ENG 101

Lesson - 35
Dr.Surriya Shaffi Mir

Jot down the ideas:

Traffic is a problem because:
- great variety of vehicles on the road
- narrow roads
- drivers don’t obey traffic rules
Traffic is becoming a serious problem in my
city…(Name of the city) There are three basic
reasons. First, there is a great variety of vehicles
moving on the road. There are fast moving,
mechanical vehicles like cars, buses, vans, motor
cycles, motor rickshaws, and there are slow moving
vehicles, like horse-drawn coaches for public
transport called ‘tongas’, oxen and horse-driven carts
for carrying goods and merchandise. This mixture of
fast and slow moving vehicles is the greatest of traffic
problems. Moreover, the number of these vehicles
has risen considerably in the recent years.
Another reason is that roads are old and narrow. As
cars are parked along the side of these roads it
makes the roads more narrow, leaving little room for
the main traffic to move smoothly. Third, as many
drivers in my city do not obey traffic rules, the result is
that traffic jams result from cars going one way and
buses going the opposite way on the same road.
Thus, there is chaos on the roads of my city.
Traffic problems: 3 causes
1. Great variety of vehicles
 - fast moving
- slow moving
2. Narrow sheets = cars parked on sides
3. Drivers don’t obey traffic rules
The Works of Shakespeare 7. Richard III
Macbeth 8. Othello
Merchant of Venice 9. Henry V
King Lear 10. Henry IV, Parts I II
As You Like It 11. Venus and Adores
Romeo and Juliet 12. A Lover’s Complaint
Midsummer Night’s 13. The Sonnets (154)
Dream
The Works of Shakespeare
I. Comedies
- Merchant of Venice
- As you like it
- A Midsummer Night’s Dream
- Tempest
II. Tragedies
- Hamlet
- Macbeth
- King Lear
- Othello
III. Histories
- Richard III
- Henry IV, Part I
- Henry IV, Part II
- Hentry V
IV. Poems
- Venus and Adonis
- A Lover’s Complaint
V. Sonnets (154)
A B Books I enjoy
Reading Books I enjoy Reading
I. Fiction I. Fiction
A. Spy thrillers A. Love Stories
B. Historical Novels B. Historical
Roman
C. Spy
Thrillers
II. Love Stories
III. Non – Fiction II. Non - Fiction
A. Inventors A. Biographies
B. Biographies Statesmen, Kings/
IV. Military Heroes freedom fighters
V.Science / Space Exploration - inventors
- military: conquerors
generals
- sportsman
- movie stars

B. Science /Medical
Science / Space
Exploration
1.Jot down ideas as they occur to you.
2.Arrange these ideas in a satisfactory natural or
logical order with headings and sub-headings.
You may find that some of the ideas which
you have jotted down are not included
because they do not fit in with the purpose.
3. Label your headings and sub-headings carefully:
Main headings: I, II, III…………
 Sub-headings: A, B, C……………….
Further sub-divisions: 1, 2, 3,
4. Indent: i.e. set down the outline as follows
I………………………………………
A………………………..
B………………………..
II……………………………………….
A………………………….
1…………………………….
2…………………………….
B………………………………….
C…………………………………
III………………………………………
Subject: Travel
Ideas: Means of travel (bus, train, aeroplane, car,
etc… )
A particular journey – Peshawar?
“To travel hopefully is better than to arrive.”
(R.L. Stevenson)
Bacon’s ‘Essay on Travel’, Other travel books
Educational value, Holidays , People you meet
People you meet, Countries I should like to visit,
What to see, Language problem, Haj
Customs of the people , Preparation
Outline: Guiding purpose: Personal: Why I
should like to travel.
I.Value of Travel
‘ Travel in the younger sort is part of
education; in the elder, a part of experience’--
Bacon
 A. Knowledge from books e.g. ‘From Oxus to
Jumna
B. Knowledge from experience – visiting
Iran, Afghanistan
Pleasures of Travel
A. Seeing new place
1. Cities, buildings
2. Countryside
3. Historical sites
B. Meeting new people
1. Customs
2. Languages
III. Methods of Travel
A. car, bus, train – see the country, meet the
people (takes longer)
B. Aeroplane (get there quicker).
Desire to Travel
A. Why I want to travel
B. Where I want to go
V. Preparations for Travel – passport, visa, buy
ticket
Note 1: Each heading is expressed in phrase/word
2. Parallel points have parallel wording.
I. II, III, IV, V are all Noun phrases
II A: seeing II. B. meeting
IV. A: why IV B. where
3. Do not allow headings to overlap.
4. Do not coordinate any heading which should
be subordinated & vice versa.
Do not make a single heading or sub heading
anywhere in the outline. e.g. where you have I you
must have II & similarly if you put A, there must be at
least B, and if 1 at least 2.
The outline provides for a prompt beginning (in this
case a quotation) and ending (the buying of a ticket)
but information is given about these, and they are not
labeled Introduction and Conclusion.

The Art of Flower Arrange

e.g. ………………………….….
The choice of Flowers
A. March ……………………….
B. …………… - chrysanthemums
C. February- …………………….
The…………………….. of Flowers
A. The wrong way
B. The …………. Way
1. flowers
2. …………a. big
b. small
………………. of Arrangement
Flower arrangement
The Pleasure from Flower Arr.purpose: to present this as an
Guiding
A. On special occasion
roses, chrysanthemums etc
1. …………………… peach blossom
2…………………….. greenery
a single rose
pleasure
vases – size
Japanese style
lots of flowers
effect on rooms
parties, weddings
good arrangement
bad arrangement
time of year

In the following the main headings overlap. Write two

corrected versions of the outline:
History of the Punjab 1) History of the Punjab
I.Period before 1500 I.………………………
II.Moghuls II………………………
III.Sikhs III………………………
IV.Period after 1947 IV………………………
2) I Moghuls
II……………………….
III………………………
IV………………………
The Uses of Atomic Energy The Uses of Atomic
Energy
I.The Background of Atomic
I……………………………
Research
A. for military purposes
I.II. The Atomic Bomb II…………………………..
I.III. Other weapons
A……………………
IV For peaceful purposes B……………………
A. industry III………………………….
V. Medicine A…………………….
VI.Importance of Atomic Power B…………………….
IV………………………….