10.

1 If you have samples of n1 = 12 and n2 = 15, in performing

the pooled-variance t test, how many degrees of freedom do you
have?
d.f=25

d.f=n-1 (1n)
d.f=(n1+n2)-2 với đk 2n
a.
b.
c.
d.
t=3.8959
d.f=21
t(a)=2.5177
t>ta =>reject H0
10.3 What assumptions about the two populations are necessary
in Problem 10.2?
t(a/2) = 2.0796
(3.73,12.27)
d.f=7
t(stat)=2.6762
t(a)=2.9980
t(stat) < t(a) => do not reject H0
a. Mean 1 = 4.2867 c.
S1= 1.638
Mean 2 = 7.1147 d.
S2 = 2.0822 t(a/2) = 2.0484
t(stat)=-4.1343 (-4.2292,-1.4268)
t(a/2)=2.0484 => reject H0
b. p-value=2P(Z>4.13)
= 0.0003
292,-1.4268)
10.13 Repeat Problem 10.12 (a), assuming that the population t(stat)=-4.1343
variances in the two branches are not equal. Compare these results t(a/2)=2.0484 => reject H0
with those of Problem 10.12 (a)
)=2.0484 => reject H0
10.18 An experimental design for a paired t test has 20 pairs of identical twins. How many degrees of freedom are there in this
d.f=19
ees of freedom are there in this t test?
a.

-2 Mean = - 1.5556
0 Standard = 1.424
-3 t(stat) = -3.2772
-3 -t(a/2) =- 2.3060
-3 => reject H0
-1
1
-2
-1
b.
c. p-value=0.0112
d.

(-2.6501,-0.4610)
n = - 1.5556
dard = 1.424
) = -3.2772 https://www.socscistatistics.com/pvalues/tdistribution.aspx
2) =- 2.3060

501,-0.4610)
a.

Mean = 86.14285714
-126 Standard = 123.7004831
-25 t(a) = 1.9432
101 t(stat)=1.8425
126 => do not reject H0
126
250
151
b.

c. (-28.26,200.55)
d.
n = 86.14285714
dard = 123.7004831

o not reject H0

t(a/2)=2.4469
10.27 Let n1 = 100, X1 = 50, n2 = 100, and X2 = 30.
a. At the 0.05 level of significance, is there evidence of a significant difference between the two population proportions?
b. Construct a 95% confidence interval estimate for the difference
between the two population proportions.

a. p-=0.4
p1= 0.5
p2=0.3
z(stat) = 2.89
z(a/2) = 1.9600
=>reject H0
b. (0.0671,0.3329)
population proportions?
10.28 Let n1 = 100, X1 = 45, n2 = 50, and X2 = 25. a. p1=0.45
a. At the 0.01 level of significance, is there evidence of a significant p2=0.5
difference between the two population proportions? p-=0.467
b. Construct a 99% confidence interval estimate for the difference Z(a/2)= 2.5758
between the two population proportions Z(stat)=-0.58
=> do not reject H0
b. (-0.273,0.173)
o not reject H0
a.
b.
n1=250
n2= 201
x1=147
x2=35
p1=0.588
p2=0.174
p-=0.404
Z(stat) = 8.9045
Z(a)=1.6449
=> reject H0
10.36 Determine the upper-tail critical values of F in each of the a. F(0.05,15,20) = 2.20
following two-tail tests. b. F(0.025,15,20) = 2.57
a. a = 0.10, n1 = 16, n2 = 21 c. F(0.005,15,20) = 3.50
b. a = 0.05, n1 = 16, n2 = 21
c. a = 0.01, n1 = 16, n2 = 21
05,15,20) = 2.20
025,15,20) = 2.57
005,15,20) = 3.50
10.37 Determine the upper-tail critical value of F in each of the a. F(0.05,15,20) = 2.20
following one-tail tests. b. F(0.01,15,20) = 3.09
a. a = 0.05, n1 = 16, n2 = 21
b. a = 0.01, n1 = 16, n2 = 21
05,15,20) = 2.20
01,15,20) = 3.09
a.
b.
1.5625
F(stat)=1.21
10.40 In Problem 10.39, how many degrees of freedom are there df numerator = 24
in the numerator and denominator of the F test? df denominator = 24
merator = 24
nominator = 24
F(stat)=1.21
df numerator = 24
df denominator = 24
F(0.025,24,24) = 2.27
 merator = 24
nominator = 24
025,24,24) = 2.27
10.42 In Problem 10.39, what is your statistical decision?
a.

b.
F(stat) = 1.2995
F(0.025,15,12) = 3.18
=> do not reject H0
F(0.05,15,12)=2.62
=> do not reject H0
n1=15
X1=4.287
S1 ^2 = 2.683
n2 = 15
X2=7.115
S2^2=4.336
a.

b.
F(stat) = 0.619
F(0.025,14,14) = 2.95
=> do not reject H0
a.

b.
c.
F(Stat) = 1.3559
F(0.025,38,108) = 1.61
=> do not reject H0
df = 148
t(Stat)= 3.9742
t(a) = 1.6449
=>reject H0
10.59 How do private universities and public colleges compare
with respect to debt at graduation incurred by students? The file
CollegeDebt contains the average debt at graduation incurred by
students for 100 private universities and 100 public colleges, as
reported by Kiplinger.
Source: Data extracted from “Kiplinger’s Best College Values,” available at
bit.ly/1z39qsT.
a. At the 0.05 level of significance, is there a difference in the variance of average graduation debt incurred by students for priv
universities and public colleges?
b. Using the results of (a), which t test is appropriate for comparing
mean debt at graduation incurred by students at private universities and public colleges.
c. At the 0.05 level of significance, conduct the test selected in (b).
d. Write a short summary of your findings
bt incurred by students for private
10.60 Do males and females differ in the amount of time they a.
spend online and the amount of time they spend playing games while
online? A study reported that women spent a mean of 1,254 minutes
per week online as compared to 1,344 minutes per week for men.
Suppose that the sample sizes were 100 each for women and men
and that the standard deviation for women was 60 minutes per week
as compared to 70 minutes per week for men.
Source: Data extracted from Ofcom, Adults’ Media Use and Attitudes, Report 2016,
bit.ly/2emgWRk.
a. Using a 0.01 level of significance, is there evidence of a difference in the variances of the amount of time spent online betwe
women and men? b.
b. To test for a difference in the mean online time of women and
men, is it most appropriate to use the pooled-variance t test or the
separate-variance t test? Using a 0.01 level of significance, use c.
the most appropriate test to determine if there is a difference in
the mean amount of time spent online between women and men.
The report found that women spent a mean of 294 minutes per week
playing games while online compared to a mean of 360 minutes per
week for men. Suppose that the standard deviation for women was
15 minutes per week compared to 20 minutes per week for men.
c. Using a 0.01 level of significance, is there evidence of a difference in the variances of the amount of time spent playing gam
while online per week by women and men?
d. Based on the results of (c), use the most appropriate test to determine, at the 0.01 level of significance, whether there is evid
of a difference in the mean amount of time spent playing games d.
online per week by women and men
 Mean 1 = 1254 F(Stat) = 1.3611
Mean 2 = 1344 F(0.005,99,99) = 1.61
n1=n2=100 => do not reject H0
S1=60
S2=70

ount of time spent online between

t(stat) = -9.7619
t(a/2) = 2.5758
=> reject H0
Mean 1 = 294 F(Stat)= 1.7778
Mean 2 = 360 F(0.005,99,99) = 1.61
S1 = 15 => reject H0
S2 = 20

ount of time spent playing games

nificance, whether there is evidence

t(stat)=-26.4
t(a/2) = 2.5758
=> reject H0
10.61 The file Restaurants contains the ratings for food, décor,
service, and the price per person for a sample of 50 restaurants
located in a center city and 50 restaurants located in an outlying
area. Completely analyze the differences between center city and
outlying area restaurants for the variables food rating, décor rating,
service rating, and cost per person, using a = 0.05.
Source: Data extracted from Zagat Survey 2016 New York City Restaurants
10.62 A computer information systems professor is interested in
studying the amount of time it takes students enrolled in the Introduction to Computers course to write a program in VB.NET.
professor hires you to analyze the following results (in minutes),
stored in VB , from a random sample of nine students:
10 13 9 15 12 13 11 13 12
a. At the 0.05 level of significance, is there evidence that the population mean time is greater than 10 minutes? What will you
tell the professor?
b. Suppose that the professor, when checking her results, realizes that the fourth student needed 51 minutes rather than the
recorded 15 minutes to write the VB.NET program. At the a. n=9
0.05 level of significance, reanalyze the question posed in (a), mean = 12
using the revised data. What will you tell the professor now? S = 1.8028
c. The professor is perplexed by these paradoxical results and t(stat) = 3.3282
requests an explanation from you regarding the justification for t(a) = 1.8595
the difference in your findings in (a) and (b). Discuss. => reject H0
d. A few days later, the professor calls to tell you that the dilemma b.
is completely resolved. The original number 15 (the fourth data
value) was correct, and therefore your findings in (a) are being
used in the article she is writing for a computer journal. Now
she wants to hire you to compare the results from that group of
Introduction to Computers students against those from a sample
of 11 computer majors in order to determine whether there is
evidence that computer majors can write a VB.NET program in
less time than introductory students. For the computer majors, the
sample mean is 8.5 minutes, and the sample standard deviation is
2.0 minutes. At the 0.05 level of significance, completely analyze
these data. What will you tell the professor?
e. A few days later, the professor calls again to tell you that a
reviewer of her article wants her to include the p-value for the
“correct” result in (a). In addition, the professor inquires about
an unequal-variances problem, which the reviewer wants her to
discuss in her article. In your own words, discuss the concept of
p-value and also describe the unequal-variances problem. Then,
determine the p-value in (a) and discuss whether the unequalvariances problem had any meaning in the professor’s study
o write a program in VB.NET. The

an 10 minutes? What will you

51 minutes rather than the

g in the professor’s study

10.64 The lengths of life (in hours) of a sample of 40 6-watt light
emitting diode (LED) light bulbs produced by manufacturer A
and a sample of 40 6-watt light emitting diode (LED) light bulbs
produced by manufacturer B are stored in Bulbs . Completely
analyze the differences between the lengths of life of the light emitting diode (LED) light bulbs produced by the two manufact
(Use a = 0.05.)
produced by the two manufacturers.
10.68 The manufacturer of Boston and Vermont asphalt shingles provides its customers with a 20-year warranty on most
of its products. To determine whether a shingle will last as
long as the warranty period, the manufacturer conducts accelerated-life testing. Accelerated-life testing exposes the shingle
to the stresses it would be subject to in a lifetime of normal
use in a laboratory setting via an experiment that takes only
a few minutes to conduct. In this test, a shingle is repeatedly
scraped with a brush for a short period of time, and the shingle granules removed by the brushing are weighed (in grams).
Shingles that experience low amounts of granule loss are
expected to last longer in normal use than shingles that experience high amounts of granule loss. In this situation, a shingle
should experience no more than 0.8 grams of granule loss if it
is expected to last the length of the warranty period. The file
Granule contains a sample of 170 measurements made on the
company’s Boston shingles and 140 measurements made on Vermont shingles. Completely analyze the differences in the gran
loss of the Boston and Vermont shingles, using a = 0.05.
0-year warranty on most

testing exposes the shingle

g are weighed (in grams).

. In this situation, a shingle

yze the differences in the granule