Philippine

Fiction
WHAT IS fiction ?
• a story that is entirely made up and
is not true
• literature in the form of prose,
especially short stories and novels,
that describes imaginary events and
people.
• may resemble reality, but is purely
circumstantial
TECHNIQUES OF

Fiction
1 Character
❑ a person, animal, being, creature, or
thing in a story
❑ perform the actions and speak
dialogue, moving the story along a
plot line
❑ the one readers relate with, converse
with or listen to the thoughts of
❑ driving force of fiction: the way
character changes
1 Character
❑ Protagonist: main character, around
which the whole story revolves.
❑ Antagonist: causes the conflict for the
protagonist.
❑ Foil: has opposite character traits from
another, meant to help highlight or bring
out another’s positive or negative side.
❑ Static: does not change throughout the
story
1 Character
❑ Dynamic: changes throughout the story
❑ Flat: has one or two main traits, usually
only all positive or negative.
❑ Round: has many different traits, good
and bad, making them more interesting
❑ Stock: stereotypical characters, such as
the boy genius, ambitious career person,
faithful sidekick, mad scientist, etc.
2 Symbolism
❑ use of a character, object or event to
signify something else from its original
meaning
❑ concrete to abstract
❑ examples: dove to peace; crossroads to
decision making
❑ purpose: helps readers visualize complex
concepts and follow central themes
3 Intention
❑ what drives the characters to behave
in a particular way in a specific
situation
❑ sets the plot of the story
❑ focuses on:
❑ What do the characters want?
❑ What do they do to get it?
❑ sets the tone of climax
4 Irony
❑ a literary device where the chosen
words are intentionally used to
indicate a meaning other than the
literal one
❑ Three kinds:
▪ Verbal irony
▪ Situational irony
▪ Dramatic irony
5 World
❑ imagined by writer
❑ may be fictional or real depending on
the choice of setting
❑ where the character move
❑ things inside the world of fiction may
be symbolisms
6 Plot Structure
❑ ARISTOTLE: a story is a story if it has a
beginning, middle, and an end
❑ PLATO: adherence to the idea of
organic unity
❑ GUSTAV FREYTAG: (German novelist)
common patterns in plots of stories
can be summarized in a diagram (19th
century)
6 Plot Structure
❑ ARISTOTLE: a story is a story if it has a
beginning, middle, and an end
❑ PLATO: adherence to the idea of
organic unity
❑ GUSTAV FREYTAG: (German novelist)
common patterns in plots of stories
can be summarized in a diagram (19th
century)
6 Plot Structure
CLIMAX

EXPOSITION DENOUEMENT

INCITING INCIDENCE RESOLUTION

6 Plot Structure
1. EXPOSITION
❑ the beginning of the story
❑ where the writer sets the scene by:
▪ introducing the characters
▪ describing the setting, and
▪ sometimes giving a brief
background of the story
6 Plot Structure
1. EXPOSITION
❑ includes the INCITING INCIDENT:
▪ small events and telltale signs
that tell the readers that a
conflict is about to begin
▪ also known as “complication” of
the story
6 Plot Structure
2. RISING ACTION
❑ when the complication begins to
show itself on the characters,
setting, and events on the story.
❑ when the story starts to become
more interesting
6 Plot Structure
3. CLIMAX
❑ the event with the greatest tension
❑ when the characters know the
truth, act on their impulses, make
rash decisions or decide to do
something, and so on.
❑ usually signals how the story will
end
6 Plot Structure
4. FALLING ACTION
❑ the result of the climax
❑ when things start falling into place
for the characters
❑ when the story reaches a
premature resolution of the
conflicts, problems, and issues that
were raised previously
6 Plot Structure
5. DENOUEMENT
❑ “ending” (French)
❑ when the story reaches its final
conclusion
❑ where the author starts to get ready
to tell the ending of by way of
explaining a finality, a flashback, a
peace treaty, etc.
THE

God Stealer
BY F. SIONIL JOSE
ABOUT Francisco Sionil Jose
December 3,
Born 1924 (age 94)
Rosales, Pangasinan

Pen name F. Sionil José

Filipino novelist,
Occupation
writer, journalist
ABOUT Francisco Sionil Jose
• National Artist of the Philippines
• Pablo Neruda Centennial Award
(2004)
• Ramon Magsaysay Award for
Notable Journalism, Literature and Creative
Awards Communication Arts (1980)
• City of Manila Award for Literature
(1979)
• Carlos Palanca Memorial Award for
Literature (1959, 1979, 1980, 1981)
ABOUT Francisco Sionil Jose
Po-on (1984) Tree (1978) My Brother, My
The Rosales
Executioner (1973) The Pretenders (1962)
Saga
Mass (1973)
Ermita (1988) Gagamba (1991) Viajero (1993)
Other novels Sin (1973) Ben Singkol (2001) Vibora! (2007)
Sherds (2007)
Three Filipino Women (Cadena de Amor -
Novellas
Obsession - Platinum) (1992)
The God Stealer (1959) Puppy Love and Thirteen
Short stories Short Stories (March 15, 1998) Olvidon and Other
Stories (1988)
ABOUT The God Stealer
1959 (short story)
1968 (collection)
Published
Solidarid Publishing
House, Inc.
Genre Short Story
Playwright F. Sionil Jose
The Carlos Palanca
Memorial Awards for
Award
Literature winners in the
year 1959.