

3. Matrix keypad
3.2 Operation

3. Matrix keypad
3.2 Operation
 With a matrix including 16 key, we only need 8 line
signal: 4 for raws and 4 for columns – called matrix 4×4.
 H0H1H2H3 are
input and C0C1C2C3
are output.
 When the keys in
matrix is not press
then H0H1H2H3 =
‘1111’.
3. Matrix keypad
3.2 Operation
 Flowchart of keypad 4x4.
 Column code of 4 lower bit
including the states: “1110B”,
“1101B”, “1011B”, “0111B”
combine with 4 higher bit of
raw is always “1111B”, so the
data combined with byte in
hexa is “FEH”, “FDH”, “FBH”,
“F7H”.
3. Matrix keypad
3.2 Operation
 The flowchart of scan
matrix keypad 4x4 with
debounce.

3. Matrix keypad
3.4 Scan matrix keypad, display on seven segment led
 Operation: Connect Microcontroller with 1 led seven
segment and 4 × 4 key matrix. Create a program to scan
a matrix keypad, display the name of the key pressed on
the 7-segment led.

3. Matrix keypad
 Schematic:

3. Matrix keypad
 Flowchart:

3. Matrix keypad
 Main code: #INCLUDE<TV_KEY4X4.C>
SIGNED INT8 MP;
VOID MAIN()
{
SET_TRIS_D(0x00);
OUTPUT_D(0x7F);
SET_TRIS_B(0xF0);
PORT_B_PULLUPS(0XF0);
WHILE(TRUE)
{
MP= KEY_4X4();
IF (MP!=0XFF)
{
OUTPUT_D(MA7DOAN[MP]);
}
}
}
3. Matrix keypad
CONST UNSIGNED CHAR MAQUETCOT[4]= {0xFE,0xFD,0xFB,0xF7};
 Scan keypad code: UNSIGNED INT QUET_MT_PHIM()

{
SIGNED INT8 MAPHIM, HANG, COT;
MAPHIM=HANG=0XFF;
FOR(COT=0;COT<4;COT++)
{
OUTPUT_B(MAQUETCOT[COT]);
IF (!INPUT(PIN_B4)) {HANG=0; BREAK;}
ELSE IF (!INPUT(PIN_B5)) {HANG=1; BREAK;}
}
IF (HANG!=0XFF) MAPHIM = COT*4 + HANG;
RETURN(MAPHIM);
}
UNSIGNED INT KEY_4X4()
{
UNSIGNED INT8 MPT1,MPT2;
MPT1=QUET_MT_PHIM();
IF (MPT1!=0XFF)
{
DELAY_MS(10);
MPT1=QUET_MT_PHIM();
DO{MPT2=QUET_MT_PHIM();}
WHILE (MPT2==MPT1);
}
RETURN(MPT1);
}

3. Matrix keypad
3.5 Scan matrix keypad, display on 2 seven segment led
 Microcontroller connect with 2 7-segment leds and 4×4
matrix keypad. Create a program to scan the matrix
keypad, display keycodes pressed and shift. For
beginning, the dot will be displayed at the 0th LED.
When pressing any key, for example 3, the dot will shift
to the 1st LED, the number 3 will display at the 0th LED.
if the key 5 is pressed, the number 3 of the 0th LED will
shift to the 1st LED, the number 5 will display at the 0th
LED.
3. Matrix keypad
 Schematic:

3. Matrix keypad
 Flowchart:

3. Matrix keypad
 Code: #INCLUDE<TV_16F887.C>
#INCLUDE<TV_KEY4X4.C>
SIGNED INT8 MP, SOTHU1, SOTHU0;
VOID MAIN()
{
SET_TRIS_D(0x00); SET_TRIS_C(0x00);
SET_TRIS_B(0xF0); PORT_B_PULLUPS(0XF0);
SOTHU0=0X7F; SOTHU1=0XFF;
OUTPUT_D(SOTHU0); OUTPUT_C(SOTHU1);
WHILE(TRUE)
{
MP= KEY_4X4();
IF (MP!=0XFF)
{
SOTHU1=SOTHU0;
SOTHU0=MA7DOAN[MP];
OUTPUT_D(SOTHU0); OUTPUT_C(SOTHU1);
}
}
}

The end!

Chapter 7 - Push Button - Matrix Keypad 4x4

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HCMC University of Technology and Education

Faculty of Electrical & Electronic Engineering

NGUYEN THANH NGHIA

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 Scan keypad code: UNSIGNED INT QUET_MT_PHIM()

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