I.

LESSON OUTLINE 
 
1. Introduction to Scientific and Industrial Revolutions
2. Characteristics of Scientific Revolution
3. Changes, transformations, discoveries, and inventions during the Scientific
Revolution.
4. Characteristics of Industrial Revolution
5. Changes, and transformations during the Industrial Revolution that impacted the
economic, political, social, and religious lives of the people.
6. The four (4) Industrial Revolutions
II. LEARNING OUTCOMES 
 
At the end of this lecture, you will be able to: 
1. Identify the characteristics of the Scientific and Industrial Revolutions.
2. Identify the four (4) Industrial Revolutions.
3. Determine how the changes, transformations, discoveries, and inventions during
the Scientific and industrial Revolutions impacted the lives of people across the
globe.
4. Understand how Scientific and industrial Revolutions are connected to each
other.
5. Exemplify appreciation of Scientific and Industrial Revolutions.

III. RESOURCES NEEDED/ REFERENCES 

 
 

 Boundless World History (n.d.). The Scientific Revolution. Lumen

Learning.https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-worldhistory/chapter/the-
scientific-revolution/
 Alberta Culture and Tourism (n.d.). The Steam Engine, the Industrial Revolution,
and Coal. Alberta Culture and Tourism.
http://history.alberta.ca/energyheritage/coal/early-coal-history-to-1900/the-steam-
engine-the-industrial-revolution-and-coal.aspx#:~:text=The%20engines
%20powered%20by%20steam,engines%20were%20fueled%20by%20coal
 UpKeep. (2019, October 14). What are the 4 Industrial Revolutions? UpKeep.
https://www.onupkeep.com/answers/maintenance-history/four-industrial-
revolutions#:~:text=The%20four%20industrial%20revolutions%20are,ve
%20seen%20an%20amazing%20evolution.
 Institute of Entrepreneurship Development. (2019, june 30). The 4 Industrial
Revolutions. Institute of Entrepreneurship Development. https://ied.eu/project-
updates/the-4-industrial-revolutions/
 History. (2020, May, 21). Astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus Dies. History.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/copernicus-dies
 The Economic Times. (n.d.). Definition of Scientific Revolution.
https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/definition/scientific-revolution
 Prezi. (n.d.). Industrial Revolution vs. Scientific Revolution.
 https://prezi.com/a4_slcegrwvt/industrial-revolutions-vs-scientific-revolution/
 Handman, M. (1921). The Sentiment of Nationalism. Academy of Political
Science.
 Britannica.com

IV. PRE-ACTIVITY 
 

Students will analyze the pictures that are shown on their screens. These pictures show
the different discoveries, and inventions throughout the four (4) Industrial Revolutions.
 
V. LESSON CONTENT 
 
Lesson 2 – Scientific and Industrial Revolutions.

Scientific Revolution – emergence of modern Science during the Early Modern Period
(Lumen Learning).

Four Factors that led to the Changes and Transformations during the Scientific
Revolution:
1. 17th Century philosophers were able to collaborate with members of the
mathematical and astronomical communities to effect advances in all fields.
2. scientists realized the inadequacy of medieval experimental methods for their work
and so felt the need to devise new methods.
3. Academics had access to the legacies of European, Greek, and Middle Eastern
scientific philosophy that they could use as a starting point.
4. Institutions like the British Royal Society helped validate Science as a field by
providing an outlet for the publication of scientists' work (Lumen Learning).

Discoveries and Inventions during the Scientific Revolution

1. Scientific Method
2. Heliocentric Model vs. Geocentric Model
3. Telescope
4. Four (4) largest moons of Jupiter
5. Phases of Venus and rings of Saturn

Industrial Revolution – advancements in Science and technology.

Changes and transformations in so far as economic and political lives are concerned:
1. Shift in the livelihood of the people – from agricultural to industrial life; from rural
areas to urban areas. Migration was encouraged. People moved to cities to work in
factories.
2. Two new social classes were born – capitalists/bourgeoisie & factory workers
3. Karl Marx – Communism.
4. Labor laws were crafted – overtime pay, leaves, incentives, healthcare, fixed working
hours, etc.
Changes and transformations in so far as political and religious lives are concerned:
1. Different revolutions took place to liberate people from the oppression and abuses
brought by the church and state.
2. Rise of Democratic institutions.
3. Separation of church and state.

Four (4) Industrial Revolutions:

1. First Industrial Revolution (18th – 19th centuries) – coal, steam engine,
mechanization, which led to the manufacturing of products.
2. Second Industrial Revolution (19th – 20th centuries) – electricity, gas, oil, combustion
engine, automobiles, planes.
3. Third Industrial Revolution (2nd half of 20th century) – nuclear energy, electronics,
telecommunications, and computers.
4. Fourth Industrial Revolution – renewable energy like solar, wind, and geothermal;
cyber world and digital technologies.
VI. POST ACTIVITY 
 
Ask the students about the importance of Scientific and Industrial Revolutions to the
present world.
VII. LESSON SUMMARY 
 

Scientific and Industrial Revolutions are important events in the history of humanity. The
Scientific Revolution ushered Science into a new era; many of the centuries-old beliefs
were challenged and were disproved. One good example is the Geocentric Model. For
centuries, Europeans believed that the center of the universe was the Earth and that
everything revolves around it. This was, however, challenged by people like Nicolaus
Copernicus and Galileo Galilei when they introduced the Heliocentric Model, which
states that it is not the Earth that is in the center of the universe, but it was the Sun. The
Earth and the other planets are simply revolving around it. The Scientific Revolution
was also a factor in the emergence of the Age of Enlightenment and the Industrial
Revolution. The Industrial Revolution altered all aspects of human life. Far-reaching
transformations happened in the political, economic, social, and religious lives of the
people. In fact, the changes that happened during the first and second Industrial
Revolutions are still being felt and enjoyed today.
 
VIII. ASSIGNMENT 
 
Prepare for the quiz that will cover lessons 1 & 2.