Baro a Panagbiag: A Documentary Film

about the Effects Brought by the Pandemic to the Vendors

of Tourist Spots in Baguio City

A Thesis Presented To

The College of Architecture and Fine Arts

Bulacan State University

Malolos, Bulacan

Requirements for The Program

Research Methods

413/411 D

Roldan, Leylalyn M.

BFA - 4A

2020-2021

1
Leylalyn M. Roldan

Baro a Panagbiag: The effects of the widespread covid-19 pandemic on the lives

and livelihood of vendors stationed in the major tourist spots in Baguio City

The COVID-19 19 Pandemic phenomenon greatly debilitates the summer capital of the

Philippines' economy as the lockdown prohibits business establishments, resorts, and

any tourist visited places in Baguio City. Small and micro entrepreneurs and business

were hit directly as tourism economy were crippled. So as the workers and employees

become jobless, the locals look for the aide and support of their LGU( Local Government

Unit) as their only lifeline to cling on as the beat of pandemic hits harder and pushes them

down. But as what Filipinos were told; they're resilient, patient, enduring and hard

working.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the

tourist spot vendors of Baguio City and how their livelihood survives during the lockdown

because of the struggles and challenges that they face.

This is study involved phenomenology method of research that describe the extends of

effect pandemic to the people likewise experience catastrophic pandemic. The researcher

identified 30 respondents for the survey. They were selected according to their age, sex,

civil status and years of as vendors in selected tourists spots in Baguio City that the

vendors being is only source income. The researcher was chosen purposive sampling.

2
According to the data gathered, the lockdown has had a big impact on the tourist spot

vendors of Baguio City due to the covid-19 pandemic. The lockdown has significantly

reduced the number of incoming tourists that resulted to reduced number of buyers. It

has been almost a year since the lockdown has been placed and most of the vendors

have been affected from the very start. In addition, according to some of the vendors,

they were able to survive despite the great effect of pandemic through online selling,

growing vegetables in their backyards. And because they have no stable source of

income, they had no choice but to limit all of their expenses.

This study the researcher will create a documentary film to complete the study. The

researcher hopes that this documentary film will alarm the local officials to extend more

help and create more extensive programs to aid the vendors and their families in these

times of pandemic.

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

The world has been shocked with the outbreak of covid-19 pandemic. Many people have

been inflicted with the disease and worst; it has taken away millions of lives. Though there

have been many survivors even before the discovery and production of the vaccine,

however, for some their lives after recovery is already far from their previous lives. A lot

of people’s lives were affected in many different ways. Many have lost their livelihoods

and were completely dependent on aid from the government and other organizations.

3
Since March 2020, Magalong decided to declare that Sunday to be literally, the city's rest

day. Stores and the once-bustling Baguio City Market are closed and only essential

workers are permitted to come out of their homes. The quiet Sundays have made the city

central hauntingly charming and beautiful. After the ECQ became more lenient, but still

not quite that easy because of the protocols implemented and whoever does not comply

with the protocol will be penalized or fined. But most of the tourist spots are already open,

but it is not easy for vendors to take risks because covid is still spreading. As of today,

the number of cases of covid jin Baguio has reached 4,585. Restrictions have been strictly

implemented since the lockdown but due to easing restrictions over time, numbers of

positive cases continue to increase. Out of the total recorded cases, active cases are at

10.47% which makes up 480. There were about 87.66% who have already recovered,

equivalent to 4,019, and a total of 86 deaths, 1.87% of the total cases. In about two

months, lockdown will reach its first anniversary but the virus is still widespread and the

government is still figuring out a permanent solution to completely eradicate covid-19.

Here are some of the tourist spots affected by COVID-19 including here are the Burn Ham

Park which is often visited by children, and some of these are Mine views, Camp John

Hay, Wright Park, Strawberry La Trinidad, Botanical Garden, and others.

The summer capital of the Philippines; Baguio City opened its borders to tourists from

Ilocos Region on October 1 last year and on October 23 to the rest of Luzon including

Metro Manila. It was announced by its Mayor Benjamin Magalong. The latter also stated

that in time it will be opened to the rest of the regions of Luzon but only limited to 200

4
people per day until gradually increased. However strict quarantine protocol measures

must be ensured by the tourists implemented by IATF. Travel passes must be secured

from LGU online using a website made by the City to facilitate travelers and for their

convenience. A swab test is required for the travel application to consider 24 hours prior

by the applicant that undertakes it. Strict protocols on social distancing and washing

hands with alcohol should be practice thorough briefing before the visit. When the

application is granted, the hotels or in the tourist is checking in will be scheduled, the

places he/she will pay a visit as mandated for tracking and monitoring purposes. The City

hopes that opening the city will pave the way to bring back the crippled tourism economy

brought by the pandemic.

December is when the entire Luzon archipelago declared by Baguio City LGU could

access and enjoy the independent city in the north's infamous winter feels and scenic

landmarks thus increasing the allowable visitor per day to a thousand. Baguio LGU is

ready on hand for the massive trench of tourists especially cause of the holiday season.

The implemented preventive protocols by IATF were strongly practicing and applied for

the welfare of the locals and the tourists to avoid or lessen the transmission. The hospitals

and medical facilities were ensured well-armed with employees and practitioners together

with the authorities to deal with the sudden surge of the populace as expected by officer

Aloysius Mapalo of Supervising Tourism Operations. The risk is on hand but it will embark

on the growth of the tourism economy he noted. The website LGU made played a major

role in contract tracing, awareness, and help guide the travelers in the city as such as it

is retroactive; meaning it's comprehensively adapting and improving to address the

situation and adhere to the needs of the public.

5
Here in the summer capital of the Philippines, Baguio City, just like in many other areas,

there are also a lot of people who have lost their livelihood. This is more evident to the

vendors stationed in the tourists’ spots in Baguio City. Because of the pandemic, tourism

has been put to halt for a while, thus, no tourists coming up to the city. Since most of the

products they sell are souvenirs, not much or worse, no one is buying their products. The

city was also put into lockdown and vendors were forced to lock up their stores and stay

at home.

This thesis will cover the effects of the pandemic to the vendors of the tourists’ spots in

Baguio City. How their lives have changed and how much effect the pandemic has caused

to their livelihood.

To complete this study, the researcher decided to make a Documentary Film so that the

people can better understand this research and also to allow vendors affected by and the

people affected by their livelihood to express their feelings insight just because of the

spreading pandemic, more especially their livelihood.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The effects of the widespread covid-19 pandemic on the lives and livelihood of vendors

stationed in the major tourist spots in Baguio City.

SUB PROBLEM

1.) What are the effects of lockdown on the tourist spot vendors of Baguio City during the

covid-19 pandemic?

2.) How have several months of lockdown affected their livelihood?

6
3.) What alternative sources of income did the vendors think of?

4.) How did the vendors manage to survive when their livelihood has shut down due to

the pandemic?

5.) What are the expectations of the vendors regarding the future of Baguio tourism?

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will raise awareness about the effects of a widespread pandemic to the

vendors of the tourists’ spots in Baguio City. This will document their lives before and

during the pandemic: what are the changes and how grave was the effect on their lives

and livelihood. This will become an eye-opener to all people especially the government

sectors so that they could extend their help and assistance to the vendors who have lost

their source of income.

This study will be significant to the following group of people:

The vendors: This study is important for vendors because they are the targets of this

research to share how important Baguio tourism in, they life.

Baguio Tourism:

This study is also important tourism because this research also includes sharing with

them the importance of vendors whose life by effects by pandemic to express their sight

of tourist spot in tourism and conveying to them the various policies of Baguio.

Local Government Unit of Baguio:

7
The researcher also aims to convey to the locals of the Baguio government unit to pay

attention to this study to give way to people who need help in this situation.

The researcher:

If anyone who will benefit from the study, it is no other than the researcher because as a

tourist it became a way to earn more knowledge on how others handle their situation as

vendors during the pandemic. To make it clear, the researcher investigated to answer all

questions.

STUDY OF FRAMEWORKS

Theoretical Framework

8
The researcher included theories that relevant to the study to further support the research.

Development

The start of a project varies, but generally will begin with development of a script, be that

an existing script, a book, a brief story outline. Development may also start with a Director

and/or Writer pitching an idea to a Producer.

Pre-Production

9
This is the phase where you would narrow down the options of the production. It is where

all the planning takes place before the camera rolls and sets the overall vision of the

project. Pre-production also includes working out the shoot location and casting. The

Producer will now hire a Line Manager or Production Manager to create the schedule and

budget for the film.

Production

During this phase it is key to keep planning ahead of the daily shoot. The primary aim is

to stick to the budget and schedule, this requires constant vigilance. Communication is

key between location, set, office, production company, distributors - in short, all parties

involved

Principal Photography

This is when the camera rolls. It is nearly always the most expensive phase of film

production, due to actor, director, and set crew salaries, as well as the costs of certain

shots, props, and on-set special effects. Everything that has happened up to this point is

to make principal photography go as smoothly and efficiently as possible. Communication

between all parties is crucial during the shoot and the production must maintain a full set

of records and strive to remain on time and on budget.

Wrap

The period immediately after shooting ends. It is when we strike (dismantle) the set and

clear the location. Everything must be returned in good order to suppliers and there must

be a full set of records of the shoot.

10
Post-Production

This stage starts when principal photography ends, but they may overlap. The bulk of

post-production consists of reviewing the footage and assembling the movie - editing.

There will be contributions as required from Visual Effects (VFX), Music and Sound

Design. The picture will now be locked and delivery elements will be created. Further

information on Post Production can be found later on in Week 1 of the course.

Distribution

Once the film is completed, it must be distributed. This is how producers make their

money back and a considerable amount of time and energy will be invested to secure the

right distribution deals for their projects. The film will go into the cinema and/or be

distributed via various platforms such as Amazon Prime, Netflix, and HBO.

Conceptual Theory

IDEA

SCRIPT

PRE- PRODUCTION

11
 PRODUCTION

EDITING

PRESENTATION

The idea will come from the respondents, the figure shows the concept of the research

entitled, “Baro a Panagbiag: Documentary Film on Pandemic Effects to the Tourist Spot's

Vendors in Baguio City” The Figure shows the Idea first, which is the most important in

the process because if you do not have an idea, you will not be able to complete the

study. The idea will be coming from the story of the respondents. After the response upon

the idea is received, it will be collected and the script will be written. Base on the response

of the vendors, the script will analyze according to the outline. And the third is the pre-

production or planning everything or preparing the basic needs such as the place where

you plan to make a film, proceeding to use the subject to make the film. Preparing the

place where the subject will be an interview. The fourth is production, it will be the actual
12
shooting of the documentary film. The final phase will be the editing, where the shots will

be carefully reviewed and make a decision not only on what should be hidden but also

what will be removed and what will it look like. It also depends on what will be the reaction

of each guest who watches the said film. And the last one is the presentation; the finished

output will be uploaded on social media.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

SOUVENIRS AND PASALUBONG

The target respondents are the vendors stationed at the major tourists’ spots in Baguio

City, particularly in Burnham, Mines View, Botanical Garden and others tourist spot.

Vendors will be interviewed about their lives before the pandemic and during the

pandemic. But the other vendors of vegetables and meat in the market are not included

in this research. The three subjects, which are represented in this study will be part of the

documentary film. The subject of the document will be determined after the content is

analyzed by the conducted survey.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Covid - A type of infectious and deadly disease.

Baro a Panagbiag - Ilocano language that refers to a new life to face or a new path to

tread.

Idea - Storyline of the respondents

Editing - The process of organizing your movie in chronological order

13
Script - Ask questions that must be answered

Presentation - Presenting the study to be complete

Pre-production - Preparation for film uses

Production - actual shooting of film

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This section discusses the impact of Covid-19 Virus on the lives of many people

specifically on the tourism of every city such as Baguio. This also tackles the effect of the

pandemic on the livelihood of vendors stationed in the major tourist spots in Baguio City

through the review of related literature. This section also contains various articles related

to tourism and to their livelihood of different Country.

The Economics of Covid-19 in the Philippines

According to Leandro S. Estadilla, The emergence of COVID-19 places the

economy at risk of recession or worst, depression. A sharp decline in the country’s

economic growth is primarily caused by the weak consumption of locals and non-

existence of foreign tourists in the country. On the other hand, disruptions of the supply

chain in the manufacturing and retails sectors make the situation much worse. With clear

uncertainties in mind, government agencies must lay down economic policies, monetary

14
and fiscal, that would boost the confidence of the consumers and producers. Lastly, a

clear and coordinated efforts of the national and local government together with economic

agencies of the country must be present at this time of the pandemic.

The effect of this pandemic is already felt in the commerce caused by the interruptions

on the production of goods especially necessity goods. Many people because of the

different implementing rules of their government like quarantine and lockdowns are no

longer expected to work by a month or two and are requested to maintain physical

distancing with one another.

Impact of Covid-19 on the Philippines Tourism Industry

According to PWC Philippines, without a doubt, the tourism industry is among the

sectors that have been greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The closing of

borders, airports, and hotels as well as restrictions on mass gatherings, land travel and

related services across the world put around 100 to 120 million jobs at risk, as estimated

by the World Tourism Organization.

Given the travel restrictions and closure of businesses, 88% of the respondents expect

losses of over 50% of their 2020 revenues. Sixty-three percent of the respondents also

say that they expect their businesses to normalize within six months to over a year. Such

findings are worrying because the tourism industry contributed 12.7% of the country’s

GDP in 2019, and provided 5.71 million jobs in the same year.

15
Most businesses need funding to normalize their operations. It will be mainly used for

working capital, and marketing and promotions. With the absence of revenues, majority

of the respondents say that they can only sustain their operations for up to six months.

Similarly, most of the respondents have a cash runway of up to six months.

How much did the Tourism Industry Lost? Estimating Earning Loss of Tourism in

the Philippines

The study of Centeno et al., aimed to forecast the total earnings loss of the tourism

industry of the Philippines during the COVID-19 pandemic using seasonal autoregressive

integrated moving average. Several models were considered based on the

autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation graphs. Based on the Akaike's Information

Criterion (AIC) and Root Mean Squared Error, ARIMA(1,1,1)×(1,0,1)12 was identified to

be the better model among the others with an AIC value of −414.51 and RMSE of

47884.85. Moreover, it is expected that the industry will have an estimated earning loss

of around 170.5 billion pesos if the COVID-19 crisis will continue up to July. Possible

recommendations to mitigate the problem includes stopping foreign tourism but allowing

regions for domestic travels if the regions are confirmed to have no cases of COVID-19,

assuming that every region will follow the stringent guidelines to eliminate or prevent

transmissions; or extending this to countries with no COVID-19 cases.

Factors affecting perceived effectiveness of Covid-19 prevention measures among

Filipinos during Enhanced Community Quarantine in Luzon, Philippines:

Integrating Protection Motivation Theory and extended Theory of Planned Behavior

16
 According to Castillo et al., due to the global pandemic of COVID-19, several

prevention measures were taken. A massive lockdown has been implemented by

governments in several countries. In addition, “#StayAtHome" was promoted by the

media to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Researchers are currently developing a

vaccine; as yet, there is no effective medicine that has been invented for the treatment of

COVID-19 infections (Paital et al., 2020). At the moment, the only remedial option is

hospitalization and thorough care management. With few initial treatment medications,

predicting the duration and final size of the virus in every country becomes critical for

policymakers and public health authorities to prevent further spread of the outbreak.

On March 16, 2020, The Philippine government imposed a total lockdown in Luzon,

known as the Enhanced Community Quarantine (ECQ), as a preventive measure to

minimize the COVID-19 outbreak. This ECQ is widely known as one of the longest

lockdowns in the world. Under the ECQ, all modes of domestic travel, including ground,

air, and sea, were suspended. Residents were not allowed to leave their homes except

in case of emergencies. Border closures and entry bans were also enforced. Thousands

of police officers and military personnel were deployed at checkpoints to ensure that

people complied with the lockdown. The administration also implemented, through

several platforms as preventive measures, strict social distancing (Duddu, 2020, CSIS,

2020) and educated the community on healthy lifestyles.

Philippines: Covid to Slow Tourist Arrivals and Filipino Outbound Tourists too

According to Nicholas Mapa, the Philippines welcomed 8.26 million foreign visitors

to the archipelago in 2019 with tourist receipts hitting $9.31 billion, translating to roughly

17
$128 spent by each tourist based on the average number of days spent in the

country. Visitors from South Korea, China and Japan comprised the top three in terms of

country of origin and the Philippines will likely not be welcoming many visitors from these

jurisdictions in the near-term or until Covid-19 is successfully contained. But despite the

projected loss of roughly $9.3 billion worth of foreign currency inflows, the peso has

remained relatively stable. The explanation for this could be that the projected loss of

tourist receipts will be offset by the reduction of foreign exchange outflows from Filipino

outbound tourists.

Travel services as recorded in the balance of payments (BoP) for the Philippines

indicate that over the years, the amount of foreign exchange spent by Filipino residents

abroad has generally outweighed the haul of tourist receipts since 2008. 2Q15 saw net

travel services hit by -$2.1 bn, meaning Filipinos’ holiday spending outpaced tourism

receipts by as much as $2.1 bn. And although Covid-19 will likely slow the influx of foreign

tourists to the Philippines, potentially costing around $9 bn in lost tourism receipts, the

virus will also likely ground outbound Filipino tourists, helping to keep much-needed

foreign currency onshore.

The Hospitality Industry in the Face of the Covid-19 Pandemic

According to Davahli et al., ever since the Covid-19, a new strain of SARS (SARS-

CoV-2), has grown into a worldwide pandemic and spreading across many countries,

critical global responses to control the spreading of the Corona Virus have included travel

restrictions, shelter-in-place and social distancing orders. Most countries around the world

18
have imposed partial or complete border closures, with travel bans affecting the majority

of the world’s population. With millions suddenly became unemployed, uncertainty over

economic recovery and global fears on continuously spread of the virus and its future

waves, the hospitality industry was among the first industries affected and it will be among

the last industries to recover.

On January 2020, the United States reported its first COVID-19 confirmed case. In

February and through March 2020, the pandemic began to exact unprecedented

economic and social consequences. Since public health concerns started to escalate in

mid-February 2020, U.S. hotels have lost room revenues. As of 3 June 2020, six out of

ten hotel rooms remain empty across the country. Since August 2020, almost half of the

hotel industry employees are still not working, and five out of ten rooms are empty.

Covid-19 and the Stock Market: Impacts on Tourism-Related Companies

According to Nhamo et al. studies, it was observed that the news of the COVID-

19 outbreak and measures put in place to curb its spread dampened the stock markets

and led to declines in tourism-related stock prices. The measures included travel bans,

bans on mass gatherings, as well as the closure of hotels and restaurants. Tourism

firms and those in their value chain became the worst performers on global stock

markets with some losing up to 80% of their value within a 2-week period. This

translated into billions of dollars in lost value. Governments responded to these losses

by issuing stimulus and rescue packages for distressed industries. These led to notable

recoveries by some firms, although most in the tourism industry remained negative. The

19
chapter recommends an additional rescue package for the tourism industry that must

be timed with visible signs that the pandemic is under control.

Covid-19 and Tourism Industry in Malaysia: Recommendation for future recovery

According to Alwi et al., travel and tourism play a key role in Malaysia's economy,

with almost 50% of Malaysia's export trade in services reflecting only travel. There are

approximately 27 million annual tourist arrivals to Malaysia. The effect of coronaviruses

on the Malaysian tourism industry will rely on how coronaviruses spread across

Singapore rather than China, as tourists from Singapore are around 39 percent highest,

while tourists from China are about 12% low. The coronavirus is a threat to economic life

globally. This study aims to provide some recommendations to recover from the business

and economic downturn caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Proper mitigation and

recovery programs need to be identified to minimize the impact of coronavirus on the

economy. Unlike other businesses, tourism will take more time to get back to normal

during the recovery period, as visitors have to ensure that the situation is safe and stable

before they have the motivation to engage in tourism activities again.

Catastrophic Impact of Covid-19 on Tourism Sector in Bangladesh: An Event Study

Approach

According to Dr. Emon Kalyan Chowdhury, the current size of the Bangladesh

tourism economy sits at about roughly Bangladesh Taka (BDT) 500 million, with a total

revenue of USD 1157 billion since 2009 up to 2019. On an average, 550,000 people visit

Bangladesh that creates a whopping 2.23 million jobs. Attracting foreign tourists in

20
Bangladesh is a challenge as it lacks sufficient tourism facilities. Bangladesh Tourism

Board recorded the visitation of measly 267,000 foreign tourists in the year 2018 (Hossain

and Wadood, 2020). The Bangladesh government has decided to allocate BDT 34 Billion

for the years 2019-20 to the Civil Aviation and Tourism ministry, this has helped

Bangladesh secure the 120th position from 125th among 140 countries (Irani, 2019).

Although Bangladesh tourism industry could not establish its own signature in the world

community, millions of people are earning their breads engaging themselves in more than

10 million domestic tourism services which result in BDT 35 billion in a year. Due to

ongoing coronavirus disease (Covid-19), hundreds of travel and tour companies will

disappear, a sizeable number of hotels, restaurants and resorts will shut down their

business. The financial loss of aviation industry will cross BDT 6 billion, hotels and

restaurants will lose more than BDT 15 billion, and travel agents will lose BDT 30 billion.

By June 2020, the overall estimated loss for the tourism sector will be BDT 97.5 billion

slashing 309,500 jobs (Hasan, 2020). To save tourism sector from this crisis, Pacific Asia

Travel Association (PATA), Bangladesh Chapter demanded BDT 30 billion interest free

loans for 3 years and another 5 billion financial assistance for overseas marketing from

the Government of Bangladesh (PATA, 2020). Table 1 gives an overview of companies

listed under tourism and leisure sector at Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE). The companies

represent hospitality, hotels, resorts, spa, and airlines businesses. The face value of each

company’s share is BDT 10. The market price per share of Sea Pearl Beach Resort &

Spa Limited is the highest (BDT 79.10) among the lot whereas the performance of United

Airways (BD) Ltd. is the worst with market price per share BDT 1.40 only and earnings

per share is BDT -0.34.

21
Effect of Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) to tourism industry

According to Abu Bakar et al., to prevent the spreading of this pandemic, many

countries implementing lockdown procedure to stop the chain of infection for this new

disease. The government-ordered lockdowns have disrupted life for billions and in the

same time creates economic collapse scenario. The country with the most COVID-19

infections reported a record surge in unemployment. The result shows COVID-19

CREATES panic among public that contributes to lower demand in tourism industry. This

is one of effect because of disease spreading including lockdown approach that

implemented in current situation. This scenario, contributes to lower demand price by

customer. Therefore, according to market equilibrium of supply-demand theory, the price

of tourism sector is keep decreasing parallel with decrement in demand.

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This is study involved phenomenology method of research that describe the extends of

effect pandemic to the people likewise experience catastrophic pandemic.

22
Sample, Size, and Sampling Design

The researcher identified 30 respondents for the survey. They were selected according

to their age, sex, civil status and years of as vendors in selected tourists spots in Baguio

City that the vendors being is only source income.

Respondent's Profile Based on the Following: Age, Gender, Civil Status

3%
7%

10%

57%
23%

18-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61-75

The figure 3.1 show the age of the respondents.

23
More than half (57%) of the respondents are in 18-30 years old, the rest only half (23%)

of them is 31- 40 years old, A few (10%) of the respondents are in 41- 50 years old. Very

few 7% are in 51-60 years old and (3%) of the vendors of 61-75 years old.

27%

73%

female male

The figure 3.2 shows the gender of the respondents.

Out 30 respondents, there 22 vendors that are in female which are (73%) . While 8 of the

respondents are male which is (35%).

24
 3%

50%
47%

single married seperated

The figure 3.3 show the civil status of the respondents.

Half (50%) of the respondents are single, while almost half (47%) of them are married,

and rest (3%) are separated.

The researcher was chosen purposive sampling.

Study Locale

The identified respondents are residents of Baguio City. They live from different

barangays such as Guisad, Loakan,Aurora hill, Quezon hill, Balacbac, Bakakeng Sur,

San luis,Kias, Mine View and City Camp.

Data Collection Instrument

To gather data, the researcher used survey questionnaires which included open and

closed ended type of questions.

25
Data Collection Procedure

The researcher selected the respondents from the vendors of Baguio. The researcher

discussed the survey process to the respondents and identified those who are willing to

participate and answer the questions. Respondents received a copy of survey

questionnaires. For the online participants, they were sent a personal message or link

containing the survey questions. The respondents were given time to answer the

questions.

Data Analysis

Answers from all of the identified respondents were collected and analysed. The results

were key factors in answering the main problem of the research and aided in tackling the

objectives of this study.

CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS GENERAL DISCUSSIONS

In this chapter, the researcher presents the results and analysis of the gathered

responses from the survey. The data were collected and then processed in response to

the problems posed in Chapter I of this study. Below are the data gathered that will justify

the problems and main objective of the research.

26
GENERAL DISCUSSION ABOUT EFFECTS OF PANDEMIC TO THE VENDORS

This discussion will include the different situations of the vendors according to

their thoughts and experience during the pandemic not only how their livelihood affected

and what kind of things they did to cope up.

Effects of Covid-19 to their livelihood

40%
53%

7%

Lower income lost job others

Fig. 4.1 Effects of Covid- 19 to their livelihood

Figure 4.1 Effects of Covid-19 to livelihood shows that majority (53%) of respondents had

various reasons, while some (40%) of the respondents said low income, and the rest (7%)

of respondents lost work.

27
Based on the results of those affected by the covid-19 pandemic, they have different

opinions, some of them are very affected because of the covid-19 pandemic, there are

those who say that their income is weak and there is nothing to sell due to the lack of

tourists and it is just wasted their goods. Some of them also lost their jobs.

Below are the top answers of the respondents:

“Napaka Laki Ang epekto Ng Covid-19 sa aming pamilya. Lalo na pag Ang pinag uusapan

ay kabuhayan. Alam Naman natin na dahil sa pandemya maraming tao na kagaya ko

Ang nawalan Ng hanap buhay. Maraming pamilya Ang nagugutom dahil sa kawalan Ng

trabaho. Kung dati nakaka Kain Ng masarap ang aking pamilya ngayon hindi na , dahil

kailangan namin magtipid hanggat dipa nakakabalik sa aming trabaho.”

“Nagkaroon ng pagtigil ang aking pagbenenta kaya naman nagkaroon din kami ng

panahon ng pagtitipid.”

“Malaki ang naging epekto nito sa aming pamilya. Hindi na nakakalabas ng bahay ang

mga bata na dati buong maghapon araw2 at lagi lang sila sa loob ng bahay. Sa

kabuhayan namannagmahal na lahat ng bilihin, tapos kami. Amang may mga bilihan ang

mga pandekorasyon at souvenier ay hindi nabibilihan dahil nawala ang mga mamimili

dahil pahirapan na ang mga turista na pumunta d2 lalo na ngayon na naka GCQ na

naman kami dito. At madami pang iba.”

28
“Nawalan ng income at hindi sapat ang naiaabot o naibibigay sa pang araw na

pangangailangan ng aking Pamilya.”

“Nagkaroon ng pagtigil ang aking pagbebenta kaya naman nagkaroon din kami ng

panahon ng pagtitipid.”

Discusses the number of vendors where most of them have been affected by the period

of lockdown that has reached one year and others due to the covid- 19 pandemic.

Number of months they were affected by the lockdown

1month
4%0%
7% 2month
3% 3month
27%
4month
10%
5month
6month
7month
3% 10%
8month
9month
3%
10month
3%
0%
11month
30%
12month

Fig. 4.2 Number of the months they were affected by the lockdown

29
Figure 4.2 The number of the months they were affected by the lockdown displays that

many of the respondents (30%) have been affected by the lockdown for about 10 months.

Some (27%) mentioned that they have been heavily impacted by the government

restrictions for as long as 12 months. While Others 20% of the respondents who

mentioned that they have been affected for a period of 5 to 6 months. the rest 3% equally

mentioned that they were affected for 2 months, 4 months, 7 months.

Below are the top answers of the respondents:

“May 10 buwan na halos simula ng magkaroon tayo ng tinatawag na lockdown. Doon

na nag umpisa ang kalbaryo ng kabuhayan namin dito sa Baguio City.”

“5 Months ako nabakante sa aking trabaho. Ang aking trabaho ay hindi stable hindi

tulad Ng mga pulis na kahit may pandemya tuloy parin. No work, No pay kumbaga.”

“Sampung buwan nang maramdaman kong hindi na normal ang takbo ng buhay at

trabaho.”

“Mga 3-4 months, dahil sa mahabang lockdown, naapektuhan yung mga binebenta

naming kagamitan yung mga sapatos nagkasira dahil hindi nalinisan dahil sa

lockdown.”

“Mag isang taon na dahil nagsimulang mag higpit sa turismo simula ng pandemic.”

30
This analysis will discuss the number of respondents who received assistance and did

not receive assistance during the lockdown.

No. of Respondents who receive help during lockdown

14%

86%

receive not receive

Fig. 4.3 No. of Respondents who receive help during lockdown

Figure 4.3 Number of the respondents who receive help during the lockdown confirmsthat

majority (86%) of the respondents who receive help during lockdown, while remaining

(14%) of respondents did not receive help during lockdown.

Based on the result of the respondents many of them received assistance from the

governor. Some of these are relief goods that people usually distribute to poor people

such as cans, noodles, and other necessities within the house. Some of them also

31
received SAP (Systems Applications and Products). And some of them did not receive

any help.

Below are the top answers of the respondents:

“Sa gobyerno mayrion naman kahit papaano. May bigas at mga sari saring groceries..

pero bihirang bihira dahil amg mga barangay officials ay may kinikilingan mas inuuna

ang mga kamag anakan nila.”

“Mga mumunting rasyon mula sa munisipalidad.”

“Sa gobyerno mayrion naman kahit papaano. May bigas at mga sari saring groceries.

pero bihirang bihira dahil ang mga barangay officials ay may kinikilingan mas inuuna

ang mga kamag anakan nila.”

“Mga ayuda lang nung nagsimula ang mga lockdown

“Oo merong ayuda na binigay pero hindi parin sapat at meron ding relief goods na

isang beses lang sila nagbigay na hindi kakasya sa isang araw.”

“Mga ayuda at mga pagkain gaya ng de lata, bigas, mantika at iba pa.

32
It will discuss whether there is a program implemented by the government for the

vendors of the tourist spot of Baguio City.

Government programs received by the vendors

20% 13%

aware
17% not aware
unware
50%
no answers

Fig. 4.4 Government program received by the vendors

Figure 4.2 Government program received by the vendors indicates that half (50%) of

respondents said that there was no government program for such vendors, while few

(13%) of them said that there was a program for vendors implemented by the government,

some others (17%) of respondents answered that it was not related to the question,while

reamining ( 20%) of them have no answer to the question.

33
Below are the top answers of the respondents:

“Mayroon naman. Dati bawal kami magtinda dahil wala namang bumibili pero ngayon

pinayagan na nila kami magtinda basta ipayioad ang health protocol at contact tracing

bago pumasok sa stablishments.”

“Oo. Programa na tutulung upang mabigyan ng pang araw na pangangalilangan ang

tulad kong vendor.”

“Meron, trade fare every Sunday.”

In this discussion the respondents asked on what are the usual activity that they did

during the lockdown.

Respondents usual activity during lockdown

17% 13%

17%

7%

46%

social media selling planting household Others

34
 Fig. 4.5 Respondents usual activity during lockdown

Figure 4.5 Respondents usual activity during lockdown shows that almost half (46%) of

the respondents said household, while some (17 %) of the respondent’s answer are

selling, few (13%)of the respondents focus on using social media, while others (17%) are

not answering the question.

Below are the top answers of the respondents:

“Social media, Dahil dito ang nakakakita ng mga possible na pagkakakitaan.”

“Sa panahon ngayon kailangan mo Ng sipag, tiyaga at diskarte. Kaya bilang isa sa

mga nawalan Ng trabaho ngayong pandemya , nag oonline selling ako . Maliit Ang

kinikita pero okay na kesa sa walang ginagawa.”

“Mag ehersisyo sa loob ng bahay para mapanatili ang kalusugan kasama ang pamilya.”

The researcher asked the respondents how and what did they do to survive the daily

lockdown despite the situation.

They have stated the following:

35
“tulong with family..tanim ng mga gulay sa paligid.”

“Kami ay nagtipid upang makaraos, Binawasan lamang ang dami ng pagkain sa isang

araw.”

“Kung may magpapalinis sa mga bahay kahit ano na ang maibigay basta makakain

lang.”

“Dahil sa ginagawang pagtatanim, kahit papaano ay dito kami kumikita ng aming

kinakain.”

“Unang una sa Lahat , pumupunta ako ng Kapilya at humihingi Ng tulong sa AMA at

nananalangin. Kasi alam kong itoy pagsubok lamang.”

“Nagsimula kaming magtanim ng mga gulay sa aming bakuran.”

“Online selling ng aming mga produkto, dahil sa pandemya na ito’y ay mas mainam

ang online.”

“Nagbenta online minsan o nagtulungan kami kasama ang mga kamang anak

naming,Nag dasal sympre.”

36
It will be discussed here if the previous methods have been effective in their daily lives.

Effectivity of alternative livelihood

7% 3%

effective
not effective
both
90%

Fig. 4.6 Effectivity of alternative livelihood

Figure 4.6 Effectivity of the alternative livelihood suggests that majority (90%) of

respondents are alternative was effective , while a few (7%) of the respondents said that

it is not effective, and very few (3%) said there are times that it is effective but

sometimes it is not.

Below are the top answers of the respondents:

“oo dahil hanggang ngayon ay ligtas parin kaming magpapamilya laban sa virus.”

37
“Oo. Dahil hindi nasasayang ang oras ko sa mga pamaraan na ginagawa ko at

nakakatulong rin ang mga iyon sa aking sarili.”

“Oo dahil kahit mahirap ay nakaraos kami kahit papaano.”

“OO. Dahil bukod sa Face to Face na pagbebenta ay lumawak ang aming market.”

“Minsan oo minsan hindi, Depende po sa siytwasyon.”

It will discuss how difficult as a vendor the impact of the covid- 19 pandemic is.

Degree of hardship during lockdown

3%

30%

33%

34%

difficult harder most difficult others

38
 Fig. 4.7 Degree of the hardship during lockdown

Figure 4.7 Degree of the hardship during lockdown illustrate that most ( 34%) of the

respondents are harder, while some (33%) of the respondents are most difficult, few

(30%) on the difficult, while(3%) are remaining.

Below are the top answers of the respondents:

“Super ultra-mega mahirap, Dahil emosyonnal ako tuwing naaalala ko yung baby ko

walang pambili ng EQ na diaper.”

“Mahirap, dahil kahit papano ay nakahanap si mama ng trabaho na pwedeng pagkunan

ng pangtustos sa aming kailangan para makakain.”

“Pinakamhirap dahil sa kawalan ng kabuhayan. Nawalan kami ng pagkakakitaan

nagging limitado ang pera at hindi nabibili lahat ng kailangan.”

“Mas mahirap, walang bumibili kung may pera, sa pagakin nalang ibibili.”

“Mahirap, Minsan may benta, minsan wala”

Hope and Expectation in the Future of Baguio City

39
The respondents were asked what changes do you expect in Baguio city in the future?

They have stated the following:

“Dahil sa pandemya inaasahan ko , Na Ang baguio sa hinaharap ay magiging mas

malinis dahil wala na masyadong tao na namamasyal.”

“Maging mas maingat lalo, nawa a maging gaya padin ng unang kahigpitan upang hindi

masyadong nakakabahala.”

“Inaasahan ko na babawasan ang mga nakakapasok na mga dayuhan at hihigpitan

ang pagbabantay sa mga border papasok sa baguio”

“Maging disiplinado ang lahat ng tao,maging matalino at mahinahon pra sa ikakaunnlad

ng lungsod.”

“Kukunti na ang mga turismo na dadayo dahil mahirap na sila makapasok dito at

babagsak ang kabuhayan ng marami.”

“Magiging mas strikto ang patakaran ng lungsod dahil sa patuloy na paglaganap ng

pandemya.”

40
“Mamalagi ang mabuting pag iingat sa kasalukuyan na pandemya, upang panatag na

susunod ang lahat.”

“Sana bumalik yung dati at mag iingat sana sa lumalaganap na sakit ang bawat

mamayan ng baguio.”

“Dapat Sinisigurado ng gobyerno na safe dapat kami sa nangyayaring covid 19 at dapat :

decrease bayad ng upa dahil sa kaunti unting costumer.”

The respondents were asked What is the effect of these changes on the particular

business in selling different types of products?

They have stated the following:

“Malaki ang naging epekto dahil kinakailangang mag-adjust sa hinihingi ng sitwasyon.”

“Pag nanumbalik na Ang Normal na buhay at wala ng covid. Mas dadayuhin ito dahil

sa sobrang linis na at tiyak na babawi Ang mga vendors . Dahil mas marami na silang

customer.”

“Mas dumami ang paraan ng pagbebenta dahil ngayon ay maaari akong

makapanghikayat sa aking produkto gamit ang makabagong teknolohiya.”

41
“Maaapektuhan ito ng masama dahil mababawasan ang maaaring maging customer

namin ngunit ayos lamang ito.”

“Madaming produktong hindi maibebenta at masasayang dahil hindi ito maikakalakal

sa ibang lugar.”

“Nawalan na sa isip ang takot na maipasara ang pwesto dahil masusunod ang mga

protocol.”

CHAPTER V

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

CONCLUSION

In this chapter, the researcher confers on the analysis and conclusion drawn from data

that has been gathered during the research

The lockdown has had a big impact on the tourist spot vendors of Baguio City due to

the covid-19 pandemic. The lockdown has significantly reduced the number of incoming

tourists that resulted to reduced number of buyers. Consequently, this has adversely

42
trimmed down the vendors’ income. Worse, some of the vendors have resorted to stop

selling and closing their stalls because the market has been temporarily halted.

It has been almost a year since the lockdown has been placed and most of the

vendors have been affected from the very start. For almost a year, they have been into

adverse struggles because of the pandemic. Some of them were able to receive

assistance from various government sectors, in which they mostly relied on during the

adverse days of lockdown.

In addition, according to some of the vendors, they were able to survive despite the

great effect of pandemic through online selling, growing vegetables in their backyards.

And because they have no stable source of income, they had no choice but to limit all of

their expenses.

In spite of the challenges and adversities brought by this pandemic, which has not yet

been completely resolved, most of the vendors implied positivity and high hopes that

everything will be back too normal soon enough and that the Covid-19 pandemic will

completely vanish. When all of these are done, tourism will rise again and will even further

boost so that vendors will be able to sell their products once again.

They also hope that the incidents caused by the pandemic will leave lessons to

everyone about discipline and responsibility pertaining to health and safety, and that

people will become smarter in managing every risk that would come into their lives.

Indeed, this pandemic has proven that health is wealth: if there’s threat in our health, lives

43
and economy is also at a high risk as what has happened and is still happening in most

part of the world.

RECOMMENDATION

The researcher will create a documentary film to complete the study. Three vendors

will be selected to appear and to be interviewed in the film. During the interview,

restrictions and protocols such as wearing a face mask and face shield, and maintaining

physical distancing will be followed. The documentary film will show and detail the effects

of the pandemic on the vendors’ lives, livelihood, and future perspectives. The film would

serve as an eye-opener for all people especially the local government unit (LGU) not only

in Baguio City but throughout the whole country about the challenges and struggles of

tourists’ spots vendors who are badly affected by the significant decrease of incoming

tourists (buyers) due to the lockdown and other government restrictions. The researcher

hopes that this documentary film will alarm the local officials to extend more help and

create more extensive programs to aid the vendors and their families in these times of

pandemic.

44