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NPM :
21.
0603.
0013
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s

TheLi
feJour
neyOfAsoekar
no
(
Biogr
aphy
)
Soekar nowast hefi
rstPr
esidentofIndonesia.Heserv
edast hePresi
dentfr
om 1945
to1967.Soekar nowasbor ninSurabay aonJune6th,1901.Hewasasonofa
Jav anesepr i
maryschoolt
eacher,hi
sf athernamedRadenSoekemi Sosrodi
har
joand
his mot hernamedIdaAyuNy omanRai .Soekarnowasori
ginal
lynamedKusno
Sosr odihar
jo.

Soekarnomar r
iedtosev eralwoment heywer eSit
iOetari,
InggitGarnasih,
Fatmawati,
Hart
ini,Kar
ti
niManopo, RatnaDewi Soekar no,Haryat
i,YurikeSanger,andHeldy
Djaf
ar.From hi
smar riagehehasf iv
esonsandsi xdaughter s.Hi
ssonsar eGuruh
Soekarnoputr
a, Gunt
urSoekar noputra, Bay
uSoekar noputra,TaufanSoekarnoputr
a,
andTot okSuryawan.Hi sdaughter
sar e MegawatiSoekarnoput ri
,Karti
kaSariDewi
Soekarno,Rachmawat iSoekarnoputri,Sukmawat iSoekarnoput r
i,Ay
uGembi rowati
,
andRukmi niSoekarno.

Soekar nogr aduat

edf rom anat i
veprimar yschool i
n1912, hewassent
the EuropeescheLager eSchool i
nMoj okerto.In1916, Soekarnowentt oa Hogere
Bur gerschool i
nSurabay awher ehemetTj okroaminoto,aNat i
onalistandfounder
of SarekatIslam.I
n1921, hecont i
nuedhi sstudyatt he TechnischeHoogeschoolte
Bandung  (BandungI nstit
uteofTechnol ogy).I
nUni versit
y,Soekarnobegan
organisingast udyclubf orIndonesi
anst udent s,
the AlgemeeneSt udiecl
ub.

July4t h1927,Soekarnoandhi sfri

endsf r
om  Al
gemeeneSt udieclub establi
sheda
pro-i
ndependencepar t
ycal l
ed Part
aiNasionalIndonesia(PNI ) 
andSoekar nowas
el
ect edasthef i
rstleader.Thepar t
yadv ocatedindependencef orIndonesiaand
opposedi mper i
ali
sm andcapi tal
ism.PNIact ivi
ti
escamet ot heattentionoft he
colonialgovernment ,
Soekar no’
sspeechesandmeet ingswer eof t
endi sruptedby
agent sofcoloni
alsecr etpoli
ce.Eventuall
y,Soekarnoandot herPNIl eaderswer e
arrestedonDecember29t h1929byDut chcolonialauthor
it
ies.

PNIwasdi sbannedbyt heDut ch,anditsformermember sformedt wodifferent

part
iestheywere Part
aiIndonesia( Part
indo) 
andthe PendidikanNasionalIndonesi
a
(PNIBaroe).I
nmi d1933, Soekarnopubl i
shedaser i
esofwr i
tingti
tl
ed Mentjapai
I
ndonesiaMer deka.Forthiswr i
ti
ng, hewasar r
est
edbyt heDut chpoli
cewhi lehe
wasv i
sit
ingfel
lowNat i
onalistMohammadHoesni Thamr ininJakar t
aonAugust1st
1933.
In1934,Soekarnoandhi sfamil
yexil
edtoEnde, Fl
ores.Duet oanoutbreakof
malari
ainFlores,t
heDut chauthori
ti
esdecidedtomov eSoekar noandhisfamil
yto
Bengkulu,
Sumat r
ai nFebruary1938.Soekarnorel
easedwhi l
eJapant ookovert
he
author
it
iesfr
om theDut ch.Togaincooperationfr
om Indonesianpopulat
ion,
the
JapaneseputSoekar noasheadof Ti
  ga-
A massor ganisat
ionmov ement.

InMar ch1943, theJapanesef ormedanewor gani sati

oncall
ed PoesatTenaga
Rakjat(POETERA)  
underSoekar no,M.Hatta,KiHadj arDewantara,andK.HMas
Mansj oer.Theaim oft hisorganisat
ionwastor ecruitromushaforcelabour,
requisi
tioningoffoodpr oducts,andt opr
omot epro-Japaneseandant i-
Western
senti
ment samongstI ndonesian.Howev er
,thi
sor ganisati
onfoughtmor efor
Indonesiani nt
erest
.Asar esult,
Japandisbannedt hisorgani
sati
on.WhenJapan
positi
oni nAsiabegant orecessivedbytheall
ies,Japanf or
medBPUPKI .

June1st1945, Soekarnoint
roducedfi
veprinci
ples,knownasPancasi l
aduringt
he
j
ointsessi
onofBPUPKI .OnAugust7th1945, t
heJapaneseal l
owedtheformati
onof
asmal l
erPani
  tiaPenj
eli
dikKemerdekaanIndonesia(PPKI).
 Aftert
hat,
Japancall
ed
Soekarno,Hatta,andRaji
manWedy oningr
attoHoChi Minh,Vietnam t
omeet
GeneralTerauchitodi
scussaboutIndependenceofI ndonesia.

Whent heywerebackt oIndonesia,thethreeyouthl

eader,i
mpatientwithSoekar
no
deci
sionkidnappedhimt oRengasdengkl ok.TheyurgedSoekarnot odecl
are
I
ndonesiaindependencei mmedi at
ely.I
ntheear l
ymorningofAugust17t h1945,
Soekarnoretur
nedtohishouseatJal anPegangsaanTi murNo.56.At10a. m,
SoekarnoandHat t
adecl aredtheindependenceoftheRepublicofIndonesiainf
ront
ofacrowdof500peopl e.Ont hefoll
owingday ,
August18th1945, Soekarnoand
Hatt
awasel ectedasthef irstPr
esidentandVicePresidentofI
ndonesia.

Soekar
nowasst ripedfr
om hi
sposi t
ionast hePresidentofI
ndonesiaonMar ch12th,
1967.Hewasputunderhousear r
estinBogorPal ace,wherehishealthdeter
iorated
duetodenialofadequatemedicalcare.Soekar
nodi edofkidneyfai
lureatJakar t
a
ArmyHospi t
alonJune21st,1970atage69.Hewasbur i
edinBli
tar
, EastJava,
I
ndonesia.

TheLi
feJour
neyOfAsoekar
no
(
Biogr
aphy
)
Soekarnowast hefir
stPr esi
dentofI ndonesia.Heser vedast hePresidentfr
om 1945t o
1967.Soekarnowasbor ninSur abayaonJune6t h,1901.  
Soekarnomar r
iedtosev er
al
woment heywer eSitiOetari
,InggitGarnasi
h, Fatmawat i,Har
tini
,Kart
iniManopo, RatnaDewi
Soekarno,Haryat
i,Yuri
keSanger ,andHeldyDj afar.From hismar ri
agehehasf i
vesonsand
si
xdaught er
s.Hissonsar eGur uhSoekarnoput ra,Gunt urSoekarnoputr
a,Bayu
Soekarnoputr
a,TaufanSoekar noputr
a,andTot okSur yawan.Hi sdaughtersare 
Megawat i
Soekarnoputr
i,Karti
kaSar iDewi Soekarno,Rachmawat iSoekarnoputri
,Sukmawat i
Soekarnoputr
i,AyuGembi r
owat i,
andRukmi ni Soekar no.
Soekarnograduatedfrom anativepri
maryschool i
n1912,hewassentt he Europeesche
LagereSchool i
nMoj oker
to. 
July4th1927,Soekarnoandhisfr
iendsfrom Algemeene
Studi
eclub 
establi
shedapr o-
independencepartycal
l Par
ed  t
aiNasionalI
ndonesi a(PNI)
 and
Soekarnowasel ectedasthefir
stleader.
PNIwasdi sbannedbyt heDutch,andit
sformermember sf ormedtwodi f
ferentpart
iesthey
wer Par
e  taiIndonesi
a( Par
ti
ndo) andt
he PendidikanNasionalIndonesia(PNIBaroe).I
nmi d
1933,Soekarnopublishedaser i
esofwrit
ingtit
led Mentj
apaiIndonesiaMerdeka. I
n1934,
Soekarnoandhi sfamilyexi
ledtoEnde,Fl
ores.Duet oanout breakofmalariainFlor
es,the
Dutchauthoriti
esdecidedtomov eSoekarnoandhi sfamilytoBengkulu,Sumat r
ainFebr uar
y
1938.Soekar norel
easedwhi l
eJapantookov ertheauthori
tiesfrom t
heDut ch.
I
nMar ch1943, t
heJapanesef ormedanewor ganisat
ioncall
ed PoesatTenagaRakjat
(POETERA) underSoekarno,M.Hatta,KiHadjarDewantara,andK.HMasMansj oer.
 June1st
1945,Soekarnointr
oducedfivepri
ncipl
es,knownasPancasi laduri
ngt hej
ointsessi
onof
BPUPKI.OnAugust7t h1945, t
heJapaneseal lowedtheformationofasmal l
erPani
  tia
Penjel
i
dikKemer dekaanIndonesi
a(PPKI).