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  • Барсело, Тачева, Делев - История На Древните Общества, 1992

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    Ivan Penev
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    This document provides an overview of a course on history aimed at students and teachers interested in the subject. The course covers major historical periods from antiquity to modern times. It emphasizes the importance of teaching history in schools by highlighting significant events and reforms. The document also discusses methods for structuring the course content thematically and chronologically to provide essential historical context and knowledge.

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    This document provides an overview of a course on history aimed at students and teachers interested in the subject. The course covers major historical periods from antiquity to modern times. It emphasizes the importance of teaching history in schools by highlighting significant events and reforms. The document also discusses methods for structuring the course content thematically and chronologically to provide essential historical context and knowledge.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    269 views203 pages

    Барсело, Тачева, Делев - История На Древните Общества, 1992

    Uploaded by

    Ivan Penev
    This document provides an overview of a course on history aimed at students and teachers interested in the subject. The course covers major historical periods from antiquity to modern times. It emphasizes the importance of teaching history in schools by highlighting significant events and reforms. The document also discusses methods for structuring the course content thematically and chronologically to provide essential historical context and knowledge.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 203

    I

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    3a . MHororrrncroBocTra Ha a crlrflnuHara ,,c.apa tcropns".

    Afixurer - Cootr', 1991

    I
    fpennou3TorrHrr o6rqecrna

    12
    1. CTAPOTO IIAPCTBO B ETUIIET

    I.I. B'bBEAEHIttr

    npexolar KLM ocsoBaBanla ce Ha 3eMeAenr{e r c(oroBaAcrBo npo,,3BexAar4a


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    t8
    19
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    korrro op.rHxrrpax oxpaHara, noaforBrx
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    ,, B qapc(xr xapev cc BoAcxre .ratiHo rrcro cpe ly uapcKara canplca yperxe.rec.
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    ( Ha ruloro xpo\o3o nonJ/t -r,rq ). rJ Hd I{.\.H. , rojaB., de,,re cavo;arJnHrK
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    nonoBtna Ha Aenrara no qrroro rM nporexeHxe, or rpenocrra . . . ! oa
    xperocr'{rc Ha xynurrrre3 I o6racrsre hp;pecr. Merx. tv:i. yayar { Kay, o.r
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    sa n8opeua. rxaBHxre Haea,rHxur r rpaloHaqa_,rnfiqxre Ha fopes r AoreE Er,{ne.r.
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    S. 98-11A. Cp. Xpccmatahur na uctnopuu opuPn Bo;roia. M., troreH Erurier u Haeants,rure ria ynpABneHtrera
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    IKHx:ar, Ha,{aiHtK na fopes Ernreil, np 6'!xea Ha r;o
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    20
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    -22

    t 23
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    aa e rpyra pa6ora B fopeu Eruner. 3anotseAra sa qapr Ha fopeH I Aoren Erxner
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    qapcxn yKa3 3a rrxHara 3aurlra 3a Konroc${r MxH. 3a Aa AeiicrB.r EcHqKn MeHec = HapMep
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    '
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    Ha HeQep'(apa . no 3anoBea qaprr Ha fopes l, loneH IV assacrsr: ok. 2613-2498 (= tls r.)
    Ernner He$epkapa. Beces na e xrBora.r M!. n ia Hcrouo 6naro xpeqxre Ha.roru cHeopy (24 r.)
    xpaM ca 3arrsrenu Karo co6crBeHoc.r Ha KonrocMe Mr.H or riec xeonc (23 r.)
    ur Apyra qapcxa pa6ora. necarar € nofl.aueH co6crBeHoplvrro
    xe+peH (25 .. l)
    Mvl(epuH (28 r. ?)

    I Xop-HerepKa+: elro or n!.Hara cr vnnrdrarrn' Hdrr tr ,o +tFroH o' vl lnstc xnhontrII arHacrrr: or(. 2a94-Ia5 (= 150 r.)
    Lor l?7? /lrr np. n. e Tr 'Fd r. rq ' n - Il H.d t rJo Ycep(a$ (7 r.)
    ' H 6Ji -{ d y1t.0..ii.r" / -iJ44c..'
    - .gartr-. nprb no{orH''
    r xonrocxr uor v ropto$rncrcir HoN. t.rn.ro{rp npr loie\nir iForr !a Hu ceBenHo or Caxypa (14 r.)
    - HeQeprpxapa (10 r.)
    ' Mru: rpe""o".u""."*u x nn.roporrcr!,. !!t, . Avotr
    fnaBeH ueB6p Hr (fnra My e 6M (onroc
    : IloM Ha nafltpEe: rcnMeHo aBauro ce c orrntxtrrHero r q,PrxBJr
    AxeA(apa hcecH (39 r.)
    YH. (10 r.)

    24
    25

    t
    astsacrde: ox. 2345-2181 (= 16.1 r.)
    rern (12 r.) 5r6noc
    Ycep'tapa (l r. ?)
    Mepnpa lluonr I (19 r.) !n.uots
    MepeHpa AHrneMcaO I (1.1 r. i 9 r. caynp )
    HeoepKapa firionn II (9.1 r. ])
    I
    Syro
    Ilnpeu npexodeH nrrziod, XXII XXI B. np.
    VII XI AxHacrfls
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    x ndMJM t..i.*
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    . AlJreo Ulo |. ngJ,n 4, \1 -1 Fp\r' LorJ.,1. I 'rq
    L. Borchadr Die A. alc. und 'ndie zdirlichE Fenlegui! d.s Ar. R.irh.\ der 3 vflschen Ccsch'chrt
    Berlin l9l7 L I-.-----.-
    L. Borclrardr. Dic En(rehung de! Pyramrde. B*lin. 1918.
    The Cambridlc Arciert Hisrory. Third Edlrion. vol I. l: Eanv Hnkrv of rhe \lidlle Ean. CMrbridgr.
    l9?r. p t-70. 1{5-207.
    F. Dtuhar. La civiliiarion de IE!ypr. phardoniquc I'!.i\. 1967
    E. Dnoron. J..P. L3uer. Sx[karah: ]he t'|o rmcn6 of Zdscr Crlo. l9:l'l
    I E S. Edwatds. The Pvnmids ol Fgypr l.i.rmo d$wrh. 1961i
    W. B Emely. Creat Tombs of thc Fi^r Dynrny Cairo rtrd Londod lcle 1958. I lll
    W. B. Emdry Alchaic Elvpr. Harmondswd h. 1961.
    R. O. Fallktur. The Ancienr Egypri.n Plnmid To\rs. O\nrd. lq6,r. I ltt.
    $
    A. Il Cardin.r Thc RoyrL Clnon ol Turin. O\nnd. Lt)s'l
    A. N. Cadiner. Egypr oi rh. Phiraohs. ,\n lntroducron Orlord. 1961.
    $
    H. Caurhier. G livre des ron d Egtpre. I Des origines ii lr iD J. lr IIIe Dvna{ie Le Cnnc. l! 7.
    w H.ll I n er'ucnLn.en /u \lJn, rto LnJ J-r '!tp' ,Fc c. B. i .n
    w Prrl.C- i\re.le hin A/.p'cr Lr.oc k.l. ' h.^,1.r\'. trJ.'.. L'' O!r' r t,
    P Kaplony Die Inschnlren der ilyprischetr Fruhzcn' '1
    Wrc\bad.n l.16:1. I lll Ill Dpar
    .l P. Lauer La Pyrifride t tlegra\. Le Crire. 1936 1959. I-.1v.
    J.-P. Lauer Ob oN v qry.!I1]!!:-!i C!ft. lq.rl) l'161. I-rl
    +
    S, A. B. Me6cr.Ihe Pvran T€rs in Trannrtion and Comnrenrlr \ew \o.k London - Toronb.
    1952. I IV.
    W. M. F. Peuie. Tlre Royrl Tombs of rhe Errli.n Dvdrji.s Loilon. 191)r.
    w. M F Peuie The \hkins or Esypr London. lele
    B. Poner, R. I- B M.$. \lemphn. O\f.nd. l9l1
    K sc rc D,. .hJr'.pr,.1.. p.,,n r.{" I.o/o. j"r-t, I t! tri{"
    K s.r rc Urrl.l i.l r. ,' J h. .c Ril .:
    '
    r A. \ 'r I p/ . 1r ."-t, } '
    K. Sethe. Urkunden des Ah.n Rcichcs. Lcipzrg. lS:ll lt)ll lUrliufLlcn dss rg\prsrhrn AirtnLms. l) 1
    IX
    K. Scrfie. Ubererzun8 und Xommcrtl zu dcn rh+vprtrrh.n Pyrsm Llenrexr.D. Clicki r. 193i lei9.
    I,IV,
    W S. Smnh. A Hisory ol Egyprirn ScLlprL!. and Pardfn! in rhd Od Kinsdom t-.ndon. 1'rJ9
    R. W"ir 'd .t - , I c D nrrk Pr'
    _R-ur' r'o
    I L . ..r.- 1,1- r .-.r. t-p... p i..
    R. W.ill. Recherches sur';L:r- "..
    la kc d\na{rc €r Le\ r.nrp\ prepharaonr!ucs L. cir.. 1961. I II

    h'
    26

    I
    2. ETIIIIET NPE3 II XT{JI. TIP. H. E. CPEAHO
    II HOBO IIAPCTBO

    2.I. B'bBEAEHI,IE

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    29

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    30
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    32
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    :
    35
    at4

    I
    ' -foopoabrura-ra
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    36 37

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    , v''^. ll.
    38 '.".1'i

    I
    39
    EAANIIC OT IPOEHITIIAIA HA CAHOBHIIXA MAII ',.Y rporDopsnr Ha AroH..: BepofHo rprr.
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    dapao4a.pebop^onop ExHanoH (t379-1362 z. np. H. e.). (Sandnan
    M. Terls lrcm the Time ol Akhenaten. Blussels, 1938, p.61. Cp.
    Xpecmo^omua no ucnopuu dpe7Hezo Bocmo@. Mockaa, 1980, I,
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    43 c6M seMxy no 6aqa x no MatiKa. A3 caM cR3AaAeH or BnaAerenr. no HeroBa Heoliaypa Axrori (Xcrx) tl
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    40

    I
    11
    xl
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    )
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    50. ,r8)
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    Xaxneppa CeHycepr II (17 + I r. cavnp ) 1897 1878 ycepvJtJ q\<Hrvr, Pzvrec Vttt t- I I 4lLt Ill0
    XaKaypa CcHycepr III (35 r.) 1878 1843 HeocprJtr-( (.cneHpd P.\ircr t\ rtq rl 4 It2l
    HriMapr AvcHe\t\e] lll lr< r I l8r) l-{r7 XeneplJf,-CLlcneHfd pr!r. \ ,x II 2t ltt1
    Marep!pa AveHeNrxer lV \8 r) l7o8-l-o0 \4eH!dp. (er-nrHnrar pJvrec \t ,2! r.l
    .Kt(Hn t\apo rJ t0s5
    Co6Kap, CooKHeOcr3 !4 r ) l-84 I7A6 Rn, XI-Vl B. no. !. e
    Bnopu nr"xooen n.pxoo, Xvlll X\ I B np H e 52' r. up !. e Frrner ior n(rcfix!hJ Bn.,cr
    XIll AlEacruti 1786-1633 (= 153 r)
    (60 qape B TuBa)
    xlv aqHa;xr: I78o - oK loui (-.d. l8r r'' 6aKv (= poox). xeMy Hnc),r (=,,qapcl(r' porir'). seaxec (= .,Manxx.). .,cxJlHU
    (76 qape B Kcorc B 3anraHara lenta) seaxecu'. xqKcoclj
    l?20: \rrKcocr u(!nHpar AsJF c B CeBeruxrruqHall tre n,
    1674: xuxcocu oKynxpar MeMQuc 2.5. BI,IEJIIIOTPAOI,I,
    XV rnHacrke: lb74-15b7 (= 108 r )
    16 ..ronevs \HKcocu B Ve\rd/c AFrl- c: Llleuir' gr)6\et'
    XnaH, Anons I. Anonn II, XaYYln) | ,! :tlr:l:-9ll* ." F I r-e i { ,o".hero r'r, s.' vocrs. v..
    XVI a;Hacrrit: oK. l68a-1567 (= ll8 r') ' ^Jlrrep
    r nLir\rdrrJ{vtr.I M..rR., rqlq
    4trrrrJ
    ,. i:,,,.',-," r..,:H\.,{,h r."}rnp{ur.;o
    (crpasucHa lnHacrxe xaKcocx, 8 xMcHa) l, ,p,,nnu., M".._ r,.o
    XVII anHacrlr: oK. 1650-1567 (=oK 83 r') y I llJr rJ, B.cL. {. H!.l5,Jryrh vo..p. .!r,
    (15 qape s TnBa) !' r r.renc. "", n.oa,nor iyeF{..,,., tv M,,r^c. j!o
    HoBo 4apcmeo, 1567 1085 r. rP H e K'd...h a. t3.fr..ri. t..q B . ln,,oon
    XVlll aHHacrxt: l\n?-1320 ( 248,.1 t. lJ'er..v.-..Kinsdu r A,r,., 4 tr,r,, t J.nr..,.,,,h flF.rccnrh Dr1_ir.t.\.:-, u rf r, A r t
    tt)5t
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    1567 o6eanHeHae Ha Erxner (usroHBaHe xlKcocx) ( arJed arscn. r' r|-. S,. i.;r N.* r-,t. lu.r
    IxecepKapa AMeHxoren (AMeHoOsc) I (21 r') l5a6-1526 J. aaili. Thr amJrn.' Ase Neq \.rt c)n
    J ron Be.rrrJrh Lrntr^uJh' nrcn zur o!rrn{hrn G!*cti.t_re or. j{e Lq Z\.c\h-n/( Ag}p,r,
    axenepxapa TyrMoc I (ox 13 r') 1525 oK 1512
    AxeoepeHpa TyrMoc II (oK 9 r') ol( 1512 1504 Thc Canbridge An.ionr Hkkrt -nnrJ Ed rion. v.t r 2. Efitv Hisrory
    oI rh. Middtc Ean. C.nbidg..
    MardDa Xarurenc\ | l2l r') I503-1182 197i. . J6J iir
    Vexxineppr I!r\ioc lll r12 i 2l r r\np r l)nl-ll<(r M.t-J'. I 11'11 \l.,n,d.h \<r \J,r. 127:
    A-xenpypa AMesxoren (AvcHo{xc) Ii (2'l r') l'150 1125 ' ' '^'c;i :1"' 'r' xh { \rrr D-'.^,' eF . \nlc ' J.n,' !hrru,'r n,o,ri.te. r. .o5r r.
    VeHxenoyDa T! rvoc l\ ('l r .) l 12< l lll (_ D-,.',,rc..\,l-k.,,rL L{.,,thJm., \'! !r mn ,lun
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    l,-rilrl' Rnoro\.i R.,m.-. r chr,,n ioi;
    Hedepxenptpa AveHxolen I {veHooxc) lv rl8 'I I lJ-0 l162 r- f:\'r3-oH) '.1"c.,
    R. y l r r H., ..,. R!r,..iJe,.a. .1,..,1: ,u-ae
    A*ixdnptpa CveHxKJpa II r3 r .B\npr lJol lJ6l '{h. 'r \ q \c n It rn.,.r. C.,ti.t I. L, d ts.J 1 rrtrt. \r d|]pn\chen pt-|tr w-h,end
    Heoxenpypa Tr rdH-\a\ioe (o I ) lj6l I1<2 J!, ni l.r.' P( .1.. Vurh.n. tv2.. I I
    Xenepxenplpd AH \4 r.r 1352 lJrB vttuJrr.g n..n'rtcrc ,ra .L.n R.!h. t<,Jen _ K4h. tars
    Lp,.,.temc d.,
    Ilxeciprenptpa Xupcv\e6 r28 I ) lrrt-13:n AA\rr,to!. 1)
    f ll"r,.1r trreFd.,1 ar ( h,.r,,t,{. utr,l !!*t,,tre d.. \euc, Rerchc, wre,b-Jen.
    XIX trnHacrur: 1320 1200 1= 121 r.) X. A ,X T'. FJn.-. J" Ih!"trna. H.r,n.-t .nd B,,ar.,pt{rt u,r"a r*9 i;, tgh.r
    MeHnerHpa PdMJec I t2 I I lj2n -lll8 i i,
    MeHM.pr CerH I tli r.J lrlJ I:0r t,rihh Dt Hr..h,ndr H:r-- uAflnr. uc,r..urz uti..tr..,:. HJmt,r[_\e"]o,\
    lclb
    Ycepvipa Pav:ec II toS r ' l30r-l2J- (t \..,r-(n I\. \it,\ nr rhr k r\ Lt,d.o rr\
    EaeHpa MepHenra{ (t4 t) 1236-1223 ( l N'm\ Th.h.. of rhe phrr,.,h_, t,,-i- ri;s
    MeHrapd AMeFrecec (o r ) 1.122- lllT c t,,r., n. t., \,! !t< R.m\.\ lt. pJ.\ stir
    yceoxenoroa CelH II t7 r'r I.2lo 210 r.l \ rt" \ 1 r'. r 1\ o. , LJ.r..1 r!-r r x
    r"} llon-li't L
    A-xenpa-t'--".A"pa Men{n '\ crr r'rr ru Ir Ir{',' k I trl,.. .t,c fl-e..,.
    ^r1r..,;
    \.\.i!,,, i,t.!,Lt lLt?
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    r).rr r,,',,', ,....,1t,t;..,,..,u, l r,rr,.."rr tr1..J, Lr.nr trr,,, rqnT
    , l ,r \. L,r., t,.., t.,; i .i.

    42

    I
    43
    r,r. sanaiiiln.reiG Eoii irrd fim-oi An;neii: Btunc-riif33.
    --
    W. Sche.kel. Mernpnis Nerakleopolis Theben, die episraphischen Zeusnisse der 7. ll. Dynastie
    AsJprenr, we.bdden 1465.
    J. van Sere6. Tne Hyksos, a New I.venigation. New Haven - Lo.don. 1966.
    K. Sethe, W. tlelck. Urku.dcn der 13. Dynanic Lcipzig Bcrlin, 1906-1953.
    -
    K. Sethe, Aecyptische Lesestiicke zun Cebrauch in akademhchen Unledcht. Texte de\
    I-LXIL
    nntleEn Reiches
    3. IIIYMEP I{ AKAtr
    L.'p7ig. iq)4.
    K. Seihe. Historivhe - bioCiaphiscbe Urkunde. des nitrlcrcn Rcicbes. Leipzig, 1935.
    R. Silverberg. Akhnalen. Tlre Rebel Pharaoh. New York. 1964.
    C. Sreindorfi, w. Woli. Die rhebaniscbe CriibeNelt. Glnckstadt Hamburg. 1936
    H So\ Suder,u Ce..hrhe r1J 4..\d l'6" 11. bF l' D)Frre Agypla. Cl.li-,la'
    '1"'
    J. vandie!. Rcflelia!! su! l'hisro-ne de Ia Xlle Dfnastic.
    A. Weigall, Tne Valley ol the Todbs of rhe Kings. New York. 1923.- Revre lisroiique. 1953, p. t6-31.
    A. \vei[all, Tlre Life and Times of Athenaten New Yort London. 1970. 3. 1. BTBEAtrHI'E
    R, Weill. La fiD du noy€n empi.e Ceyptien. Erdde ff les mdnunenrs er l hiione de Ir pdriod€ comp e
    e.re la xlle cr l3 xvlllc dyna$ie. Paris, 1913, I-IL
    H. E, \{intock. Tle Rise and Fall of the Middle (insdom in Thebes New Yo!k, l9a?.
    ErlrercKara qrBrrBaqrr He e yfiHxa,rsa clc cBorra Aan6oxa ApeBHocr;
    tpH6n rnrenHo no c6uoro Bpeve (a cnoper HrKor h(neooBarcrr lopn vanxo no-
    flrHor aHanorrcHrJ.npo n B ,pyr pdiioH !6c cxoqHu npHpolHfi
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    noAxoaqrqu ycxoBfir 3a xrBor. llpe3 IX VIII xxr. np. H. d.; xoraro';
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    p,n roBr eeprr r ocoSeHHocrr, Konro raBar o6nr(a sa Xa-la+c(ara Kyrrypa (no
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    llo/ulr,Pxufiero Ha 8ce no-laura6HHre rpr.a'rxoHHy caoprrxeHle. B ycnoBrrra Ha
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    44 45
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    E. s!llhLrlcr. (orpui de. insripbon' rnycle\ pre\JrgoniqL.! de La8a\' Oenere lr)56
    E. Snllhc'sir. The Bu\inc\ lnd AdmrnN'Jtrrc Co,Al'ondene und€r rhe XinE\ of Ut Ner Yorl 1966
    rTcxh ftom Cunei(orm Snuftr\. l).
    F. $ ll\1rcr. The RulcF of t,qr\L - I urnol ol Cuneifu'm Srudie. 2l l0F7
    E. S,llhcrlcr lN"ntion\ royalei s!m!n<nn.\ e rlladienne. Pari\' la?l
    E A \runc'. Mci'notomron Ong'nt. nhilr'lrlphi:. laln.
    4; CTAPOBABIIIIOHCKO IIAPCTBO
    r Sn,.ircr. Lc (o'l; dUr.NafrmL. - Rcruc d aslno'olr et d d'chdologie oncnralc XLIX. 1955'
    F. Thurcou.D0trBin. Die suneriscltn nnd akkadi\ch.n Kitnigsinschrilren t iPziB. 190?.
    F Thtrrrru Drnu'n R uLls Accodiens. Prri\. l9:1.
    A w!.rLnlL'l7. Prc+xrlnnic onJ Snr!{"i'1.rr. frin Nrlpur Ne\ Yorl. la75
    C. L. \r.''lh\. t r Exco\alion.. lud'l - PhrLJ(jthir. lq:7 1q76. I - x
    C. I $.,llui T\L Sumc'r ,. LDnoo . I!.1('
    C. L. Wooll.i, Ur or ihc Chaldccs. Lordo.. 1935 ifl Blnrx. vp xanreeo. MocEa. 196l).
    C. L. Woollcv. Eruvninnrs ar U., London - Bdrn. 1958.
    H. w'irhr. TIi Adninnrrrion oI Rural Producrio. in an Enrlr Mesopoladian Town. Ann Albor. 1969.
    4.I. BTBEAEIiI'E

    npe3 XX x XIX B. np.d.e. MeconoraMur ocraBa.ra s rneH


    aHocr r cronaHclarq ynaAaK. BL3npxeMaikr MecrHu.re Ky typHr4 rpaan:rink,
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    rBsa nox rx,tcc(il eNcflaH?l{q. Oute npe3 XIX B. np. ir. e, BasrnoH ce

    57
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    sapHe '"x J dcla0dT ntu
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    196. Axo HtKon noBpeln '
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    rB6rr ra6.
    201. AKo ron n35re 3a6 Ha MyuxeHyM. rp'roBa ra nperernt 2/3 va8a cPe6po' Tosa .r cnl:Feln R T,
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    13. EarH to(i H rir CnH\rxrrp. po6 ha Ban\'lnarNre. B3e)ia B cBor paqe or Cavcv,rlrHa (3ti r.) 17.19-1712
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    117
    Kon's'il'c-\rilr'n Erner Te l Dd /\' ( J
    '
    r''u'erd \ Cl'
    _ I a'dcn
    R. Boracr Einlcrrua! die 3
    lgbl'n lHJndh'\rnr\cr
    ch der OnenrJ brtr)
    H th Bo*(rr Ah''rcn l'bnqen l:l
    I Bnahr. A Hrrorvporiicat of Isttrel Philadclph'i lu)q
    ll:t--r- B r Pum' 'a6e
    I il'i'."r-"" A H^'.\ o" Po{ x"' e a }1012.
    t a R'inknan M e" l' dnJ \rudie\ r'r Kr'i'e B'ror\ L rxrto L_
    i' i s,";;. t"" L\JD1 ard Phorncir B'1rr' r!6r
    R,," ;i a,(ie. 3ld \x,'or. o An.a s)'k Rrne l06-
    i c,vamn,.. r* H r e\ Pan\' lq5rr Ddmtudr ro-"-
    i; iii,iiil ,,l:ri.i;;.'a* t e' rds o\ro,'r' ru:'a
    ; ;,,;, I a M.e. ne'hAsrndr
    -i;,.,',;Dre h h $hrn
    J"" FfleJnd' C$dr I<i'lcn lctc
    n A*vn"r Fa'J r.1,it' od w'L'hd'r'n r"-2- a-n l I'
    ' i ;;:1.;; i.ji,". e !F'on'e \cs \or' r"-5
    3 i ;li,i'... rne H'u,e\ '"-''
    "',: HdnJnd.rorr rqnr-.r^ P reD\h \r'r'r \r'"B ra3-r
    o g,,.t"n ir" Pn.,r.c''.'. r'H.n"rd"oir' lu3'r
    od lerdnenr 'orJn' la-n
    j:i H'
    i<_ ir,';-" In '\c
    Ii'r", r.*, i'dri( -nJ rudrril
    i::;l: i ii. '"dLd',n Ha'' ronrul ra--
    l 'ir"i'ii. ol. p"""'ii' o,. Pu N're'.h Jcr A re Du-er$ $ cn ro-r
    i rjlll;lii, i. *.-ri::'.,,y or r.r"rr l,nrroJ rdJncl r'tr. rn1d.r' rf,'
    i, sl'i-i.i' c.'.r."''..r, "tuns 'n An.:cn' r Unmu'n'' fen /Lm-J"h\^kn L'd El h'nen I nd lo'i
    r nhr., thc R.rt Dvndne.or r{.,cr
    I H Klcnecl. Ceschtrhre Svrien\ m 2 JahdJuscn! r'""1,.;'u.,,.,. lar\_ lo-0 | !r.
    I
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    ii;il c-."o" u;o K,h' Ah'r"en' zlr
    q M,,*;'i D. Phon'ler v"n :Li) \ Chr bs'"*'lri,;*;:"^.
    i, :in"""i,iJ' ii'llr'i .rr'q* Ju Peupr!
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    ,c,. i r Or.''.'l H*io. ol a*)r'' LonJ"n \cq \n't l"'11 r lonool-Ne!\"1
    i r. ioi-.i.'L Hs' vor Pr'.q';c "'l c(r'' 'u rne v"ceanaiJn 'ede'
    A Parur. N,nc\eh rnd Brbl on LonJrn lq6l
    A P-ro, Abrrhrm .r lon remp\ Ncuchrrel lufr'
    ; Panor d al Le\ Ph(nicen' lrns la75
    B'r:xo4 tr, ynaq'bK
    ih i;l;.;; ir*'."'.r r.'* ,t,'.r,trrr"iil,;:;nil.il":',':.i:'il:'-lT,u,!;o,l',:.1; 'lr.
    w Schrrmm E'nlciru E in dic i$\r lchen Ko rgnn(nr
    / Hlndhtrch .l.r OtienL,laLLr)
    M r,";:; r.;..i ,.1 'r," q,..*-' u Drr' r' Io'oon rur- r'rv
    HA NOJIIICHIIfl CBflT
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    ' Ge\(hi'hre
    i w.nn-*". lsracliLche und ldddche

    88
    6. TP6UKUqT nOJIUC

    6.I. B-bBENEHI'E

    Onurlr-qa ce cKurrxpa tsaxparKo o6orecrBeHara x !-r,pxaBHa !ercrBxrerHocr B


    xnacxqecKa fl,prrirr ce oxa3ua rpylna raaaqa. B nporreorigc pn""*uru q"p*u"r,
    Korro ce xapaKreprrupa cr'c cpaDHxrerHo xoMorerro, ri npo6rxeune
    "u sa crbnerxq
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    Inr'a3.reHxe x qlT^aBHrr crp)ar!px. Hapen c6c cao?BerH,r.c xM couranHx
    \crporcrua. c6ue(rBvBar B Hcnocferc,BeHd 6 r,iocr I rBaDre oroaHrqeHa
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    cxcre$arxlfipafie.
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    no.l!r., npofisBolHo Ha Koero e Balllara a\n a nor!'rrxa. ,.norric.. e Srro
    ca\ro no ce6e c'{ a6crpaxrHo aonrcxa noBele usrepnperaq!!. B
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    nonnc c repMflqa rya!-InpxaBa ce r3pa3tBa caMo eArra BaxHa qacr or
    ncropnlrecKara a€iicrBxrerHocr B noBelrero .p6qKx o6ulxH . Kolro o6lKHoEelro
    6xnr o6eautseH oT rp.acKlt qeHrlp B cpeauurero rra Marxa repuropu
    noBe\ero rpaq(r noi{cu ca npnrexaBarx rp,{ tcHU xapaKrepHx nep'rtr: na
    nbpBo Mrcro rrecnoMxMara Bont 3a otasBaHe x yr3-LPxAaBatse
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    sqq.). lpaqxner nonxc,6nil 3a poAHn x penxrtro3eH-qeHraP. Kox,o
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    xaro ioxa::arercrso ra roBa re nPrrBe,+i.rrr nperx Rcrr\rRo ''.' xr!.ripar crr,rrerxre no +!rn. I ro no enxH or Bc'xa Orna.
    n drrru rucro nul rlrr !c LcrB " h r L!!r' f 'n"r .'ranH{'xo\raHfBlur Hr ur_lal'a aoricNa 6lljr nojevapxar. Ha /rBaaecerara roArHa.
    HrHorr no\B.ueHrifl ut ilrpo slc\r' f '(' h'nf'r!rf 'ri \\ln'r'r '! r''!rl l.iirro arxHrHlre no6e:u|r u 6 rKara npu MaparoH no speMero Ha apxosra
    no"".tu.nu" cac crc.lHrrs qarnrrc: .lHrevroH. crtHar Hr .lrrdrrrr' !' nn ir ce 6ri.rr rtr\rrHarl f,Be ro,rrHn or Bpc\rcro sa rajr no6e,:a. a riporrr
    i,*op"i** Ha 6orosere. cref, Karo owHenoctcrcrncHo calltrc rBronn nlJrrrrrr tlilru ric'r. roraB. lax Orrr nprroxeH raxosRr 3a ocrpaKx3ya,
    u'ra r3oiipnreH KoH. toero cnofcr ' iro nr: rcrarroBcu or noroiprrcrHocr cnpr!(. crHxre
    Ta rn",.recree"ari Nxre.opir! Hr RoHH!urrre nGB'to'rr
    ',renirc"
    u,r,, ri n,,.,,",p,,.,.,
    x$r;-6pnr. noro6Ho Ha i.treroprtrta Ha neHrrtsoc \rnxRrL]rx rrLl r r craHaj upaH. uplB 6un
    ".',:', ", ""p.,;,,..,r,,,,",
    L

    'e
    98 99

    I
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    '.r,.*". '
    Hnrc nfrjlnmiKu npxclulara
    Il)()rorru. Proorara 6nia rn{. 're arrr Hr
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    1i"""pn'ru,ru riL
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    \ r.i.s qor"r 'r r.hpus rcn \rrnrp\' OIre
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    1.o..'. .,1-' n" nr.rri I'dp t'r' rpir;unon' ^p<6r'e ro +'r
    ',,,;',,.',..'.. Ir\rea0v nPrclorriq
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    ooi,re r:r,iereuptira roansa rano!nann Aa noArarar Ha ocrpa(r'T a' x BclrrrKn :;,,,':1' 'l:::ll: 'r ,n ,',r.,,. r!1,
    ce crp)sarlr rBl,pxe qorrtH! npLR, o'r xopara'
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    a ArrOpoH. Tpx rorrrHx cnea roBa. npes al\dHrcrDoro
    sa HrrKovea 6'!:1r' or(p'rrx .iK;;i;.r;;;_,lt.rii,ti,i::t';,i.;li,l,,ilt"ll,lli1,,;ij,11:,11,.,11..),,,1,,,,,,|,,li,,,1::t::,,,tiilj,,:i,,
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    r floncjlrn !a ce aanar Hsrett H! l(10 lyult or Har't-6otarxre
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    n
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    'lLr,rrl rurr'pri up(!, ru ts r 'rP\uFr'' Xrrrc rt,rr B"B BTB'rJ c 1"! '
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    L &)r,!lrxtr. '11,. (irrrl\ O\e'\l\ l[,]n.nJ$\o [. le7].
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    102
    ,\rn,'rpnKurcre'r

    7. UOHT,I'ICKOTO B'bCTAHI4E I,I IIEPCUTACKI4TE BOIIHI{

    7.I. BABEIEHI,itr

    BscraHrero Ha Manoa3nicxure rpanole cpeury A xir,Gqudckama .AoAaprw 6t,'no


    oT enoxanHo 3Has€HHe 3a Ha lapqff, flpoTrqaHero u nocneaqqnTe Fa
    i"oBa BacraHne o6pa3yBar 'icroplfiTa
    Haqanoro Ha Aarra nopeanqa or rporrBopequq Mexny
    an{HrTe ,l repcnre, xonro flpfixrlo,rBar oKosqaTenHo eaBa aBe croneTrur no-(acHo c
    Aa 4a AneKcaHAbp B A3nr.
    3a UoHriiicKoro Bacraste n nocneaBan'{re ro nepctnco BoiHu nprrexaBaMe '
    Ha c!6rrrsra B ,,I{cropnn" Ha XepoAor, Ko ro Morar Aa 6!Aar .
    no xparxxre no cauecrBo. Ho no-kp'1fl.r.{Hl,l Ja6erex(}r
    TyKnArA. Or orHocyrenso He3HaqyrenHx noBoAn B nepr+ep&q,ra Ha nepcrncKara
    ,xasa ce pa3BxBa aBnxeHfie 3a orqenBaHe Ha r{arroa3ricKrjre noHrirrn or
    ilcKoro BnaArqecrBo.3a xoero XepoAor saAll 3a(fioqesre eAnHcrBeHo o.r
    nqHrle cnopoBe Mexnt ApHcrdrop x Mem6are( (Herod. V 35).3a BbglaHuero Ha
    iqxre o6a'r€, rpri6Ba aa ca 6xn'{ Baxlu u peA apyrr rpnenHr. TyK 6' rpr6*;o
    ce cnoMese cxnHara (oHxyPeHuuq Ha Havxpaqr{re ce c}Luo roA nepcuncs Bnacr
    HHKI'ncrr raproBcru peny6n'x,t (Tup, Craots, Bx6noc). O€BeH roBa rpr6Ba at ct'
    no! BHnvaHye nocneluuy,c nepclrncxa nonrlrKa B
    tloHHricKara TbproBHr. I4 He Ha nocneAHo Mrqro uerre aa
    aa yrpaxHqr perDBaqo BnnrHHe Blpxy e[HonneMeHMre
    B lloHns. Korro cn qac.r 6xna noA BnaAlqecrBo Ha
    xn Pa3noxoxeHu xrM neporrc rxpaHn. Ho Hxuo He 6n 6rlno no-florpeurro
    npneMaHero H3 eafiH ..HauxoHarefi_ r{rr fi}x illeMo(parflqeH 6yEr Ha rapqnre
    ncpcH,c raro npri,rrHl pa?v'rpuun,e. nonrr qecKrre npyq Hu 3a
    asnero cx ocraBarB parl 'a c B r:r . Kone6nr{Boro u Hai-qecro
    BHo noseaeHxe Ha rpluxrre rpaaose. Korro He yqacrByBanu 81>8 Bacranrero,
    xa3Bartsan-ao6pe eaxHe& rpaqK{ OpoHr cpeqy nepd{icKra
    reMoHrt (Herod. \ 50.q7).
    npe3 499 r. np.s.e. B Mana A3Hr ce pa3flpocrpanqBa aBnxeHr{e 3a orqerBase,
    xox,qarro or Murer ! sannaurBalrro ycrorre Ha nepgrrcKoro focnoacrBo B
    naqHrr kpJn Ha {netrera lHcrod. V 3. \qq.r. Orrerrnrre ce or Hiq roHricKx_
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    c Doitrra id ,4oHrr. nare,r or polHala
    KoHrir (Hcrod. V 501. a 6nna 3acrpa'rreHa u or Boisa cpeqy Aproc. OcBeE roBa
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    dxo c. urcna6u cnatraqcx rr BoeHeH
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    r 3aooeBasne. n'cl.ra aa oqenee cavo c BoexHoro laaMoluue lra cflapraHrru,re Hda
    (sxornl, Or Aproc. Kop Hr. Eeoruq x or ereicKxre
    ltorro:x ce oqirl(R3 noMoi!. EruHcrBeHo Ar[Hl{ n Manmra
    nnr cl,luo fie'rxeeircHre

    104 r05
    Ha nepcure. xre aaxe or(pxro crpaHara Ha
    Axe\ierxaure (Herod. VII 115. 202 sq.: vllI 1: 43 sqq.).
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    xMana npelxrrHo c vsolrrqe' rpaloBe B nenonoHec (Cnapra. KopyH.r
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    ;Y"i#il""":'" 'eo''r
    ruj r "' n
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    rHerJ. \ o'JJ. Kord,u u np
    I ""P'"''
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    l,J''""-**."'o- vqu.ur'^ee "rp 'Ho
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    |Her.d'VlI8'25.qq')'..''-uoHlltlc\Uro
    cne! nor\rusBaHelo HJ qxt vexxY Pa3nuqnxre rpRq(ri norrcn ce (opeHenn He tsa nocneaHo Mrcro B
    <lhH'rc Hd 5dr"rH'Rr' no locrl"s tr*rJ
    HenocDetrcrBeHo
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    :Iil#;;' ;;' ip"^"",,
    u
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    Ha BoeHHoro xjlj naAlrorlr{e tsaA .qaneq no-Msoro6poiJH re 6e3lpaBHr nno.rn. CasceM
    ;.,;";.,",
    ti r IreFrMcKa,-.r";..r"","",i)l K.\in c. ,r,e, )12 ,
    parn era e (aprxr{ara s Arrsa. l(iAero Bnacru BnxrHre 3aBrcenr
    trxner 6xn npucbcluHehnn\u r'" l!H-u nukb'hu o1 rcuurparHqHr or nr6opnie. pe(n. or xpeoxe.
    np.H.e Drpuit npernttrel "':"I"'"i,.il;,jia Ispr ,rn rpr="'.,o r".e ( re! BLrBecieBa'rero Ha Bcco6|irre Mr{p rp6uktrie L}}oiHtrqr B fnd!a ce
    ai,na ;n"::jlgr,a x MlxerlHx! r' c rp'loner
    nolclHUa -J o5e[lHrBdr noa BoeHHoro p]kosoacrBo Ha Crapra cxr]pHo nor Bn rHye Ha
    'c noMourrn, kotro Ar Hi hpxrpeq o'
    'axpbrrx le\rrcroHar - ra rz npelnp elar or6taH renHa 6oD6a cpeury KcepKc no Bola n
    i; l;;;;';;;,p" i'..,t :. : ll:;.ili.[,'l"l; ;"fi ':.:'""[:i:,1: c)Ixa. B TepMonxncKffi npoxo! rapunre non oorarecraorti ua cnaprine4a Jleonua
    "p"- ", "",'1 ycnenx 3a l]iBecrso Bpe:lre aa 3alapxar nepcnncxa.ra Boncxa, a rp:bq(xrr dnor, nor
    lfi l;.l"; tl I'l#il ::l;""LlEi;: l+f;t l ;t:ut:: :',
    ;" :l^",,1'ili"i.r: (a\o p6r\oBorcrsoro HdHer 61 'rlBclBl,rereu jdj]6x Hd
    ceRepHxt dpq' hd FB6eq fHerod. VII )ln \qq.: VIll o \qq r. Taxa Tepiron 'iepcme
    l(par
    A, Hi Lr'lrrc' 0d d'ri]' ,r ri I
    ''
    jJxpenrl B 641l{rhcti. Ibpu'r'r
    .l.o:-i ,," _," q";,.
    rr"*,,,,;,;;; noc Aprevr{croH ce npeBapHann yl{petrrnr{ 6op,recR" Ayx Ha
    '*'kparrHr I cp,rdepH Bo<HH, enlHtsre r{ AoxyveH,fipa
    i*i"**". H. Ha,,,nprreHirre p
    "Y::;, ;;,,";",i no.or," rip, vi;,'o" ,r, cpexry nepcxre. lapBrra ronqMa
    craBa no''
    Fepcq Hc (e lLJro ra no'r'rsa peuJaBaqa 6xrxa 3a caa6ara na AruBa. Cnapra x Apyrore caro3Hxrrn.
    nepcnr< nrrrrr ororacHrrrr eP i'l'."ilil.,ii"ii.'"1'vt ri:- rr,. Ntope nocrpoen,rrr s: TeMrcroK.bJ BoeseH Onor
    n-oB AltKr
    "'""s'i 1,." r,r,r.,'*. " *"'.' ":f i'J;' ;:.1; "-:' l i;:' i1:"' Jl::il: Hdn" (Hr.r B (Jna!lH,(n oj uoH xur. q.rj{rxHr{un r rrnprorr
    n.prnir(ri +rol ri ru nprH\!rIr Kh\i 6"rcrBo (Herod. Vlll 8r.qq.) Korar,, eaHa
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    32
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    l2r 129

    I
    9. NEJIONOHECKATA BOIIHA (431-404 r. IIP. H.E,)

    9.1. BIBEAtrH,IE

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    C. T. Crilfiih (cJ.) Alrr ndor rl,r Grdr 'Ihe Mrin Problcns Crfrbridse. t966
    N O. L. Hihmoi . Al.\xrJrr th. Grr[: Kin!. Commrndcr and Srathan London. 1981.
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    A F. Srvill. Alc\nndrr drc Crr{r nnd hi\ Timc. LondoD. 1955.
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    rar(a r{ AHApoMax or AcnesA ,npaxHrsann tanaHrara HaevHx4r{ B i{15;i ;91",,;;"'1*;t:i',""::;l:'"J;." ::
    caulara 6o*na raKrrKa. n6pBara. oKono 25000 Ayurx, KoMaHABann AnApoMax n
    IroneMen, a Broprre, oKoro 8000 - OoKcxla. KoHr rq[re or uapcxara cBura,700 i-'#.,ffi ii";iili :t ;,'ruj, i:.:*t".y*i"i"i$ii;lii'.:l,liii',t",{l
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    Oco6eHo Ao6pa noAroroBxa Aan recanneqar ExeKpar H! Kotstsnlixre or EnaAa x Ha ;;:,;;r;;:" ii:r'l:i,.?iiirl#iil',$t'-:::',:
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    Haerure, oKono 2000 Ayur, a o-IeA roBa noxa3an n ornx{Ha ciyxiSa c soncKara cu B
    6nrKara. Ilpea Bc'tq(lr croqn o6aqe flo ycapare B floaroroBKara Ea ooaquHeHxre My Dbs Lac ., Zenot v|r, 6_ 10: om*oueHuono
    BoeHH orpcAn KHorrrri or Anapffi roBa 6nrn xpxrtHn, scucKo 3000 ayur, or jx,tapx ntha Ha cmoamd tc1,t
    rrx 1000 ay Il HoBoKpr{rrHu. ron nocraBar OnroH or Ksococ.
    OcBeri roBa re s:bopaxnnx 3000 nn6nnun no MaKeAoHc(rl o6pareq, Kouro Boaen jii"i
    AMoHtri' or 6apxa. Crnrrre Ha eMnr'tslre Ba;3nr3an! Ha 20000 d,anaHflrra, Kouro ,,""n i::,,';' ::',li,"ljilt i.;1"',
    "!ti,'";*._,;,1.;1"?i;i# Ffl :i
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    6llnrnoA.{xHeHn Ha Cocn6Hn. Han-certse 6x,'I c+opMxpaH r ealrH orpt! or rpaxx x


    iri:$g:::fl
    3acenHnqn B Eran€r u rexnn floroMqu, oKono -1000 lyrun x oKono
    2000 HoBoAolnnn, noa BoaaqecrBoro Ha AxoHud,ii Tpaxueqa. ToBa 5nnu cxnara u
    nroneMeit Boncxa.
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    Koii He 6, ce 3a'{yAsn Ha roBa. qe aBaMara qape losntrn x AHruox]. loliaro
    [roneMeri Bce oqe 6 n xrIB x He ce HyxAaen or noMoolra xM. 6nnn .oroB Aa to
    noaKpenrr. Koraro o6a'{e yMprn [20+ r.] x ocraena cneA ce6e cr erlxH i{anone,e|
    cHH, sa xororo TPrbsano aa uM Aa,lr aa ce
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    Polyb. XXXI, 18: Pur kano a.'daopune.l a peda a e.lrtHuctnuqecku' Hl::fu'


    aHcio'o ;"Tj,-H::J"i:"
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    Ao6poBonHo, a noq Harrc(.
    cc Be ro npe,rnpuerr
    Ha rpd'{Ha H}^ r. cneiBr (/ 'dnoBerrr rr''
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    ;;:;:r :'itij j\j:,i:ii:ili itrfit;, r#t"ffi ;"fu:.:
    aiuee no-vo,lsr srdr vy. KdHyren u KBIHr t l nurobplrrrrr npe-
    npare(xqr{re Ha no-crap t nToneMen, BoAeHx oT MeHu. ce do-\ aarrtr KxpeHerl
    qErxan xHsora 6xna Hrpacsaia cEnporuBara Hr
    1BnnaTdcpeuryHelo'3dToBalo'id|nnpIiencp"qoc1npe1oLTa3eHJlJ
    Ha Halex.qHre
    cKpeneH c o6urn xeprBt
    Bldcr {an Kupehd rirn ctirroqx r c dodt cx ornB 1
    Koraro nronetleri Blsparxj no Bcllrn
    li: :''"1.1"f.' r''i;l:i'x' ;,:i:;#;;l:i[-[ix #.lx:i: ir JHi ill
    roqKll, ceHarr,r, Ko;ro nPn3HM, nanHoro (sepaBescrBo) Ha f,erexa H ncKar 'r: Diag. Lot., Zatbn V , 12_t24
    flocrarrfi no-yMHo. o4e noBeqe. ce roli cav xax noBon ]a roBa. rrac]Bar rcKaHrrr:
    Ha no-Mnaafis, Korro caBnaAa"ls cac coiic,BeHxre lHrcpecti Ha pnt'rtHxre lc\rrrr.
    peueHrr ca Bcllqnocr B
    rpyrHre.3a aa xjrPautr \\renJ cBot'a x rd q pJ urrP'lrr' h1- r r"
    rboa ce npeacraarr lre npaBql nrdroretHire H- rrl(r,rdrnr nJr(,+r I

    lIt6

    IU7
    rroaroxaH ea.rpernka. iiii ie npnvrnrea '
    spela. ran Karo He Bperr H'ro sa 12.5. BIIBJTI'OTPAOH_'
    npyr re, n,lro ia ceoe ct. Ton o6a'Ie x He 3!ae csr3xoxleHxe'KaM
    HIrKoro, Tbi HaKar(BL Ha(a3asati npox3nt3al{t or 3aKoHa' 3alqoro
    cacrPa[aHtero I{ MeKyuaBoc"rra ca cnaoocrl Ha ayluara

    12.3. B'bnPOCU L 3A,[AqI4


    1. Xapaxreprupairre QopMara Ha Bnacr Ha lnaaox're'
    2. Haioger! npivu"'re :a 6aproro pa3naaase Ha IrapcrBoro sa A,eKcaHAbp
    cnen seroBa,a cMapr.
    3. Kox ca onperenqu'{r couxrrH . r{KoHov recR'{ r{ xytrypHl
    crpyxrypr Ha enHHxca qecKxre voHapxuH'
    4. Kou ca xapa(rePsltre leprn Ha enxHrcr qecKxre qaPcKt pe3taeHqtl' x^ no r l l-$i,ri:i*:rrj tr.ii.l,,,:i,r;,:, *:"r;r,
    H. Bcng,..n H...\c10,eej.r",... ri"i,_r."i-t ii'1..,']'i".li":
    li',
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    raxao ce pa:ruvasar rpaaoBe or crapxre rpaqKu ooxscu? rrrlH rvJ ltu.\Bi. r,rrtl
    r_ n_ s.,".
    5. Orluuere crpoexa n crpyRrypar apMtt tr ExHoro r.i h."; ;; ,"",', . , ,... . r..
    "..,.;1,1., "".,",,-.,,,,,,,,
    3satreHfie ll MqcTo B entHficrx\ecKxre abpxaBfl, ..5 i:'- trlr',,r..Ef\n, , "",
    ..,-e pr"r.- r. rJ1.'.r I J.n .,2/
    6. I,l3cneaBaiTe ornoueHtero Mexay PtM u enxHncflqecKrre voHapxatr cnoperr a.bbc\t' .Pel!1.rF .r-..n,.,c r1, r,,",."r. ,... t.n,,.n.n.,,r.
    nonH6hn XXXI, 18. c d,krr";!..,, ,.,1i{ Je.\.rc,,,r... r,... r":q,, r_.,. n,.,".,..,;.,;..",..,nrnur,:r. rvnr
    :,:;::;,,.:,i-..,,,.
    7. AHanrrupanre CToa voHrP\rq Kdrsu ca npJrr/cecx,rlL
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    i o,r\ .'!.r
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    12.4. BAXHI{ IATIT II IIOHqTU' X.,T,l.
    u
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    r!r'.'...lre {r.rrr,
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    ri/ia \-+ | JJ' ",,,.tr''
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    321-280 r. np. H. e. r oL 1,JlcHln.ru F(.1n.,' 11. !\,{ ir,t"n,:.n r.,.1 t, a LrnJn !7, "i'"
    BoiiHrre Ha araAoxnre ,r,,ni.,, 'i,.t\
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    HndJ\. Dic Krrrurnc\_rrcncii,.",. ut;j.,i i,.,i,n,liii,gl\ri;;rlil:".,i;ili,ii;1.1,:i,l;lll,",,h
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    3I2-61 r. np. H. e.
    focnoacrBo Ha A Hacrrtra Ha ('eneBK r re
    305-10 r. no. H. e.
    focnoqcrso sa nroleqexre qr0 Lr ne-
    lg3-323 r. flo. H. e.
    Auoreu 6r Clrrone: Baii-3HaqurenHxqr npeacraBlrrer 'ra Kxnt'lcKara O'rro
    coati' Perir Lr Cniti\rnn h.Ii Ariqud. pari\. t165
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    r s.n*,,i"'" l,i'li'..,.i,]."r,i'
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    w rirn !.rJrn$.. cnirizr;;"-i;;i;;;.
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    W \!rlbaik Tht Hclt.Dnri. world. tond0n I'rir I
    Brrdfo \t(ilcs. Ale\Jnr]lr rr! H.lllnnr ! $ortd
    $ill Ili{oirc Dot iqDe du Dondcrhe
    hcitinnr!tur tj:3 lrl r\ J C.) \.1ncv. lM)_ tr6t,
    AKaaeMst. AHr rollnalt. 6a3nreia. xopa. ropa ]opnKreroc'
    I It
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    ll]8
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    fpaAoycrpoftcrBes rqas ss Anekcss{pBt

    O 'ra*- ,pa O E"6*q*"


    IV
    Res publica populi romani

    @ x*"p." @ r".,.p
    @ ra.r*, reap,u O c,a*-
    @ E;,*-*- .p.,

    lm
    13. A:bPXABA It OEIqECTBO HA PI4MJI,HI4TE

    13.1. BIBEAEHITE

    Or V. e. np. H. e pHMcK qr HaDon 6,


    ocHoBaBJra shpry 6",,'.,; 'll:"1:"'" or vajlLA 6pox +aM"nxv'
    , bp\r ,L,pokoo6\BarH,,..;;;;;" ;;;;,""i jj'J,"i,iil,1.?
    l-';;;J;:;";:i:_1TX.l:
    x xoHrDon:
    noaKpena
    ;,vorHocac,oqixe,",.p;,...;,;;;;:;;Blacrlpae,rcBeroBe
    , ., ".-;;;;;; ;;;;t'"il:i3#:#; ll 3,?ii,ii'"";llxlil,#
    craoun,3xpdH'.
    iaMo ooeuraBaqa npeqnocrasxz ra noauir.
    :.:"::trl:,1*li.:_:-";_";;i #;i;;;::g:"iil,T,l'i;,"Bi.l.liili "l""XTii
    l"''']Ti"]"-ll?.1I""":""",np.,;;.;;;.I;|;;'.;;i.n
    u,,oro pn cKo ooqecrBo 6uno r?rrb(Haro or Mpexa
    ra BqpHocr, ooqKHoBeHo nosr Kalo- xlrHeHrHx orHojxeHu' rDion
    'aAlnxeHHq
    Harrc rr o :qq. r:
    rjru ;;;ft;;"";:111.
    caMonoBapxHoc.rHo.B.n
    R"pex"
    r^_fa--., -....^_ * ,--
    tr n aa oo:laHeM Hfir Aa cli flpencraEuM
    _,"";,;;^-(;i;;:;;;;;;;ffi;:fiiilXlH
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    Hc ''" sa Purr.xrra p*1;r'*" ' "'""4 \ni
    \Prv - IcrcHrJpHJ r:r ocrruBJrJ!Hrro
    ma)Krsncxoro nPaBo. Ntl HeBepoqlHa no"e' v o po""'r no'HaH"'
    '"'.."1"i" .""0""*, i'i"l'
    onperencr" r. no H . 'arJ
    p:xrr ruio npeQex-lpa HHro ro6dro I'KakBd 49.J
    ft"*ii;''ir;;;';"r;';';*; _6,,;;-
    ail;;;;;;";"'"" re slrnrpav a*o or peuirr'r dd ro \xpJcrrru lJ Jru irrpr:)Hdr
    Hd Hapo!r,rir
    ..
    -,rrp. "rc.,"BHx ,iopor ve^a) ,J..prj,L r n ,edL
    B rr l,rrr Hr nn(drr
    ok. .150 r. nD. H e
    ;ffi;"";;;,""; h ruri. qoseprN{
    no6e:+'Drsa FpH" vo*e u r" ' nspru xorr$rurprr HJ ,ehr r0)Bbl,ori, ntJso. iraul nr r2_rc
    ;;;;;" 1J
    rn c'p'B' lrr ce 361/6 t rJ0n lllr.
    ""-",
    :,;il';":";:;;;;-';koro dr cne'Bano
    'o - SnKoHlre Hr Jlrrl HHrt I C(Rcrhi. no
    #";"J;ir* ;*a;i. nar, 3apasero clr II MP '6nqan KaKro 'e o6nqau )lLJfic HJ nne6erre ru KoH!)r..uiiro
    l\/ I nn H
    M: Cice/o. ad fan ' VII S ir xupreqrlli pc.treHi,ra nd nrcurncnnc {oric,/yv {rtcbi ,c;rrr c.,
    ^-__lllll*
    'J BcH,jxu ,pdxrJHri rfopJtu\ R.,manu\)
    U qepoH Ao Tpe6aq i
    ctscev xaro xa npxcrejr' re r He c ,v ro'a\t nnrrJh( q I:-a:.o.:al-Jl:. c:!treoH'j'1 (rpaKx) ,a c],,]xn,rxrara:
    ii;;;; uje r-Heu A'] ! csarin !a (oHHxqecKor Ha claa,,a 3aKnc1rl.c
    ", "^,:
    .,.,i;;5d'l;;;;..;;,i, 'pcarBaHe
    "**"
    iil""."-'ii, ". o" vv 6uno vHoro ".i."'
    lpdro i(o roi{ rc oocnne c
    ,puxo'Hocr ri !o6pots"{Pn^q'"r' Ho B n c\rolo r'r
    nTor r'
    ;;;:";';;;';"*, ttp'"^' urc\ ce
    urBecrHa npv6bprdHoct o' '"o" - rrreH 're- 'rr
    rJrt U'ril. n. c:<n n1c6c. ror(, rJc.
    rpn6yu, !oOxrrrcr.
    .irc. Rurn nli, cuAUs h,,nurum, Llign,lu\. f;dc\,
    "ji';,'**S**;i:i'""t:iiivr""r::*:r'd*xtrrkr;''
    : i'Jil;;'il.i;;; ;6 ;;;.-r,--""'i'"e";"i'J:'.1
    lex. principcs viri

    no_aooPa or Kocro i:i1?i'',i:


    :."'J:J,':,"' r.1,5. 6fiEiII,'Of PAOrrq
    nru(rx qy oBoft
    ro dr He cnxpr\t-aa rr rL
    oHrr.r lop cr npeu dH.
    ee ry'58' rr vv6lJroraP U rpLxlreB re'ree e T{r.1,s,{ p,,{
    ;" i;.-r ,yJr-r, i, m ,-.
    ,1o,,|rq
    ;;;;i;;,,'i-"qardM ru,..ru." r-....,,,.fr*i i;r lnncu ..,,,.;
    !, r.,r,L.rs
    n'Becru. .

    He,'rara. '.
    nHcvdra sn or bpqraBvq "1,,,
    ,".,,-.:.",.
    IlI 1x l:,-'.I" B \ ji !r s \lr lr .., ,i. r , \n-^Lr rJ.r
    vrer. nn,'6.k!d r.-",{., n;.,.r,,.,, ""i,,,
    ",...,,,. ,i,,_,,,."
    | .l .)'J{' pr! ."r",,i ",. :,. ; ,:;. .;t ,:.,.'lr. . ., ,,,,.," ii,.:.::".i xi! i rrn. ,a.' .\.! r
    13.3. BATIPOCII ll 3AAATII
    pxlrcNxre oprJFr^r'L
    I Ka( Bnxla nonu6uu BraHqoretrcrB koHcrqrluhuHH' !ericrB crHocl
    Kdx re onperentr P/$$u'a oo\Br "
    c.*cei-e ooptiu ra !lp"dsHo \npJMeHne
    ''*";'i;;";-;;".",,"'r',, \eclo io npornBoPeer!
    +oPtru xohro
    ;;''.-" *on.'"';'''o""n vnpaBnets'e: 'o!et
    ".-;";
    i;,,*;;;.;"".*, e aspiasnoro
    - I IoRonKo a'ra,',,i' ga IlrroHhcHt Xanx(apHJcrrr '\ lr' 5.r\ clorBerirs-\-1' .I
    **i.i,i".-,l i," n;."srri r\l Lr' 'a v'croro ed prllN'q HJpon B IbpaaBFrr'i
    ,"*i.-H;';.,,
    l+rop'i.oouFcrBeHn^o!noi:r'1"111;'l,ol'::..:.,:
    ocxoaasn ao cloHparr{ recilIrq..oon tt H1,t't,rtt
    r4.PU-1..'r tv G-D1n,.,. r, J:;r,L,i-y:;.\ i,;; * ' ' ,,, ,-
    ' s. exl.rr,up$rre leKcrJ Hr KnrHr U|rLpoq rrr-r)r '' -::1-::''": ." .':Lr
    npouelic9 J U.'c.l,plrb.!
    J
    -!,r,njnr.re..-.,f.LJntJp.nLJ.L.rJ.njcrsm. r.;Ju\c
    P aL.. t. .i ,,, hu r.. ta i. I Jr
    B prrrctixre r rP4 rir \rr'. ' J' ii.\h,,qlj1..,.
    a.tin"tt tu rpl'rHocrure np"r <rl I homo noru\ t, <t.,n- \ch,rr1.
    ""u"rnn" ", ts U'
    '.,,d
    i(r..J|nJ t..,. .r ,. rt\ .ur1.n HrrJ\ Lrn- h. BJ L ui.t-.rrn. 19.2 7rr
    Aex_

    204
    O. Hackl. Die rcsenaonte servianisch€ Heeresreform. Mijnchen. 19s9.
    U. v, Lilblow. Das rdnisclre Volk. sein Suat und sein Rechr Frankfun, 1955.
    H. MolieFKarpc. Zur StadMerduns Rons. Heidelbcrr, 1962
    F Munzcr. R;nncne Adchp-nc'en und A'lcl.r'tr'lcn \rdrrgan loba'
    (. Nr.oler Lo'd,e eque{r. r Iepoque repLDlK"ine P,ri. ia66-19-4. l-IL
    C, Ni6ler. k niler de citoyen dans la Rone riprblicainc. Pais. 1977.
    R. Palm€r. The Archaic Codnunitt of thc RomaDs Canbrid8e, 1970.
    J. C. Richard. Les origines de la plibc romaine. Essai sur la lomaridn du dualismc Padcio.plibdien. Par(.
    narpruxafi cKn nne6eic(fi
    N. Rouland. Clienrel. Essai sul l influence des rappons de clientile sur la lie polilique ronaine Pans.
    1917.
    .eMencrsa i ceMeqcrsa
    A N Shearwn e Th. Ron-r Crven.h.r O\tord. 471'
    L R Taylo'. Tho \irr'nS Dh.k.cr ot rhe F 'mrn R.pubh.. R.nc. luor'
    R $e'nr'. Dor Br!'nn der romrcner RepL\''k VLn.\en. lodt

    6rBur po6H, ocBo6orcris


    or csorrrc .ocDo.uaP,

    !ecro6orBa Pa6orna cs,a

    2n6

    I
    KoHcrkryl[lomsr! yp.a6a ne PwcmD Penv6nnkt

    14. PITMCKATA EKCNAH3I,IC

    Marnclpalr 14.1. BbBEAEHLTE


    {
    3anoqHa"ra or Manxo nocenes{e, puMcr(ara A6pxaBa cne! rnroHBaHero Ha
    Y rcnrra aa ce koHcru?)xpa xdro cor|aHr cdvocrorfenHa Denv6rxRa

    f::.!::9!::r^., or 4e3 r. np. H. e. prM seee r{3naKBari Karo Bor(eH rpaa,


    Y 3a ortrop na oc*x;e ;
    :,.1:'.1i9"'1{ l"*."
    ,_": rl.ii.,
    nre
    p,o Barbo si: oi." 'arxH,
    n,rl;. vi-oi.:il"g;ilil;;";
    :j:",1 l11lclc.
    ,proBano our,,Lnro Bpuve qa Borosa. ia !d Moxe
    rr-r!.,ecx!r aB.roroM'a c,na. npe3 qenu, v B. np. H. e. 0,.*,
    ra ce yrsipaa xaro
    + n-x ?lJtu c",cc!Hx _o6,u Hp onpcle::,rr plvcKard shHUrHz no,xr;ia. i,pyJii".pis
    " Kor;ro
    noocleH parpyuJeH u pxMnrHHre Morn} qa
    lolcrBo,o cir no!
    'l )craHoBrr
    npe, 38- ,. np s. e n"c,reaean reirx vaao.
    Bbnfoc qororaea. Onycrouerfier'o or
    pa3pylraBaHe Ha p{M craHano s3Bec]I'o Karo z.L4cxamtl
    nap:iIe. ao.ngBy,Ml! npo'Dx tsa puMcxara nperesqni 3a
    '.!::.:!.:tl:"-l1!l!y:' ilvh:;;;i.
    Haq cpeq', I'{.ra,'r' (Polyb. I 6i II rs; i:, +; o;oal
    !l'-ol1q
    calien y'ryauauro 6ap:ro. Karo o6eax xn H; i,;;
    ,i ,j ,"it y"_r;;1"
    l 11 rh pJiidpa ,a npHlra,r rocnorcr -o My (r88 r;;;;;
    1:,.".:,.'...ir"'*.
    r. brrrolarHjre np H
    uereHaco,rcHo pJ,unp,saHe ;a Boe"HU; cl
    airner ](penHai"l. orHoBo pxM
    Lnx,. B nfolarxelrnc Ha aece*nern,
    ycx'rrc I cJ n rrre, R.Hro orBoeMe-HdBD(-ii ""a,,, ;";;;';p;il-;;;;;
    *:r.l ::i, i] i. l t,up!roBc. ii ; i' ii _":ii":';.I.":::?#il:. l:i", i.. i.*";:
    :i:, ir C.rer J
    t,r!ci" j a nu6erd c"",r,,v" r:sS .. io. ;. l
    ,en,,olca
    :.-.lli.l,, l.":,,. .nu,B. .i";n-ror|"r "r, or
    DEkN r r,rra,ur. *or.;,. A, ..;";";,, "
    rvie^ )r+fnrHunt nrrrr(
    !x ntjriHrel p/vcKoro rocnoacrBo.
    vealy pu\i I nld.rxriuxle 6unr raka
    B! irrr' ruroBotH.r cr.uD"ryrjcrHq Lllxenr rd uoeHHoro v(oenuaHe
    .ir.xJ !3)c]rJ"f 3-JL..aen,,q. orlcrHxre
    Io.3H'r!nre llt cccTara Ha or
    lllll...l1.r.ri T'6!f oirra,rasanr o6are u""rp;;i,,";;r;,ooio""p,
    Ha/r\1or!xe Ha pri,. Or Ap),a crplHa, Ha qreHoBere
    ;;;;"; "o
    Ha ro3,

    Br.'r cEnprBarrcro rtselo. ,v-'xperHa.T nra,;rengo, rltu nrar,pxa,,r


    !.,no,J, Ha! eq,,rrucrn.,ec*xq MdHapx
    1Y",.'-,l"llil1l"-l'1.:l:_.t_:t:,.ai::

    ., !rro*rt':'i,o or tiraru,. pr^, 3ae"r ;eoc:rrci x\;r" .; ;;;;;-;; ;;;; ;';


    ,rcrIrJr.rir:r r(,.1\orltrrr (pol\u la,) Itcrotsrra IllBaHperHo c,rjqn no3xurj, ce
    2m
    209
    sapxy elHa '(panko !oePeHirxpaHa cbrcrHH'{acKa cucreva c vapolrrr'
    KoHrpr6)uHr Cfiuurnq sa prM. Kaprare\ 3arv6rj
    Ha l4ranur, Kotro, KotsIresrprpanKr ce oKoro PrlM, ocxryptBana rocnoac'rBoro r!1y
    ,iHrenHo o 4orordaiuH c tpollb. I 6J ;qq.)
    I4rannncKurr BoeHeH calo3. (oitro o6eAutstBan PtM n narnHn,e (aro capueBnHa Hr
    rtrv. qonporyB. Heocnop'rvo nbpBo vqcro B 3anaqHoro Cpearrvib_
    Mopxe. i by xaro Bnq ran
    caro3a, o6xsaqan Hai-pa3nxqH! rPaaoBe Il perxoHx tsa I4rantt (rpaq('{ rpaaoBc. HacneleHoro or Ku prareH. AH;rcHpaHero
    8a 6lBuara xaprareHcKa C'qunn' B MHoro orHoueHac orno or rorqMo snaq;nr€ sa .
    rparoBe B KaMnallq, CaMHuyM, Erpypte 1r r. H ) i npeasraBntBan -;il;; -;
    6becnoco6en HHflpyveHr noa pBkoBorLrBoro HJ rpara Ha T/6ap QopMxpagero Ea t,npeiun populi Romani. 3" y"il;,;";;;-;;
    Ta(a PuM ce npesbpHan B mdonnHo PdrpacrBdur .c loueH QJ<rop " 3aaoBonrBan_' c lere.q'axero Ha ea,H nBecrop cgc cera:iyjqe r
    3araAHoro Cpea'3cMHoMoptie, KGAero AororaBa, nopaa[ trpeBa3xorc,Boro ct no
    JIHnli6e)!: (Becrolf, rproaaro ac crtirpa !r";;;;p;;;;; C;;'"".
    voDe. onDeAeneqd porfl rpJ I ccsepHodop kaHcKytr Krp rreH B cprBPe /e I
    lll r.
    Lne! 221 r. flp. E. e., Ko.aro
    ,rn Knn ur, rl,l".rrr*,';
    Kopcr(a a.nfuu""
    CapALHu, c.rasam prrMcx, lnaAeHnr,
    arrjapHu-qba,rux rpaqd Hd a,r6hp. KJprare,r' occosaH npron nPelVIIIF rP r'e
    rrre 3ano^qHa,'!a Ha3tsa.raBar nperopn Karo ryoepHarop, (Liv. xx 35;xxxrr
    6l|n raproBcKa "a
    penyonrKa. BbB BchoBHnre 6 rKH cperuy elp\cr{tl x ranalqr rhpu| 27, 6, per,20). Taxa ce poarli crire,ara aa pxut<oro ynpaBneHrre sa.
    Qnsuxrinccara verpono,rrr lcrua !a c6r!rae enHa CperPlevHovopci(a. r 6pr.B.k'
    riunepxr, oorpaaeia
    Sl"iillY'S,
    Rbmanum. ..!9"1i,:
    Kaxro
    ro v"anrxi ira Imperium
    BoiHa.ra Ha nrp peuxna c6x6a;;;; ;;A;,#;;.*;r,;;i"- i;;
    Han Hran icirq no.ryocrpoB. jaj(a kparl Ha nr,pBzr0 rvHn,recKa (DxMcko
    nonyocrpoB npel ocrpoBHre B ranarHoto Cpe! reMHovopxe qo CeBepEd {Opx
    xaplareHcxa) Bonfla hL0B)cv'cnelo oroers,arl sdrcq;aHe.ro H; puv B *eioBla-
    (Polyb. l, 10). IIor pb(oBoacrBoro Ha MecrHa rbProBcxa aPuc,oKpaq{t c re!reH!(
    Ha BoeMerc KaorareH \cne r !d Lu ulBo|osa H non rh rccKa nosxuqq norsfl,Ka Mdr<o no-h BcHo 6rirr
    FA hrroxa r! i"c,rerH,'r,1 Ha l."x.,xr ;;;;l;;";;;;;;; ;;ilr;;
    o' nrpso.ene;Ho:l'a.ieHre. Ho ta pajru\a or PHM. Boer{HarJ vour ra KJoiarets ' xJ ro Hd'txaBure "pi.
    ocHonina,"a e'rpxy HaeMH" BoncKr, Bep6yBaHIt np' Hvx'qa or rrlx6nt. HvvrAr'.
    paBHunPJBeH naprHbop.
    l46eDxs H fan t, KoHro 6 n HJnonslBahx nperrlho la )rsbp^qaBaHe rc'nor IolrHara 2)w np. u e. o:ra.iaea. (oHcrd.rHpar norn6un.
    crsorc xa Kapra.er B CHunn q (Pol)b I. 17. Io 40 dr)
    _loBa
    c"r[do 1P:i],r' rreH nlrrr B prrlcrara B6puHa nonrrrxd (pottb. I 2. l2: ijl 4r. foras,
    HanpexeHne Mexay lronnT,r'!IecKoro PaKoBoAcBo Ha KaprareH n Kaprarerrc(rri e HaMec'nx B U,,pfir. or apyrara crpaHa Ha AAp,arnxa,
    (bJ['qer re 6rrro ocaurecrBfinu EoeHHa risrepBeHqrr ! o6racrn. (onro cnara:ry Gu cdipara sa
    Ha 613.13 Hd r LnoKauxq Hd
    'cxipn'rret.
    peHxe Ha rosd cdreor Ha Br.c sbH CeBepHa ASpHKT'. te'reH're H: Bpevero voHaprle. Ho 0orrro ppv Hd rjroK ce ,porB;si Karo
    crna, ra 3a[aA tle B Herosa
    o6pa3yBsra flyKHirxfla vex.r) Bd,{H v BoeHHIr rrHclu}rrrr Iionr
    sre ua ceBepHofirarrxtcK're xe'rr raKa aHraxnpan'non3a. HoBx crrH,
    ceixoro prx"eoacreo ce H.!rpa"o B CeBepHa AqrpHkJ. BoeHHolo )nldBrJrlre ud' l re. ve 1a ab.rro Bteve nocjenepHoro BarnaxlaHe Ha KdprareH ocraHano
    6rno nocrotHHo cra{ioq'paso no RepxQepntra Ha KaprareHcKara !}pxaBr rJ rqx {Polyb Jl ll kqq)
    TaKa HanpnMep B Cvqmxt rpe6Bano aa 6aae rolabpxar
    PoAar ra 6ap(rAxre, sari-;3Bec.rHara OaMllrx, or (aDrarescxara soeBHa
    or BoiicKn, 3a Aa ce rapaHrnpa BoeHHara c!.ypHocr Ha ocrPoBa 'r sa raproBx'ra I c-roKpaqrrr! rr,pcrn rr raMepnn cBc carracxe.ro Ha KaprareHcKoro ynpaBreHHe s
    3anaAHoro CpeArreMHoMopne TyK QtMnnn'ra Ha EapK A[re nonoxtua Haceorr\
    :pur soBo none 3a aeficrB{e Karo Kormescaux, :u nper.pnenu,e i'clu,nur u
    (Poryb. rr, 1.13: trr rt. cneA *u,b xip,u.", ;.I(.p;-;._
    orqe noBetrei flocnoBx'tIHara oMpa3a Ha XaMur(aP fl XaH46at crptvo
    peHoMe Hi SaPK'lrxte eoBa qepli. xoqro
    Pv npuBHccrrl ill:l,l l1?9I
    rrMara lacr or xbeprrcKxr nonyocrpoB, P!^, ce vavegrn no lun:rouarH,rer nrr u
    a'l- ' onxrar 0a orpatshi. xat ,reHck3.r
    ,rravexNe:a nr6yxsaiero n, rypffg pn'.*-*"p'uretscKd soriH3 rPul\b lll po c x,a,rD-yonr (Pol!b. Il lJr. Blop"rd ropdpoHriurff vexry puv r Kaprarin
    PnMcKo-xaprareHc(tlre oT HoueHxq, Koxro ce pa3BxBa"rln Mtiptso B npoaaxxeFrrr e
    Ha Be(oBe (Polyb. III 22 sqq), npolteHnnn c p{vcKara e{cnaHrn' t , Hap. XoHu6aaosa aoiruo ryescraatiaua prxo c_iegcraue
    Crqnnur. C!6 rlitra oKono Mecasa (265) 4 r. np. H e- - Ha {onro floxn6 ( r napBara pnMcKo-Kaprarcscxa BoriHa. To3x m,.r o6a.je fiHnlrnar;Bara 6!oa tsa
    'reH Xzpr'od.r.I
    qa xdplr eHlrdra lapxJBa B l_1cnaHu, cneA
    sanpaBnn o6cTonHa olreHxa xoraro pnMrqHure noA BoaaqecrDoro Ha KoHcvrr
    Aflrfi KnaBAti Haxnynx 3a n'bpBH nar !3BaH nrannncKxt nonyocrpoB, Ha(px! X",otyOar. c el] )cno/HeHrre p,rM noparu
    3aBapurnr c BaopaxeH KoHOxt'Kr Mexay PxM x Kaprares, xonro or lrpea'uHll( CarvHr. Ha rar(ysasero Ha aoroBopa :a Eopo, ornpiren:r
    soeBorru r-r,q!-ra pnlyr orrr xav l4ranr, {potyb. JIl o
    carc3Hflqn HanpaBtn Henpt{ruHpnr!1t{ BparoEe (Polyb. I 10-12, 16 sqq.) napBrli
    prrMcKo r(aprareHcxa BoiiHa (261-2al r. np. H. e.). xoqro npoaatxnna Heo6xsatrrr -lU. t.'- 2.: Liv X\t 5_, fnnu I. rd r-,r H! XaH!6ri. a
    qHrro x npu.iaH'na orpoMHr 3ary6! Ha ABaMara KoHrparenrlr, no npnHlrxn ne 6!rr MePHo u,r6rqrHe'u r" rd. rncK r, ctsHrrr qr o1 Prrr aro,quoarero r't. re ce
    or Pnill, Irxro or KaPraceH Ho r6n Karo cxea yctoxtscsrr( clue.ro.r. J. F\np.\r,pqkurj vporuu6eu'rL.rur np,,,"",, rn.r"ueio tsd Ka;!d). jd
    orHoueHfi, nopa! cuuurttq u Be'{e n}I HrJdA ro Bui,r'l na uranxi{q're c prM yxpensan Morno Aa ce
    n(Ba cter nap8xre nopaxenxr rra ti3Becrll]jre jtororaBa Kar.o .,eno6€Arrr{! HeroBx
    npoalnxuna aa ce BoAIr ynopxro t c xpairHo ox€cro'{eHxe npt Krprarerr i,
    KacaenoAoyKpeoBaHeHa[HTepecI{TevyBC!u!xu' '-191,i:
    I:p" ra{nB.r yHrlllox'rerux yrapx (a.ro nopaxeHx,ra npn KaEa x
    acHara oocorr lra Pnv or Xaflr6n r:e ircr"rr: aa pax,,rarar 6o;ruaa
    3ala3BaneTo lia eIfiH or HeroBure Hai-MolllHl{ e3rocHllq,{ 3a no HararRdHo 8olerr avx na
    lra BonHara r3rnexAa. \e 3a P{v sa flapBo \tccro ij,lla Heo6xolx\rocrra :a rarrrrrr rexsere clF:lHrrur (potyb. ]Ir lt9 118: IX l_10).
    npen n!rrero
    Hacxopo u3BoroBaHara cn xerevoHr{t Haa l4rr-!!t. Kosro He 6u i-:ap^ara rrr
    HnKasr{ BaHrnHr yaapn.
    rf.q.cr r:r i I r'r!c^u o ph\uBo!. fDu ! .rtHqtiHa |J vcne\d hJ
    Kparr Ha napBara p!\rcKo-Kap-rareHc(a BoIiHa npot'eHxx xaro lrtrKoe :rplrtL :'.-","-.' -1t:fe,-are:,.!du.Ka.,,,,rr,rjx:a,raesipeurrre
    cb6t{Txe npelx roBa ocHoBrre B3an\roorsodellut B 3ana:rrLrrr '.\ p'bti.a roDw1.t.
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    qeHHuTe [3BOpt! 3a ItcToptuTa IJa prtucKaTa pely6ruKa.
    ;:;:;#"-;;i"-;" r,rr"-" ^-r1'r'ricrurrr'
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    ;'l;:i";;. ;;;.;" r7 rorr'r' Bo!,t-nxrFr\oDBxFr n nocrelHrrre
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    sce
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    c 6uecrB! B:1He
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    1. ce 16r' h|-.. H
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    ia;. * Hr nxrerqrt' n 3aroB!. 3'aer'ixrr npeABapxrenrro !c al{o BxArr ocsoBrrensa npnqxHa, qa flpeAyryeArr XaH!6an Aa crou HaAanetr or
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    H.nrnrru \ $.\,nn ii ,||Ji|nt|tl R:IIJ "orr
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    *'i,',.r..'",r" rur H-(c ! r \"ro n'r-xPHr! H ! lirrccurr (arrl
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    irs .rxap. orcrrnrairrrt flPejr oocro'rcncrsrra npten n oBof! c prr\!r'Hrre XaHHnar r, CrrlHr Bh1!oai. Hdx-66p,o 6rrn npoBoaeHu n\6nxn BareDxr Onai "."u
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    tt rpr6Bano !a orriAar B KaprareH, 3a Aa sacrorBar Aa 6}Ie
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    ;,,,.*,,,.--" Lit.. XXI 4: Xapamlepu.tnuQ Ha XaHu'at on pt^cKa zjedHa moate
    j0 Kofuro c:reA
    ''Ir' IIl \" I Mai{nH.. rpir roBa 3Barxrrre. orrr crr]racgfi c XaHon. Ho xaicio 6Hia Han:lecro
    -
    n r'l H rl rr lacr Harnexna Har no-Ao6para. Ll3npareH B Hcnasnr. XaHn6an
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    ',"',.".'*,ro "r*,';ri.''oro 'arxr'lxHc
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    -
    cl,rudrd fu t B uirrre. cLuf,r sljr H \uprr
    Ha ,3paxeHrero,
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    ('lciitllll9xKlr.llfeH\Ilre.n|Il1i!:.llllorrl.).Torlc:1cT3|r'a.
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    llirrl.HUr. rro Prlllo r!rrr liI1ll'rdrrrirl'
    ili! rrrIxr1tr. oclr.rr 'li)iirt r*ud. (oero opcqtJ, Undra "r BonH Urirc l(BM lo6poxerarenHocr.
    r,6rIrrr r()irrrrrr rPraiLl : crnr \' i] 3'L\lrr' Irtrr roBa Hr\w... 't| iobLr n. nfrrporo rrpuroacH ra snere rau-
    Itrrtrrlrrri rr r ir\! rr.rr rlr r,rror'rc;rc'rrt !rririrrr' :ltxl{)ro
    217
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    11r rdnost!93 h r"ru3a 6h ru rl\ uro Ilonrnrn M] nporerHan B or.oRop elHa ra6nuql(a c xrnncaHo BRpxy Heq cesarcxo
    a.," ,,"",,o"o""u)Bdr rqq ru F/1 n..cxhr 0tsD^d.r r f6uele cH p noerno^r ' Hd AH Ho\ !d q npo\ere
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    He xEja(l A,
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    aa ce aencrBvBa rp6rKo u )Lrp'lrro H ro nhK
    'nrdsano
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    " ""-'.,*"- xJHr0]n nr'1 Ir Hc'r'ver/!o olrroorr\- trpuoxrxeHxre c noryleHoro non!,1nii u3Bapusx He,ro
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    .;;- ;;;" ",,'.'" *".iv"r, "nacHU'n' oc(rp6xrcmo n xpanHo BxcoKoMcptso: c elHa ro3osa npa{nua: Koqro a.bpxa! s
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    ;;it;A"*. v'pd B \paHeHeto bo6Pd'Ho ccrec'seHJrd norpe6Ho' r' I He 'ropc nr.v^ru. rj rp6r.. AHruu\ 6"r opa,.H o.i ralr !tsn,oir. H"
    ' rr 6orLpcrB\B r' r.. c]en r'r3trccruo xoxeoaHre o6eulan aa x3nanH!
    :;;;" -".' rl'.uo.i'u* ron unpe'cnq \rro cBbTr rear
    ucxar prjMnrr{ re.
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    ;;;;;;:, rein. n',sorqa.r." "''"* "'"'
    cr<D
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    ;"..* - .'p'^"': IroreMen. Hr(onxo lsH crer rora. B ypeqellr cpoK Axryox, HeroeoreH ti
    lft;;i.
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    Ha re\era vrxn) i :i' iY:Il'
    o6neLloro ctr c tsgLrro fle ce Pa3naqauan or cBoure Bp3crrrxrlnr nrerrr
    oxer! Borlc'(nre.r o6pdrHd s CHp ! To,Jsa o no
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    ' rd\rttsJr3r Krjn6l vo{e uu-J1^ro nc oer(rH rojx o!rDoB or
    B 6 rkd. no ,lele I r "oril'*"'r P'elo'
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    *;;;;;.;i '."""p.'""' roRa Ha nl'urer H'van E ceoe cu H,uro pir\rcl'r F npareHrut tra nro jever no6e]te . I "l..nouu
    uenxrl
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    ;;;I;;;';;"--.,'**,,a6o^H"c1 """nx"' c rc'!' opore rx ru I nuTnr* rnr rt' crtn r'.b I ro rard rc ,rcpclso,o H.
    tr-10p)6an ''dpoqPrL -"'' tsih'rd r.,rJ oe HipLdr L, HeLdr,,. cBbT,iH! r nepccr vJNeloHrHre.
    i.^"ii, i,r"''" ,ioD \ovdHr)B'IHcro Ha
    '1'' {'l'L"-";:ll:- '''''" re ror,r cpxHarxre AreKcalupxr r Erlner ce rrlxrHaxr orsoBo yMedso
    ip"o"-. ," FoPurh r{ Btu'r DirrorapeHre Ha npelBaprre_rrrc pexrerrara ylacr Ha nepceii. AKo roRa He 6e ra(a
    Polrt' W 1\ P""Y na1 o4 8t ^Nnd "',ecr-r.i.rqocr t,s.c,Hol," AHrHox. ru c.rpvBaMrLe
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    -rr"""""'.. ';;ii;;"'. ri I
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    o.*,"'' .r n'"cx''" 'np rtv q ro uo ruro Bp<rPrpreHcr0 Ipr'p Rrtiro q t n1-.".,', ''r!nc"ru
    iii^i,r,, *" puvn'Hqre
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    I
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    4". Ha p$MntHure raKa
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    231
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    Dl! rJli\ch!tr aiurh!,L Dr.h d!r Schritre, CJrA udd vairos. Kiitn. l165

    237
    236
    A. H. J. OreenidSc. A. M. Cldy. Sources for Ronan History,B C 131 70 Oxford. 1960
    P. cnmal. Le n<1. dc\ sciDi.,.s Pati!. l!51
    H. Hrll Thr Ron..r Mrode tla*'n th. Repul'l\rn Pe'i-J o\loro l!\2
    W. Hoben. TcrminolL,Bischc Studien z! dcn Sllavenerhebrngen dct rdmischen ReDublik. Wiesbadcn, 1973
    (Fo6ch. z anrikcn skhverei e)
    F. B. Ma$h. a Hriory oi the Ronan world lrom l.16 lo 30 B c. London l9S5
    I Mrrnn. D'c P!oJt. en rn dr' Gc\h'!hr< der \r-'.n R"pdbl.k Fde'furp la4.
    Chr Vc,er Re. nJhhr, rnh- trnc \rLJ\' /L vcrldsult und Uerl-rlh de' \prcn Romi\cn
    Rctublik wicsbdcn. 19301
    C Nnnel. Litrdtu dqucnrc i IiFqu. rdPublic.in. {3ll 4l ar' J_C) Parn. 1966 l9?'1. I Il
    H, S.htreid.r. Zur si;inl lnd $ ;[hirr5g.\chichrc der \PNtc. rbmnchcn Rcpublik Darm adr. lt]7r
    H. SchNidcr. wtrNcharr und PoL'!k. Urr;ruhunson zur Gescnichre der spltkn .ijnnchcn Rcpublir
    Eianlen. 1971 (Erlrrler Sludicn 3)
    R. s€lgcr (ed.). Tltr ctisis ol Ih. Romrn Relublic Srudies in Polirical a.d soci.l Hinorv. Cambrid8.
    K. D. Whire. Roman F rn,n8 AsPcch ol Creek aid Roman Lite. London. 1c70
    T. P wisemln. No! M.n in the Roh.n scntrc I39 B. C A D ll London- l97l
    >t;
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    d.r Riinri\chcn Wrlr I. I Aerlin. 1971. 663 ff
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    J. \ir Oorc!l,cm. Crirs NlriN Bru\elle\. l!61.
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    H V!lin.'.nr srl'.. l\l '. 1, 'r' F r D(' \cr.' Je|nm' \'' R rLr'l \luLl.n lc<r
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    239
    2.]N
    16. YNAAT,K HA PI'MCKATA PENYEJIIIKA

    16.1. BABEAf,HIIE

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    241
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    apocroxpaqnr pro. C. Rabir
    Rabir.
    QnrypaHr B noturxxara Ha IO,t,{i, osHa,raBaro Ae +a(ro o6e3cnnBaHe Hr Po.r..ll f.i
    Posr.4l l: ad A1r. Vl]. -, o: Plut.
    Arr VII.7.6r c/(,. )0r Cass.
    Plur cacs.20r Ca\. Dio \t. o0: Val.
    Dio Xl,60i Mar. lX,
    Vdl. Max. I 6l
    lX. 1.6).
    rpyna r no B6rle{crBltero ct ce paBHrBano Ha nolxonaBase H Ha(par Ue:rap Mo.ar. 6rarolapetsxc sa ryecrxxa \pe3 BoeHHt
    ceHarcxoro ynpaBneHue. qyBcrBoro Ha 6erct{nne { ovpa3a KaM lle3ap xapaKrepr3n ycne\n (,"r .s.5,.rc) a npa3Hxqrre Ha tuaroxapHocr B Herosa
    qecr. ra nocras! rcKaH r 3a yBaxaBaHc cx x 3a clo6pa3rBaHe cBc
    paio BacrpoeHrero Ha crporuq oflrxvarcxr Kpar B ceHara.
    Karos, 3a Kororo pasnrlarara c Lie3ap craHana Hepa3aenHa c6craBHa '{acr c)1 cdor.n rocror, cfDu /'r."rr.\. Noero uqno ra r. nteBbpHe B aap!HHUeH Bbnpoc H:r
    6op6ara 3a co6c,BeHoro My nonurnqecxo yrB:bpxraBaHe (Plut Caes 14t Suer' Caes 6"! !tLLl!) ( ,tq"t)J I Bell ( i\ lr
    m').
    (-pr L!,p rJ H" Klac. xohru #rrqar q onrr...;euy naprkre it.n hrpai B
    3a aa rapaHrxpa 53 r. rt H e \ flurnLl x Uer,p orc..r6tszr. o ireear" epeve c,rer
    carteDpeMeHHo Aa ce npeana3x t HananHo Bepotrgo flpecnerBaHe 01 pa3naAsa"r. oNrnen ce cfloparlMr,r cGc ceHara x ra(a ,Bonxpa,
    crpaHa Ha nporflBHoqrre ct{. Ue3ap He npoflycHan flo Bpette Ha (oHcvncrBoro ctr. . Bcc on!€ ycncuHo qeiicrBaqru 3 fannr Ucaap (Plut. Caes. 28). C orneA aa ce
    ax,sBHara noMour Ha cBonre cbto3Heq! novneri tt Kpac o rtxHara KnxeHrejla. aa ct 6a,"H(r'nr n.roxell cru !J crpqvo Ue'dp. noirnerr r.orr
    ocrryplr Bb3rarasero Ha ynpaBnetslero Ha fanst 3a cpo( oT aecer roars! lsuel B H. rJ
    '.re n rDdrnr rq o6""p nu.r reii oc-aHai 6nxro ro pxv, ,a
    Caes. 19, 22i Plut. Cat. 3:: Crass. l4). Taxa rp y\'supxre ctxau ce cro6Hrt e Ia lroac !a NoHrpoinpa !a rreHr'l,p Ha Bracrra, a npeaaaesure My
    e$e{rM! liex"nl!]tI 3 qnnaxa:In xalo KpltiHara ilxHa repxropu' Ha Ueril npon'Hqrn ocraDru )ra vnpaBreRar M.rarm' BoeHaeanH,q! (reraru) _ peDeHne.
    rr rnp. s .fr ru rf| Apllcr r!r.rl"oT(ku\rn,BlFHueHarDUB Hruure
    Teiiiia {isatpnzd werc
    rexana xaro laMoxreB veq Ha! ceHara. Ho BanpeK{ cc npe3 58 r. np. H. c {P|u,..,". '. r Bc "u ..,BJ ro(rrp no U.r.t B Ktir u onrcHo norroiesre. ,a,xo
    noMnen. Uerap x Kprc Beqe Srrn pea rxitrpan'r He \cneci orHoBo Aa ce rrprMrpr c l]or{ren. ooA R bnpoc ocraBanrj x qecrork)orBrre
    carcJbr uv 6rn OsKrop B Prlc.ara penv6rx<, rparH"ro norrrrr|Jc flnauoBe (Bropx Koscynar), caMara My ronuT'j,{ecxa xaprepa.
    cKo 6breure I{a rpn}ltBnprlJ cLBcev He dnro 5e, npo6le!n flprt eBcHr\areH npoDar rori o$n aa 6]Ac ocraReH ' cau !.r ce6e cr. 3a qa v6xe-ra
    Kor(oro }' napalo(canHo aa rByqs. npernvcrBara. (otrro c axyparH(i norlr ra1 nt, r( ,c i np(uo !
    cr,rnacysaHoro noBeleHne rpxli\rBxpsre lcntsa-lr ra cx ocxDptl u.i-n 1t.1,u.r 'u r v.,o .-r,I't.' ocr,\.r parnona,dr or
    eaux ni apyr, B (paiHa cMerKa orcna6nanr i czurara creneH o5urara ryoepHaropcrRoro cri R fx-rtr,. B ro3n cMIrcL,r Moxe Aa ce pn36epe ipecxarara
    6a3a Ha rexHHr c!ro3. r'bn xaro pa3nperenetsxero ae'iHocr ! frD ..!er or)NaRaHero 'r
    rra Bepqunreropfixc "y
    (Caei.
    paBHovepHo. a npornqano Ha feprolx c par rnuHa rrHTeHr uHocr Ir nFlulBx\Br: '\
    Bell. Ciall \:lll). CoopulpaHcro nosero no pa:rui,rprBaxe Ha
    ae6dnaHc B .3'o,d. laca rarcrdr3 lr\rnepfq 13 ueup 6a3ara ra Bracrra Ha Uerrp. C roRa o6a\e ron noli:r.rBa,, re e roroi I cryvan
    vHorocrlaHHure 1a ynp3ats,3rqe 'uHo
    t]ovn"" c noroJpeHne. no caualJ npre Ha rr hpJ. ce onrrJ.r 3 (pc , ' I 1 .,.r\.rdH. (J ., I ie ,dp. ,{oH n
    50're roa H{. noevairKn rraBHoro (o}'a}LrBaHe B Crrprt ra npe.'.ror.,'
    'nnr,rsri
    sa nojlroTRrjl 3i!
    HepaueHcrBoro crt cnpe\ro no\rner'i. xoriro n3noi3Ba-] parHoo6p'rrHrre cfi pec\ftLr rt\nrrr:',/ o L, r.Irr.r' l?. r',, .:,,.
    BerepaHnre cr'. rr .ra )nprxHtBr orBpeve_HaBpcle !o rerr N'rrnp'i I
    'r
    243
    2-t2
    ' o+aH Ba cpeA p vci(arc u6uecrBeHocr (ptur. (ae,.2q.30: Caes. Ae . Catr. v I.
    )5). ( ryarerxqra Ha BonHara Ucrdp Boqe I or nu,rqrq I|.r
    csnara r rrposareHero ira np€MoxeHnrra My 3a floyrpeHre qrno aa o6peqe
    nporxBnrqfire My Ha rreMxHyeM Kpax. TaKa ce cr|rHajo ao Boossrr,reircrBrr.
    nposoKrpaHu or caSpaHara oKoao KaroH onnvarcKa rpyna, Korro noMneir 6rn
    ( rp.Ha Lorro 6}n. Hrii-vd.ro norro,seHr rd B.AeHeru H
    '{
    BonHa (Bell. Civ. L d. ),. npe! qaBaHerc {a Ue,ap nper p)6pKoH B o oBoD H.
    rnacysatsrr no uHxrrrarr{Ba Ha se.oBx.re flporrBsrqr senan$ contufuum uttitkutn.
    axr. Konlo noflJB , rprxraHckura /3heHaa3 ,r H Xoru
    tt oeq. npo/ rHeceHd 01 uerlp nper HeruBrre Bo,jHrqr. uvnepJ-oDhr o6ocHoBa.
    perueH eD cr Hd BotHard c npe.reoperBJrejo Ha ;cro;dra tlln ra, u,
    fl paHa Hd no rrruqeck le lty npo.rBHHuH (Ptui. Caes. 3): cde.. Be L Civ I:b: s,rLr
    Caes. l3). O.\-ar. qe so H uhe nocreqBan 6ejyc,oBHo np ,rBa ,a ,-uura H,
    aocroiHcrBoro Ha cBor rnaBnoKoManaBa4, ce aanxan
    K,lreHrera, nu!q6p,{dHx H DJIxrlp!BaHri B nponbnaHHe Hd li cer roalHr B
    LIr,dptPIut.a.es l5rf.r. ror nurrrea B cauoro Bpevc. HJ toHd rJ 16.2. noItrPAHL I,t3BOPrl
    KbM n'LrKoBoaeqa _ narpoH, Konr(o e
    Bps3Kara c AbpxaBara. Crea lpaL\lre npxBneKarenHa.ra cuja Ha res pubti.a
    6u'n :;:';i; ?':,i,*:::': s't vt't : t'Ku up,\cHu'un bp6u tu,ut.uslpan
    3aryoera rBlpae r4 cx x ]a vHo3ulja m ce npxsx3rna ro
    elHo rono noHqTfie.
    Peume]lra,a dxra ' ra rocnnncrsu Har pen)6nrkrra bce oule npL!!ro{.rd. , 5,1. Cxe! Karo cRr,pllr reu rrcrra , c\J c ,u6t''('.'
    -h,rnexaano,,{e ,(oHc\ J!,Boro. d"p,,,'";;-., ,; ; ,o
    ce ,asp6rua 6)pHo-o Bpe''e
    '" M,;,{,. U,"" c\,"csJI,r;^,.".;, "',,r:;;:.1"'
    !eiicrsrie I c rcrH/r )xac Bce ndx n\rdjo p",,rr*a o, rr,",,".,r, ijliJ;j..",.i:i;::,.:t;,"_iti,::r:liT':,i^"ltl;'tlti',;,,t;j",,i,,,,:li;:
    enoxa: Bcau{Hocr Mgoro npo6nevarr,{Ho 5x,1o aanr cxnHo pa3.r}pccHara or Braclra 6c r:voxrro n
    ;;.i:,.,il.iii".,'_i;
    Ha orqenHtrr qoBex p v\kr o6ruHocr d,r vorra roouJo 0J 6b0c bbpHrra dr,ra B "p""",,,p,,;",;,;;
    noiJarn o:{cirolerrara
    ap crohprrnuHo prBpH( rBo. no"q.xaua.: x,repnd.rBr
    [;;l:.tr:l::il""::l:l:r-0l ci,rpo}iBa Ha Ka.ros. ron
    raryraure raio Korcvj aa (rs.Lprrrl
    rnacsna: Ue3ap uir norynefi. CBoitolHara les p btica c 'rlrnc^rJ .pxyv.f . A, o;en nolx,;6,re.,; ;,;;;;-;,;il,;
    ,poa uuo,rerr *""::p::,:I"_i l1:::61arr
    rfo ce roscprBarre. etxH or Hcro8lre Ko e
    apnc,oKparqqetso6nxxriffexaa yoHapxxsecKopeueHre:penyorr
    "",,inNq npcnnrre .ir rplr(h ,, ,onJ ,,;;.'.",':,'".ro.t^r'rr c r!krrirrHd
    elBa npH Oapcana. qr rc 6f " ,ir, r ,l r. Lr,.uro
    b npo!ln^eH e Hd irelHpn rorrp uenner cpe!,rrcvHovop
    npeB bpHaJr 3 dpeHJ Ha oxecloreH re 6op5!r ve^q\ uersp H ic,oFrrre rpor uH U,r.
    'u,br.,J ",,;,, t ,';i
    :.1..1y-'",.,. rre,:rr ru.irrso.,po i,'".*",,., ",;;;:;;ill i:;lii."";;
    ,r,),+,. p;;;, 1:
    (]ure B Ha'{anoro ca Bon ard UeJap ycnqr Ac rdBrelre l,trrn,{q. (oqro ndriBHruxr.
    I;'ff:lij:" ".,,,,;;;
    nu.','," .,,i "
    My 6rnH npuHlqeHx ra HdnycHar (Plur. (Je. Jt-10: Be Ci\. t. t3-32i Suer. l)"'l' Kp'',: or -""',i; ror ".kJ'^"'.'.ri'or,"vr.*,,
    #:li1"1p;'T:^"q:r"6"' ;.;";"; ;';:,' ;,.il,i:'-"llX;l:l
    " "p;";;;;
    Cae5. JJ-J4|. novneri ce orler x, rd,,T;i.":;l::t :':: :t_- ..",
    !a ce onxra
    f, oacro rlan
    Hqkorc cynd. !r xrBoloBa rocnoDLrso.o cr Lsuel. c.e,.
    :;-,::,ji i.q,_,.,.,,
    e rro xpurn.., :i:r""' '"*" "p;;' n^";;;,:'J:i;;';
    ;," "","'").;;;,,,;:;;..iil';::r,"l"i:';,;
    15: Plul. Pomp. 52 ll.r U<iap. BbnpeKH 6rpJHe .'i::,1 -6:""':1-:-'l ll^ rrorrr ur n'a rxr rq\ rd ku,rcv.l ri ,,'sJ ,{J.,c,8H., 6;
    HaMupan B rexKo noroxeHne. HacmHeHx.re B trcnaH r rernoHx Ha no\itren orljx B
    rrna v) r He H ra rpecrerBd p, ddsHo ,nn brBauJllq ce
    npel Anpra-uka l]ovnen.,ro x cepxuJHo ,dclpluraBa.jH onct.J,rrdd ,L !,! ucrn b
    fa,lnc (Cre,. BeU. Ci\. l. .ltr. Ue'ap He ce oairr c peurcriiro.rr rr ce o rpaorr.
    xlM l,IcnaHrF. ra !a x,6erHe ofl.cHo"-r, or BorrHJ Ha rsd Eporra C nooerira cr
    npx roii npeolon| nlpBoru rpvrHo rpenq.Lrql|e n. rhrc is\ s. ,,rrd. C
    ''Inep!J
    no6eqatu Ha! apMHrrd Ha tlovfleH B l4cnlHrrr H,,rerHJ.rJ ondcfi:rra janra\a ur rrnaj
    (Caes. Bell. Civ. I-. 34 II, 23). Ao oKoHqarerHo pa3peueHxe rpr6Baro ra ce ,q s cBot lpaf
    tsxaMourye, a BpaxecKara aplrrs qrcr ce parnarHa_]a ! c rosa ilvY
    Le L f\3.ro ',,:"i:n:1
    :"":i'",l:iT ,,e ecn rr "lrooi,c., n,,, po' "P""""*',
    r"'o;o Ha cBo' crpa'a A
    ii..,;;;; ;"",;;:;";;:i,i#,1
    xrxoarr Ha Boiisara 6r.{n peureH (Plut. Caes. .10-.t6: ponp. 66 73). no!ne,i 'l
    urxHan cxopo.rer roBa npr ce cndcx 3 r fner (PlLr. cde. .to. .J..
    D'o HLII. d f.r. C\rerK re c KaroH on.'H pJrvHcreH,r npp ylrKd s I eseoHd.\eri\
    ::il::-;li :'r:'l:t:.i.". ::.:r'r"r-"ii AJ, rvjrc rA . ., "" ;"; ;;;j;
    {Plur. cdes. 12 ))'. fioc.erFrre o!.rr6uH ra pen'6rut.nc;o.*,".""1i",,
    .LrporHBa 6u,rD HJ!i Hdripdq no\rereH c..e- o^ecjo,Je; do"B( nD,r \.1\Hrc B IOAH_
    l4(n Hrq (PIur. ( de . iol SLcr. jor 1r,,. Dro XLttt ;i is;

    21A
    :.15
    cLoopaxeHut. Ho Hail-Be\e nopaAu roBa. !c orrsri, Konro He norBonsBa ApyrxMy a:'
    ce uranfHc AocraBr raNa yaoBoncrB e x Ha aPyru xopa. Hrltora ce cryexro roBa 6rr Kogcyn fle Bn6yr. a Uerapi
    He.o.AoKaTonp!U3!q.ltHeToMvceca]AaBaTcJ]aH( E 5yrr. .re KoHcyr rirn, caBceM Aopx He noMHr.
    50 TJrrsr 6H1r' cbbp0xeHn,rra HdkapdnH rordsa Uer'r rr| 'ne're I O6jr.tcrra Crerar. orjrBeHa or npenr(rre la HenpxKocrioscsa. xa<ro s Kavnau-
    6n,,r,rpa,nnloxcErre-nH-nu\rneuIKpacrr !a rrr no{xPn norrear\ v{ avrrqrrorr cKoro nore. ocrlaeHo 311ArBaHe noA apeHna. B flonra lla jt]pxasara. pllnpcrcrx, 6el
    onn y-6eres. qe Ht^ra aa ycnec aa aocrnrHe Mor'l'qecrtro 6e3 rex n rnelan aa He xBapmHe Ha xpe6un nolexay l2UU(l rpaxjan!{ c rpx ts noBe,re Aerra. fty6nfi( rorre
    aacxip6ana xrro eaxHlrt, Hsro aPyru' Ue3ap He ce cTpaxvBai ce cneA xaro ce sa orKynHara {eHa: HaMajrn r c c^tsa rpera, Karo nyonr{.lfio ru
    rlFr!rrr lile ro npeF6Jrox!al. idJlulo n|P\f 'cHU nPeaynpe! x aa He npeliarar rBRpre foneM,i cyvn npx orKynyuaHero a oBire
    noroi,rr. *,' r,i\H01r np qrercr&' Inn u(.e xr.nrhe Iru Bc rrr' ocr0H'1x h ire AaHbrr[. Pa3laBan ureApo Bcrq(o, (oero My ncKaxu, a naK aRo Hr(o,i perrjasan An
    I asr!.rra qe \t\ ct!.ih rByBcr' Ja D.r lo e!nfJutl My nonpeqx.
    cavire cer,..rr ll h,,,(rrrHr. rJIrr-o HlrHho roxl A nbN ll^!n, rr KpJc no csor 'BnoBrAan Ha irHxropa Aa ro lrBrc!€ or Kypxrra r Aa.o nparq u rBMHnrra.,rlyrruii
    (r,oorrr)arH h. cNro|rrrrr cnup r,\'icHxc I rlo\r ce nulrrPlr i/. cn, cnrrnH x U('dp r Jly(yn. Koirro rpb3Ko vy s-brp rBarj raKa Han,l !c roi cav naA a,l
    o6,,,nrr rx nnrHoB( tlo\ncn He 6r'n sa xoncHc npc! Ile3ap. flo opeve !a erHo caAe6Ho Arpe e. UrrlcpoB Bscr Aa
    caorcBpeMeHHo rori Bnxa . qe Kpxc Pa3nonara NrcD{. a Ue3ap Ha /r'hpxaBara: oole caul,re leH. Ha ]rccla!uc. Ucaap
    npuqu6 ra sc" ! ce crpaxyBan aa He 6are cBaneH or rtx Har'l ylosnerBoptn oraaBtsartsrr crpevex Ia c!fiIr Un{cpoBoB Rpar nrrpr{x, nyon{n
    certsc. ror'l cc saatBar. 'le llle Moxe ra 81381'pHc Kno!r'ji - (aro ru ts.,nt.,Br' 1 eu( . HJ -(11 h. r,ir1)nxn- |r(r,{Ln ruBLr !J
    . BrfrrcrP e KpJc ire 4Porl Er
    '\o:cros cBUAerencrDyBa cperqy qrrara onorrrrHoHfla rpyrrpoB(!i ron rp,r6Rano /la nprrlne,
    6nr,,i!rBoro v) Orr rptCB.r.r^ n' ru rrrrrHJr H rq ocraHa nre I hrr rJrr qe ca ro no)rcropuan,{ ,ra \'6uc fioynei' ll ny5ntr,rHo irr Ha]oRe Raro lifirrr lropq
    ^plc
    aarcq no+nrc(o or IloNlneil x 6m yoeaeH. ec tle3ap c nprt3BaH aa Npae oryorHr rrperBapxrexHo yroBoper'r .l!q!. Ho He(ou or rivcJl:rrr 6niu cnovcsarn c-bB.l,prIl$ro
    porr. Tori ce crpeirtn aa fn npornnonocrABr elrrH Ha aP)r, 3a !a se Moxe Huxou o1 nTutr r,r.rr. "\rrc .ur,r,ri xr,\6 r lJre^rr rtr
    iqx nonrac,"rro /ra cc x3!x.H. Hail caNtlit Hero. Ton ce HaltBa.l re Aa 5Llirr ''o(to
    ycnex B: nptrSapuuor l1 -cnopea cryxoucre orpou'r,
    -
    pa$HocroirHu nportsBHnrrn. a roit aa rloxc Aa ce BB3non3vRa or nprtrencrBoro x\1 'r IofloclrrI{4.
    ;r nor\-' noqecrr x or aBxitalr' Hancrirua. Kpac tsc uen'n ctc clo'rir
    '-ionc",' e'n3.ncc(rneltrRL Su.t.. Vita Cae\., 23: Onnu.nat Gnna nno. t11a (?! \t Udap
    olluor' L|1.\'''.\ 'b
    h,,c IU
    clooPaxeHrrt 'roil nc(.n ra noNn'p'r ceHara ! H{tpora. oca !a crr 21. K'},v xpar ra cuoero (oHclrcrso. npcropfrc ran Mcvrn x Jlyllllt [oM utrn
    orlpara. a r Ka '!rc Ar cc noHFBU earraxBo ! Ha asere crpaHtr rr r' noxeran{ :a flonpcxlbprrr Bcrr(, jrcra rorxsa. tlejrp Bl,,]nrxfi
    aa c\rerar. trc ron c aonpnHccH 3a Heulara. (orro xN1 cc HP:rD,r. Ho aa rre ro PaJcrelBJHern r
    ".r r.'r ' .rr^,r'r riihJ. rl(jt rt .rH,
    ynpcKBrT 3t' cuo"re Hecnon)lin. 6e3nroaH! cDopoBe rori ornr,rlBa, ra npool] u rra. t{croBtrrr kuccrop 6Hn /a/lcH
    ' 57. T:rr.i noparx Bcx!lJr re3rr npn'rnHIr rprt ara cc cBr'pianr c nprrt,encrBo rro! ca! BaB Bparkr c HeKojrKo c,rtso npc,rynpcx,rcfirie la clvHt
    noi'exr! cn: rt ctPennxr ! craHanx rocnoaaPlr tsa aLpxaRarrl Ue3ap. C(opo cic! roBa ro o6B{Hxx HxpoAH rr 1proyH,qyrrun ArrncrrLi { cavo
    ce .nor)|rrtr'crrr norrcxl\' cll n norlllaBann eJnr or tlp\'' roBa roer(r creA (aro ce orHccar ro rproy|cKa Korcrre, lle,cp ycrrrn !! oriox{
    jlc(lnr nnu xii 6rrxo H)xHo- 3N !r lpexrrr ALpxaRara raRa. no,:rsex;laHcro cx no! cale6Ha'lgraraorroDopfiocr,;roKrro orcncrBy|a o,r Pnrr no
    lapxaBn{ ;rera. 3a ra ce norcxr}f Hcflpecrafl,lo ce Ml,.rcr !a
    o6B-Lpxe rxaK Brcrlr'.e \rrrBcrtJrH rorx!, cnc ca!,r, cc6e cr.
    5r.7.. !ir, Cd.l . )l): 3a ,1,r.n0 nojrnoyara, HllrrraHero rra oHern KlHfrAarH. Korro ce cLriacrBaiq ra ro 6prtrrr s
    ht) h.c. tro\reHr Ha orcLcrBnea iie3 vrroro rn \ry vrcrr, ucxrx or rir(or KrerBx, ra nop'l r{
    norBBfxrcHpc r, ruLiJ uiiL r,HHc
    r< "ie'tu " 'r/cvcHo
    '' Jr' nf6P
    exc!tlcBtsoc!e!enx'lciopa"rrrra!apo1a',loi Su?l., Vita Cacs.. U: na)H@rRaHcnb tu tr2iaw.kueho om 6t) z.
    crapurrrrnt 06rt'rarl..nupc:r xoiit" nler \rtccqa. Ko'aro 0rrn 6e3 +!car1r' npeA H'I" np.H.e. RXdy UBap, no.!n(i u Kpat (56 ?. ttp.u.?.)
    ixNjrq rpe6Bano aa girpnrr carrrr cn).a. cilerBaH or xxrirol)l Komro uHccLi
    2.1. Koraro o6a,re KaH,lxrarr,r 3a xoHcyn Jlyuxn Aovrurt ,BHo
    *'", ",'", '..,,",, . U,,i',\' nr^ ",",.' r +'r\! lL^r. H qe cxc:l (aTo craH€ KoHcy, ue ocRrqecrBu He e cvo.Har aa c,ropfi B
    En{iyx cc orurx.r Hntson rrc irlL3Hlr nr c. rrr(irxe cprnrl 'rorl
    reAocloirso letHne rlnlr nBi rn nl.ffolilr \rclKln.. oon'rrn!! np'l no 'orc!!r 'r !r no\rnerr B,qrKJ flnuBnHUxe fl rH rcLt,rx.r rJ nol'xar sropr.r
    rod.r B Herohara

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    'recnpaBer-rJrsa
    216
    717
    Han-cerHe Heurara crnrBarr Aorav. qe ceHarLr peuxn Aa npoBo!! (or\rxcljr 3r elsa cne! j(aro 1a oparop, 6Hno noKpyBaHo ot rDvnoBe I
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    Hapca c pegxTe U nonxTxllecKtTe My x +x,'tocoocK[ cLquHeHfir. xloepar ltoMner jd xoHcJn 6er konera. ra !a vo,{e ron Aa He ce Iovorsa IU
    fipeAcraBrtBa Hai{-HarrelHurr n3aop 3a ucropxrra Ha KacHara PuMcKa Atxrarypa,3aAoBonqBairxn ce c AareHoro My_ 6nno peueso cruo raxa qa 6rAe
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    t,lN 219
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    250
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    Mrcroro Hd Uerdp He 6 nocrhlri, raxa) d, npoveHH\ quroraBauHoro c/ pe-ueHrr\
    ^.,,
    n'.. ,p\ nJ.i1 r. r, n.r\:Jf. \t,\.,. -1
    r xoraro 6tx 3arsraH, orroBopt{x, a Ear! 6tx peu,t - KanHa ce se nopanr illr.r\. lI(,. - B n'\' n\. \ n,.tr rr..,, .,,i Lrn,,L ..l
    n.trr.p\. Ur'.if,,{ B l'. I'
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    nocTosHEo. Ho roBa Mx pexretsne 6e cnoMeso r or BeiuKoavlutiero Ha UeTap n or TJi' n U.-t rl. r '.a,i . ,..r,. r..i'. ,.t I .I
    a6nrd, nokdrdHa or crpdHd Ha ceHara 3aloqa C .l v''r'." l\tr.1 .' ..r J P, ! ., .' r....,,,
    pe" nrxasar,6narolapHocr Ha Uerrp C I )rr( '\,.r, llr'.f, ' ,r - r-'e \1,.\'..' t.
    ( .. \ ,.'., tr"' \"..1, t',, ,,. u,f , 1,. t,..,,.
    t,.r
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    16.1, BATIPOCI'I n 3AAAqn H, Bengrfn Cre\ir. SL'n L.hen und .ur. H$'n.ilri. , Klct0. sdhrirrrn 7ur rkc. cr\(hichre
    \lun.htn. l97l
    H. Bruhn\ Cxe\ri utrd dic nmn.he Obc^.hr.hr in tt.D r,lhr(n ]9 .t.t v Chr K1ilD. trr7l.
    1. Kon ca rontrnqecKnre npeanocraBKx l, coquanHure Saxrop', Korro I<. Bdchn3r. Cic!o. Bdnrnd Lnd wr JcL \in.r rL^ri.!on N!r tIct.th.r!. te6J.
    Ha libcrd re' PUblicl ,. C{rc.Dnb Jules Ca\rr Prn\. l165
    ' 2. norineu Benxkr rPorp.ius Magnu'r' nponvcHatxtr urHc Hd Pen)drHKdl t H C,,I n). C.tr .r rrn rlc C!trtrnrr t,l I tr, l1,!!r llsunr .1. 1,155. l.li l6i
    Ha uei3p !a L€ ocle M. C.l-r P.,ri,'A \r-,h". r,ri
    L Kou ca pajtsouoPajH'rre +aKroph. rr
    llt Cclz.r. cxr;r. dcr Poik.r und s{r6nrin
    tra nocerHe KrM BnacTTr? M. Gtlze. (r..ru u l Ctr.\xr Wc\hrdetr. t96r
    4. Clenentia Caesaris: ap,{croKprrx'IH-a cstlsxoaxrenaocr M Crrer Ci!cro. Ern bd!.rDlri\chcr v.^uch \rid\hr{lcn. 1969
    nporpaMa Ha earH MoHapx? H Ce\cho. (J.\rr. DMn{rdr. t976 l[nrr!. d!r I,L(rhun! 5t)
    ' 3. lauo or V (r,nr. L .,' l-,ii rer,
    PajnpdBtr ja Blacrra B rbpxaBrll {fprxraHckrr' P. CrecnInlsh. Pompev. rhc Reouhliln Pn {.. (i]rmhr.. i9tr2
    sofiHuJ He BbrHrkHatn qoBH anrepHdrtiBH jd rocnoacrs)Baulsr' cncreJd E. \ o,1"1 P.trn.-. .,1 , LL.r
    E I u'u . _l! ..' C.11r, '.r'1, h.,T.,, 'u.t., ,r, .,.n.(
    tt..-t.\
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    'h! !rrJ'
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    L nJ, n tc1\
    a).\tr Au(rir! trflt Irrl tin.\ n'nr \rh. l,oLLr kc^ llrn n irr|
    16.,t. BAXHII AATI'I H nQHtTHt U. ltJrcr Cr.\a^ Fctd2trL. ii ai.Ll ri lsi-<l r ( hr ) i rh.cm Zu\rmm.rhxng mir tlcr nrtrrinni\clrcn

    60 r. np. H.e. lfDrit)lirk r* rh!n 6l uDJ 56 !. (hr fic,dcthrr!, t!56


    no,rrnnrr"c*u cbro, \re,{1v noMnen. Ue,ap r Kprc 'l rpn}vnIpdr) \l\., c.j.,. II.n.',h. ,!J t.. p11/ Lr-. t,rt.,L\ \,.,,-.,rtr,. .i/
    59 r np.H.e. lrncc I ':.' J tr ,!.", ta I
    roxcv,ri*o sa f lonxti Uerap x M KJlnlpHfln Brd\n PJrd JuL!, Cc., r PJnr I,hr
    58-49 r. M Rnmhrud CirJron .r t'hr()re n)hrn! trir\. te5l
    npoxoscyjl B rann, D Rsns\cn rHhg l. (.'.\rr D{rm{rdr. 113| rW! c {ir Fd^.hrDs lt)
    Ue3ap
    55
    -
    r. nD.n.e. D. R S.hrcll.t,r Bai!! ( rrnr. Loildr. le7t.
    R. E. Smnh Scnicc n rh! Po!.It!rian ttom!n Armv. \Ju.h.!cr. tr5,r
    ros.rairso sa rH nortnerr u V lxurHrrrr Kpd': slrcdHoB'BaHe Ha ' Ltu' D .\ P l . .l .r .' n,. 1..,. ,. i'_'
    53 ..- flo.s.e. 5.mc RumJn R.\,,1tr'n,n o.rtr,r r!rc
    \.nr AR.',' n r \1.1(n 1' l,!'ir,' t' I tr-'a.a{ R(DLr., \ n!\ lenr
    Cv'p'ri xa Kpac B naPrcKara BoiiHa s\1. ror.,., ' r", ,,,. '. r,( li ,.
    +9 r. np H.e. R. TJ. - P,"\ P 1".. 1e \/c , .t.J tr(j.t-) iija
    1436YxBaHe Ha fPranaHcxrru BonHa $cl.r. r'J.-.. \|r1.tr.nk'- .'J,r p.'.'t' \La,rr,. \.r( i.J,nrc,.r.r A11t^.n,t
    48 r.
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    15 r np.H.e.
    Caesar dictalor perPeluo
    ' ,t4 r. np.s.e.
    YonncrBoro Ha Ue3aP

    Bcllum civrle. clemenrr.r C:<'"r* coirrr. drcrJlut perperro Dr\u' I l'r


    irnrJr0'or. impenum L\lrror,linrnun l<sJrL'. rc!nurn \<nrru! _on\ulluIrI d r'n' rr'
    lrjumpb. triumvirdl.
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    17. OCHOBABAHE HA IIPI,IHIII,TNATA

    17. 1. BTBE,IEHI'E

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    * xrsora Ha Cu,rnyd, eo,i,*,*-, ,",
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    271
    210
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    1.1 r. or H.c. Inp.r,itor Augustus Octavianus


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    212
    18. PAHEH I4 CPEAEH NEPI,IOA HA NPI,IHIIIINATA

    18.1. B'I,BEIEHI,IE

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    crp1rr)pr !Hr xn/crxaBr, paHard por,"ocp.auou"*oar,, r"pon".
    xvnepd,opci,'qr neploa c penlonrraH(xJri epa. geqHa' e_l'..- .p",",1"
    qe u'oeparcpc(oro speMe xaro uqno e nx*cHo ce ;"rar" Bne"arre;{ero,
    .',
    orqe"n, ki r o ,"p"^,.;,,;,p;,.;;-.;;"".;i;':'."",i,l:l;i;;;
    lq:^],.,,"",, px\icrdjr
    "r"r. ""r"y";";;;-;;
    urnocr Ha r,rnepri cc xap:xrepr:rp,.,,p,i,,i yp.;",
    'lcruprqra
    Bhr|'eLlqriorHorxcHlr'. cra6rr,rgocrersBbH;"ara"6nH,,Ka..x;no
    rof,eH rindH. o6'BeHur oi
    'li1"l:'" """** "".",';;;,;;";;
    -,"il."1:)" .He,uu.
    ,io<,n callano (on,,.,Hd ocH"$ Ha 14M"eb,.,".d
    npe,', BLri,Ko oKonu n!,nepalopnre i..,.o
    ". "ji).yi:.^"fil,iii:lll
    A3r] cr. n cxqro xHAhBMat "q"_n
    IrpdBleHfe r.'o.p,i. ,
    a]]eren. Noijro cL 6r,T vralpA
    :-i. i*;i;,"il,:li;'l'":'
    " r (.rio Kar i:i;.? ";#'.TJl'.:;
    t::,t. i:. H"
    " "";;
    -; d;;if ;; t;;;J:fl""ii#l:TJ.i;llilii f ;:il:T;li
    ) nprBreH eru Nry nrla.rHki
    -p,,,,,",,, ;, :,;;,:;;t; ; ;, ;:;;;l;::;,,:,':*Tll,;:"
    " " ff ff ;#Tl. # T#Ji
    r.rcroPuKa Ha paHHnt nPHHunnar. Kouro He xpuer cx k6v Tr6cprr srycr H- Fbser:r urknHrd B'reHHa luirt\ r. cc abn^H crr)pHo
    (Tac. Ann. vI s0 sqq.). r'r.c '1rH. (o'no crr i rd \ltrBr!Da nnl 0c(un[j ,1,,,.rva Jdi (nu]r),rr1 !J
    vnpaBreHrero Ha npvevHrha vy Kdnxryra 137-4ll bBlpu/ro r.'rJcrpo- tr p crpoe fi'rc orHorxeHre lexAy asopa Ha rMneparopa
    +anHo. Cre! qer,rpnrorxurHo BrdcrBaHe. rdoaxlepHo c 6oncrHerro
    'nonon)eHo
    iaoacreaura npereHq q ,a Bnacr n 6e4vHa vaHut ,a parroir leic'Bo Kanurlra lr{. lv r,.tq.. 'rr. yntJB.rcHrrro.rd Becna JH nTr.r/.[ro llJ A;r)(r,,"ur"
    crira" xeprrd Ha lsopqoB 6)Hr rSuer. Calig.50:58: CJ* DioIlX2q.b.qq:Ila\' popu clia ro6torer€x. pe+opvr Blrpe B crpasara yrpennarrc ra
    Joseph. 19, 105-ll4). Koraro cneA y6lncrsoro My B ceHara ce HaaurHarrn rtacoBe. lrnq{rc ca rra'i-MxHme ro,lKr_s nporpaMHara aeiiHocr Ha rrerouoro ynprBncH{c.
    xorro HacrorBarrlr 3a Ba3craHoBtBaHe !a Peny6nxKara (Suet CaUg 60) xMneparop- _
    .,ri .' lJ B(crlrdH. Tur ,'a-;ti. la.r.rqrrl Hr 6JlrJ (x. -r- r"""nr,.t
    cKara rBapAxr (npenopuaHaune) noena nHxqxaruBara ! nposaMupana nocneAH'ie noe.rq,.rr ( Lr,.rr- r" nopaar n,,e,rnrrra v. .vr,pi.
    xn" poqdraa Ha Kansryna 3a nMneparop (Suet. Claud 10. ll). TaKa KraBAqn [paBneHxcToyyocTaBaBplyc(aTaucToptl'KaToe]luH(paT1k.
    (41-5a) ce Ka.{rn Ha p MCKI" nMnepa,opcKr{ rpoH. Ton 6,{n erI{H 3acrap'Balr, aacxax cntr3oa (Suet. Tilus l0). Aouuu'aH (81-96), 6prr Ha Txr n rreros
    6onHaB n npe3npaH M6x. Konro o6aqe sanpeKlr Ec'eK! npeaBxxqaHre noKarai pxevt|lr(. nouen ur(jro,rxrerlHo nrflai'leHa. o e ycne rHa u]' uBn tro.r .ruKa. Ton
    aoopr 3anox6s 3a opraHnslpaHa ynpaBneHcRa lcnHocr' C Hero u ocBo6oaerrxre iurrnfl. .p. rqIr,'c pi r'! <p/rr- H fct.!"Hx, k brrrr.,r,rq, k).-er,r \.,:ruuu r
    Do6u tlib?ni) or o5Kpbxe rero M) qo6 n oqpclLnquo ttscku.U,H.,h..rie rrtn\ rsuer. Dor or. Ho n prv iro .r,qrc,u,1.,i1",,,.,,.,,
    ibro exeqnesle (TlJ\. Joseph. 1o.2. l: Suei. Claud 28 sqq' lc o6pn,vBarr ceHarcKa onorqrtrr. Ko,ro ce 6.pena.p"ury cx,uuiocr," uo
    rpa6HaKa Ha eAHo ,,Ka6xHertso npaBnreflcrBo", pa3npeaeneHo no pccopu' Ho cnopea loMxqnaH Kr,!.lBrol(plrr H rosu n1'r 6xjr acuxcrBdlo rajryrllc|ln oa
    MoaepH re Mar{a6n aeicrBauio Bce oure rBrpAe eneveHraptso. vncp:lnn'lIIJ.f"ql,nl'l|ro-p61to\t'lUlJPLlJ'l.l
    KnaBAr;6ItJr Hacneaes Ha pnMcxxt rMneparopcKfi rpos or oclrrroBeHxt cx cxH .Harr l\det Du'n lJ -1.r. C i.,o r18),f r ro ) fJqr<r, Lr., ,r,, ,D ,rIIr!,
    HepoH (54-68). Cnea nbpBure sanbnso nonox renHrr ner roABHx or yflpaBxeHuero noen krr^fire la nprHqenc ,r;rnfllrJ or cronrc
    uy, ror"o npeuuna:ru noa BnxtHnero Ha + nocosa-crox( ceHexa. KaKro x Ha utr.,Ha'i'cr:rpnrr no cJyx6a* ceHarop Hepsa (Cass. Dio LXVIr l5i Eurftrt. VIII
    nperopaaucrfir npedexr Eyp (Suet. Nero 35), ce floBropxno Bp€Mero Ha Ka,xrvni c 1).
    urnatr My ueo6yrgaaocr u 6e3yMte (Suet. Ne.o 2'7-42) EaHo HarpeBarro 3 norJrtr i' +r'rJ/rre o<.r(^H fJi lrrRLc IJ r.! Ln-.i,rc(rq
    3anarHrre nPoB Hq!tr seloBoncrBo cnoxu,lo Kpan Ha 6e3cxHcrBara '
    rhv tl J., e Be.n. ,,JH npult\.{r.,n ,i,,,,, u",,,r n ,i, r n,,n,,;,"r
    Hepos. C HeroBoro orcrpaneBaHe yracHana lorxescKo-KnaBAteBa'.a.rrlHacrrlt. +avun,r,ra cr, xoiro crjgar ceHarop (Sucr. v.\p. I sqq). C,,,r",;,;;;; ;
    cBap3aHa poanrHcKt c ABrycr. cKar: npovrlla B npouirola Ha !rHacrHrra npernrsuKrna JrGyanKo xryM,
    B npoabnxeHre na rBe noKoneHut cneA AB.ycf Ha pxvcK" {vneparopcKH ro loxe 611 6,r !o.no Ja cc npe,lrora.a. C a(roRerc rra Hacrxre or crpa a
    rpoH 6nnr AeMoHcrpxpaHr EeAocrarlqt x tseKallpHocr, Hcpo! nocrer'xre ocra*rl,r or pcny6,ruxarcrrr l'" ,j,""-"" ,,,,;,,,;;;.; 5;;;
    oi<oaxoro npe: qennt ro'Kicets tvneparopcKr{ nepxoa oaxrar. ce BbnpeKx roBa ",
    yHx'rro,{csx. Ilolclcro ccxaropn brJH npencr.Bnrc.lH rft c/u!{
    MosiPxxqecKara cxcr€Ma oqertna. ce aRnxd lra nbpBo r'tcro rptrcroKpaqr,r: h.\BaM or Vra. , u Da\1u upa-
    ,q.sryi"r 3qpaea ocHoBr Ha npxHqnnara rpaaoBere B hra"rtt n Koero orroBo orparrEaro rapacrsauo",,,ra,r""uc- ua ;rp"ni,n,
    rrooB Huxltle. qrK Ha uvneprqra. noqru H( nrrnrr Prv. a rar,i splr(a xlncplropcKxer ,rov sa 4,:rigu'Te
    r,iono,ryuno." )npaBneHue Hd eqHH KJrhrua nn Ha e!rH HcpoH XeprBule H' npx\rcp ja npo\retsxnrrc cc lexrlBpclcxHo o6c.rorrenc.r0a. farx
    rnoaHn'rHxl€ Ha Ilerap npou'!uxldrrr or cprBhtre.rHo vdnkue hptr or np iuerld. (fhr i I,.H rJr .,,r.roB
    Ha aPucrokpJutra B ca\t/t Prr\t. locrBn -o nprrHuenca tsIK. ifdcH .1r.' ntsnsxhr rM^r ,r\tILt:riit.
    Hero. Tpr6Ba caxro aa ce xMa npeaBxa. ce Brnpexx ctaosre Htjtrt iC$\ Dio LXVlll r. I 2l
    uvnepnrra, no-ro.nrvara qac, or ynpaBrertc(a,a Aeiisocr noqrH He 6nia 3acenrara Bpe\ter! tsa aro rtrpaHrrc rltlrcparoph.3ano,rraro crcj f{cpra n ravcp,rno B
    Tr ce x3BapDBana c orrosopsocrra Ha eAsa rpyna onrrHo tsTpv;lHo (aAapHrr
    aaMnHucrparopn xnx reHepanx. B6Pxy KoHro lopu e!'IH rivnep3rop ou n.rlur u rq1.rrtr -rrr ',rr .r. ,;1, ,r ,* br
    norH qa s,rrire. Taxa ce o6tcHeBa. '{e aopx B ra3x enaxa lmPeriLo Ronlanukl A Aur. l:1.6: Eutrop. VIII 1.2). Ha pH\!c(!, n!,tcprropckrl .rtoB cc cjcHrrH
    Morna Aa ce pa3urxpx u Aa 3aKp6rnd rePnropxxre ct{ MaBpxrasst. BpuraHrt n xxcHfie Ha;rBc noKorcsxe tlr.1a ja6ercxrrcrrl per{rra or !rK"- o,tBrcrHoB
    lpaxqe 6unu xrrp.reHtr xaro HoB'l npoBnHuflH r ropn apveflchnqr u:rp rpeoBalo 11 pHn Brarererr. ornclalr,( B LIrxv
    ce ornpaBH ra Prv. ra !d npxeve or pH\i!krq rvneparop kopoHara Ha cBocri or lracrr|aoro rt ]ero oiixfixrarr Dctr,rKx ()iirrcr ra ohi\ tur nnun.
    clpaHa (Cass. Dro LXIII I o: SLet Nero l3\' ptrluonrtrpaH,rrer\rneparopfBRrpex]rrara rlorurr(l.o6xrcc.rocxoro
    - CMaprra on.lqrle. 1\1r\trrJ H rnuDx' nnrc
    Ha HepoH 6Hra floctelBaHa or (r,pBaBo ntsrep\re4o Tona npexorHo
    BpeMe e xapaKrepl{o c nopeasua or rpaxraHcKx Bonqx. or Kolrro H.n_\tHoro a .:,H r,,r- r,uJ 'rt(A .irr.r rr c Lr^x
    or
    ta, s.r.
    H.nJBnq tpr,q
    :.I"'.h-.
    ynpaBrerorero vy e oe'ra{o oi ,,p,,crrrrocrra.
    nocrpaaa:ra llrarur. Te 3aBRpurlttt eABa Ko.aro BecnacnaH ce sa3Kaqu sa rpoHa -117).
    (69-79). Pa3nonoxeHara no nporexeHoe Ha rr,pxaBHara rpaHrtqa Bor"rcKa 3a nap8x fleparopar R o6xrecrBcru cper,'. IIpn jrcro
    n6r a3aurHana cBox nPereHlrnx fia Bctlq(ts Kane cil :Kacira:tx npoqecrre ra npccrr'nrenrr cpcrly rtraacrcjrJre
    - elra paxoia.;.ruxa
    ocHosHre Ha +axrHqecxara Bnacr B lapxaBara' Oure ynpaBreHnero Ha ABrlcr c! ru\rfleparopc(xr recnorn]r,\t. To'i cnory!r_r c]rjlo lra ci,r;laJe !v;recrjr orBoxlcr{r,
    flpeBapHa"ro no npnHqBn B ra6yneHa BoetsHa rroHspxx' Catio rara \toxe ra ce l v(tirlc ceHor u.eat'. lunri' lulcr c jrcro
    p336ePe 3aqo npr{ Ba3HxxBaHero Ha e$rB nonxTtreecK{ Bax,w}r irernoHrre. xar" re \rr Ba8 BrrpeurHara .r)xa ra roJepdr'rHocr { xrvaHHocr.
    e Ko\raHrxp!. ca nolKpe pe,eHIIrn r. c A8r)'croBr rp'Jsurtr Ha orlpauu.rerH^ra
    rpo.,a. Tara ee A.loausotna dr/!a.r!', npelnoleia yerola Ha )-npaaleHlre r. are.xr H pa,Urptrr rpaHxu re Ha nvneprrra rr] ItHats ! E(rpar. CBrpralo.ro c

    276 211
    crParerue o.polHo HnnpexeHxe Ba crurrre aano !r cc Paroepe 3a Hero n') nrarrre n\r B npe!'rlrHtrrc qnBru rau x 6urx Hai1,cna6ll.-foBfl ce o.lrrcr npcArl
    '8r
    xacR,. Ho raKa nru rB:rqe u TpaeHoBo BPer\rc 6rrna ci:raalcHa nposuHrrrrtra aaxxt. xo ra ranalH Te o6.'rirc'rx H, r\rflep rra (hcnasyr. rcxr{a fa,r,, Aibp ka). no
    c xoe,o nB'recrr Ha pova HsuprHc cc oc't uLecrEnn q orBL! ayrlaB (roBa unpo'r.! np'rcvar rarHHcK,i',r c]rK x pnMcKxq.r aerB sa
    Moxc 6x c ntxlsHa AHenrHa PlMaHrt Hanpn ep ra rav lorai ra cc yrB6pnH aii-6ap3o'r.bo6lrc r ri-Ocjnpo6ncMflo. no-
    f,ah c\r'c \Btrl: dir rr,lor orir'rc .eHr.qroHH,rr( ! rrllHo oilaee nporHlaro parBulrrero ,racrr Ha Ar,r'xasrra. TaM o.r
    3lBoc$.Hu! 6xnIl KpnrKorpairsn. HoBocl,saaAeHxrc rari npoBrrHuxr .o Bpere cLqecrsvBail racra ttpexa or rpLrr(n ccnllrd n rpl!o8e, cBaprajDr
    6nr.r orcrorror x orl. Xaapxarr fnrn npxHyleH aa ce orxaxe crapa (yrrlip'r<r rpsarrrxe. pa0rroc.ronHa. d(o,re I nfcuarxoxlllllrx pHMcKo,
    npr(rxHnro HrNarBU rexKn nocnerriun. Hnuro Hc x'jpareRa no ao6pc qe,locrrrorL) HcKara (yjrrypr, c rpau(! o6nxK. rpaqKxrr BJIJ(. crsp(iro rpLuKo (yrryplo
    or vnpasicHrcro Nr) cpe;r crBPeMcHrnurrre n cneaD.urrjrc noKoner{rr}. rcrBo n rpnuka'.a rpa!{unr B u3roq|ara l1ca H^ ltrp.titr Rort uu oKBBrnu
    orRon(oro npnclaeHoro Nrt no,rerHo orrrrrrt oplimus FircePs c raKaBa rurrr'r urcro or Ao )najlEKa Ha rlpeBfioc,rrir. a n cnctr |lcro 6cr npcK.tcBaxc.
    cneA ABrtcr Hc e 6xr orrrrqeH Hnro carH pxMcKn n\rneparop BaxH! Hoc,rrenri ,ra povrHr3aulrra iirnH p!lcKnre .'rcrrouu. CacA urarauc
    XaapuaH (l17-l3N) npor3ro)r xaro Tpa'H. cnvx6arr !\r, orcnyxnrtrrc Berepa|ll qccro ocrarar 6nrro no 6,rBllrrrc ct
    !P!rx ax{eqrn u y'rnasxeH"ero cx. paJnnqHx J'HxloHU, oKoio r{jrBux ,l ccnrrrla. ,apo/lrrnrr
    npejrruec,setsB(.Excnarr3nHHrft 6!ia(oprlnrPaHaxnpirofcrri no K'r,cttrr rpalo8e. Mtrrrl nrjfin ,rjiroBlxtlu or nposrxrl rrc.
    {-h\i N,eroaxrc rr )apauneHnc Ha ceHa-ra (Eurrop. VIII 6) XalpxaH. xo'-rr,, Kro x IposxHquarx, orcryxrlrn B no\io rllr'1.c uoicNx, ll{uyirrB.r'i cncr!
    nponl,ryDri Hran bx n HnrUrl. n noccrrrr rrr!Ho rorri'a {acr or pti\rc(ara xMncp'rtr sapnrBaHe ria cnyxOard c( npaDo rra pn\rc(x.paxraru. Tr(a corlranrrara darir I'a
    n;ao(*ro ,rr Tp Ir 5 RDr'.r?4 Jlotul ra cc p,sruipfi,ryscrDrrcrr(). 3tiBLprrc(Lr |r roBr fr3Brrxc
    u ennn n)H(rToir npeDB3roxAlr nPearrrecrucHrK! cr. no'rrn He e n!'uo x\rneprr,'1, crnKr}r In Kapa(arr ((itttiluth A b ntnunl, Nonro vnoc-r'or1n c trprll ,ra
    npenn H..o. xoir-ro e 6xr o6la3oBriH xaro x.Ifrrarr: roir nfxrexrBl'i ulrlportr ]'r rp.xlaHH Bc'l.rirx c8ooorHx xxreiri llr r!ncprrrr (Crss. Dil) l-XXV t 9.5).
    ^^
    4,'tnoco{c(oooplI]oBNHnccrp!u{aoplieHT.'l!'.XoeTo!oxpa9 BrnpcKn no8eqe,o rlrncparopx .r II R. i x{ np ryrel irccro or D1'rtc rrx
    ncKpL'H nPutren rr lleHrrrcr rrn en Hcxar. xlrrlpa c_LnrecrB\B,r "e
    u BbHurllr oa)crorrercrBa !a npccrDeBar D polrrrllrrrc ir nrnepxera, rpunr
    urx.r 3nHlfx rlrcHrHo Pt'in'rxu Nrcxrv ritnalHlrrc. po\tasnrrtPaux qacrn rr He ralv6,rr urr(o or craprra cH rprrera'rcrla.xnl x{ro cl,l,rr.8rlln l|r
    U\rnctnrrr x eirHniip'r'n, IliroK. xo,ro ncprroarr Ha nNrnepn'], epn''ra. Uths tr npcr III R. ,fanq,recx .rr feriracrrrur rra
    lLrnr !n cc np.BLPH!'n nlorrruolr.lne. r(t1a Aa 6aae rrr.ralerrn or Xaapn.ts 'irn eparopa. ToBa napBclcrBo Prrr! Irtiiirr cjrrir Koraro s pc,yjrar
    llr il.! 11r ' r, r - ul(!LHq,, nF,,ri'rtrrJ
    r au'ltlncpn'TantclIII3nenlqlrcpHllTciloi.'lacTx
    Ar1.or rr nrir (l3ti-161) rNrBnxxi tcdroDtaropc(!' x\Pc Ha Xa,lpxrf Do\rrar I norxl!ircc(rrx
    nonqrLriri |,' .u!I'r'rrrrII,:,H{ ri It:,LL'n r.n'ec 6nr h{r!.1rr(H c !Horncrl:r'rr
    coullirnxa noirrrKn. nr,aBHoro noioxexxe po6lre 6x!o noioopeHo I crrcrc!rr !
    Ha al,pxrlr r{ norioul 6nrr parrrP('Hn R}p\! 'r3 NHo.o ofiacrrr (Eotrop VlIl. sl
    U ,r)\r H pcjtruccr!.HnqnrL' crr rrrnarHtBa! 3aA-LnxeHrttra c! x l!{rl\ llt.z. u()_I6PAHH L|3BOPtl
    ABperxir (l6l-ls0). q,ruoo4,F rr\rnep.rofcNxr rPoH. MHorocrrxsHarr \\
    ":' nraro:.tctsle Ia HanrcaHlrc no Bpeic
    nu,rHocr xt(o c('orlipoxnr nfca" 8c'r,rNo Ttuitut. /1 ., l,7 \q 'fuiltpkri a(nd
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    r

    tsoeHr no\o;]rr ..cavoH36nkr;rcB"t_- Ilanpauxn! ourc a clEpeveHHn'rtrrc !Y cll.r ' (.untrtnia u Aertcnl
    no nne\rc ts.r tnpN errrrero N] oii.le. ce nora3an! nalBlrc nprrrrliLrll
    na HarpeBrurir'.n NpxIt B rr\1ncprt1n. fortlara !llrrLr eDrrrelrxe x.prBr Ha xot ' 7. nper ot'ollr spcye B Pnv ritrr(r,rJlarn ;lr cx clnrepjrx,hr fl() p ijoJcrrie
    crntsun rrrtorill cnoeB. (!Kro rr Mapxo\irHcNara lontsa. )iB1t:!rrr I Hcyrn. ccHaropx. roll xllir. KorKoro xrl{or 6trr no rrrrcrr_ ro_1(ora |(rrctre roi
    cflr{r B6p\r \npruxelrcro !\ (Anrnr. \Xlll 6.2+: SHA N'hrcus 13.:.5.17.2:21. r, ue\repHnlcr n rr,Pce,l o;roarsrfio n3prr(efiue a rrucro ctr. ra ]rx rr! |rrf,cx;r!
    \eru. s. I j, 1.,k., !rt,rr.'^xPrrqr rr{n.t.rr'tl 1Ttn3,I, nl' rrib rrr ro qe c raparBaH or crj-LPrrx rk r'tro'rrencr. nro , |a|po1nB.
    (Cr$. LXXI. :. :) Bortr:r cn 'r..rrotrp".
    npo:rrxrr,e.lrrlr rr li'},lrrnr npriH{finrr TrKa
    cn Dlo rr nporxu :ra lJo)ln cl,rir nr,rocr, !]{pr,aro
    n, rrl.rq[lllli n.rIrr. \ 0lrterr''r( fL\rrIrr'tr Pexrarre c racKrrcrcrro Ko'Jc\.rnrc Ccxcr [r)\rire'l x Cckcr 'l Ar]-rcr rnpBr cc
    x!n(trlr'r:r. ( 'r'r. . rl\r'r'tr1:.cbrrlr,lrrtl r n"rour Hir,re in (re-]n oLu BtpHocr ntr.I Trrocprn: rc rtxcl'r NrcTtsarr crirro ,r oJ Cct Crpa6orj
    ts3(r.aHnK H. nfnHrrrrnarit clr. l\'1.pts ABPe]rrn rapvmu.rcircrB\Dirurrrt )lororriLr npe.bexr Ha nperopnaHclifire Koxoprx I or r i 'rvparrrri pdl)cilro
    llr
    nprrHqrtn u laxr arr Barsoxrlocr 3. RFutauc rir ,lllHacru! {i I orrsaHero c xprtstrrciHx npr):lr(rni cr.r rrx llo.roxns -
    {acrerrBNHc nl)le'l xro rorroR. parorrtoorr I nc(!1e ri Haporar. 3ruroro Triiepxri rano,isa.r scHrrK{ rc.1r !rpg Ko cy.rrrc. Karo
    (\1rrc.7.i:C{ss.DioLXXll l. l:Eutrot.\'lll9:Anmr.\X\116. l6) )'npanreuuel'rr'r i!x ce c1\paHrBar nPerxxrrtrrr. peny6Jx(aricKx crpon tr roli scc orJrc rrc cc
    Matr Autcrllr-r or6elr.JRa Ktx, rrr crrrit eno\a B p!\rcxnr rcrol'te ( tsracr1r rr erirBar ra aracra\sa: r:rxc c:rx(ra. c xonro Tx6cp,ri $rKBlr tra raceja{rc
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    lTll 2',79
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    280
    2ll I
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    28. I43Mexay th6ep,rHHre cx oco6eHo Btrcoxo IreHtn eBHyxa nocta. xoro,r)
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    oue noBeqe !bpxrrr HJ nonxox ,aBexAauiHrr dp\u8a roiito "Pcro . Tacnus, Agricola, 2 sq.: B1,3x6ara unepamopu
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    283
    2'12
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    292 19.1
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    29{ 295
    ufiFrncAHi' bnrtrcnrrru n rrl]ercnHo urc! LT r6sr rBourc nPoN)fa oprr 'fcHlarol I9.4. BAXHI' NATII I,I IIOH'TI''
    e !o6r'c xrsc( lcH or [oroB"pll,c
    235-238
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    214 249
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    ,in.ii- npn.'"o-*o'Ho noBele. Ba'Ipcxrr vcratsoBeHtf Pea lu c aPvra pGKa 249-251
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    251-253
    flor o6o3Ha.rcurero ..Digesta' ce pa36xpa KoMnfl"'laqxt'ra or Tpeoon aH ran
    253-260
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    , BanepnaH
    xNlnepaToP locrtlHltaH anfecTljTe aoK)'NleHTUpar puMcKoTo npaBHo 260-268
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    268 270
    Jrli nnL Di]clt. -5(/, /. -i, l-i (Ulpilut ): 30
    (nauasii II forcKn
    271) 275
    Ocx)l)uoH /
    275 276
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    nolo6aorlLu CacaHxrrr. Tp.rHoBa AaKur. yrlpnlrop. auct(ri1as, Hisloria Augusla. Limcs. Agri
    decumates. patre\ conscripti.

    Bl'IlPOCrl Il 3Ar:lArill 19.5. Rlt6rtUOrPAOt{t


    19.1.
    B n. 6\rr11,u fo,r h Jior] B.rtrro'o h.Ncercrrr HrtoroB M..kBa. 1990.
    1. KoI ca nluqrrHrt. ntcrx3BrtKartr (PIr3arr Hr x\rneprropcxr:' A ALtn!l' 5ru{lren 7Ln G.5chichr. der \telrkri\e dcs 3 Jahrhundcns nach Chnni. Darmnadt- 196?.
    G. Aiftld1 Thr ( ri\n ol rh. Third CenturJ_ ar \e.D h) Conremporarics. - Grcck. Ronan and Byzanline
    BonHrrrNr rr\tn.Prroprrr o0\!rtcrcre rarr' !Boirr SruJ'c. 15. I9ll. St) ff
    L Cgrarcrrr I'rDcf:trof F. Alrh.r D,c Sodr( lr6.r. FQnkfu . 1'rl9
    rtclof r\r'cl\rr np('xnocr.rBnrr. A R tltrl.r S.frn,r.5!L.nF. rhe Alricni Ltuf.ro, Londod. 1,r71
    Hr re3rr onpelcl!1!rt I Bl.i.k.r, \'e.i.n\Lfr' Lnl S.zr!Lg!\.hi.hrr Jc\ R.n^rhcd Xdnerc,chcs. Ptddhoiri. iql8. lrll:
    3. Kott e urpeutttonorttrttrtcttt dr LrrdDtr rr \ Bn,rkm!\.. Arli.N.+xrnrrod uDd okonomhlh.r Denkcn in der OUFRt$cl,alr des Rdmi\chen
    \JtrNr.nrrJ'rl.L1 €nii\''ri H.i. r' H.r11 1.,,',','i,'*', rr"""p"'op," ll'i3 lrr rnNJr'r l{ci.[.\ B,ttlron 1q61.
    l'. Bro\. \\. r.i rnr Atrflrnr.h Di.Zejrdersn rrntlo \.n \1.tr! AureLhn irlLh!mnr€d. B..gi\ch-cl3dba.h.
    Br.'x!Hr Bnrilin !cx)\ rt\.
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    lll '
    ,'nn"r,.'qi ."c.,'".r" H Pr\rJt'. r'rr'rr " nper R.

    296 297
    A. Chdcgnal. L'€lolution d€ ltdre sinatoiial aui III" cr Ivq silcles. Revue hinodque 2,1,1. 1970. ri)i
    fi
    P. Corrcelle. Hisioire liudrane des errndes invasio0s gern!niques Pais, L96,lr.
    E, Demoueeot. La fornation de lE!tupe er les invasions barbarcs DCs origine\ gerFaniquc\ I
    lavinement de Di.clFtien Pirk l'169
    A. Franke. Rod und did Gcrmrn€n. Tiibingen. 1q80. 20. K'I'CHA AHTI,IqHOCT
    R cirscbmann. Ira. Pxnher und Sasaniden Man.hen. 1962.
    M. Cranr. Das Rdnische Reich am wendepnnkr. Die Zcn von Mark Aurel bis Kondanrin. Miinchen, l97l
    R. Giinrher ua, Die Rdmer am R[ein und Donau. zur polirisch.n. wr6.h,rili.hen und 5oz]al!d
    Ent$icklun8 in den .omilch.n P.orinzan an Rhein, Mosel und oberc. Donau in 3. und 1. Jh
    Berlin. 1975.
    ,. Ha*broek. Unre6uclrungen zur Geschichre des Kinc^ S.ptinius Selerui. Heidelberg. 1921.
    F, Heichelhein Zur wdhrunsskrisis des rijnischen Imperiums lm l. Jahrhundc n. chr. - Klio 26. l9ll.
    W. Hcld. Untenuchungen nbcr den ronnchcn Kokrfut ah Ende de5 I Jhs. Lelpzi8. 1966. 20.I. BABEAEHI'E
    A Jardd. Erudes cririques su! la vie er li ra8ne de Sdvire Alex.rdrc ParL. 1925.
    B. KriiSer errl. Die Germanen. B€rlin. 1978 l9rl3. M
    P L.mbicchc. La conposition du $nar romain de S.prihe Sivire I Dioclarirn Budapen. l9l7 (Dr\ fonrMara (pn3a sa hMnep"ra npe3 III B. or H.e. npeacraBr'3a lcroptttecKtt
    Pann.. l. 3).
    w. Miiller (H6s ). Zur Ceschichle der Aleminnen. Darmnidr. l97s (wclc tlcr Fo..huns lr)0) ooH. c r,o ro rpq6Bb !a cc cBbpxe c creMala Ha,ncnrarxuqnn. npes r' HaP
    G. J. iuurphy. The Reign ol rhe Empco L Srpiimiu\ Severu\ from rhe Eidcrce of rhc ld\cnprion\ eno\a Ha BonHur!Kurc rrncparopr (215 284) Hun qfko rrnhRBar palvep'.tre Ha
    Philadclphia. 19.15. r(pu3ara B pnMcr.or aapxaBeH crpoir. KaM pa3pyuaBatsero sa aBropx,erure Blrpe B
    M Pldrn.Ler lhe Lfe Jrc RerEn or 'he Fnpcror I '..u' sep..n.r. rr 'u. o 'r ,6 aapxaBara (aro peryrrar or nenpexacHarrre ysypnarlsr { Blrpeunx 6op6n 3a
    P Remondon L .rre de lEmp e romJn de IlJr.A'ee Ar.'.'c P,'.l"1F Bnacr ce flpx6aBurx x cenapar!{crxvHr{T e qBreH" tro nepsocp"rra Ha nMfleprr,a.
    M. Rosonzeft. Srudien zur Goschichlc des riinischen KoLondcs. Drrm*adr. r9r0l
    (. Schippmann. Crundznge der C.schichre des sasanidfclrcn Rcrchcs. Drrm{rJr. l9A1 tlyxrx nieMeHa rro peKnre PenH AyHaB ce ocBo6oxlaBanl{ or npeatrrHara cn
    L schm,i Ce.,h'l-e der deu''chea ( 'TTe hi. ri A' p 1s uer \Jl{!. . r^ J.'LDq. BJ. L D ' rpaH qn. (oxro or Be
    3annauBanrl ll,pxaBHrre
    Ond.m'n{. \lL'.r.n 'r' B'l ll D w-!r",1;a v'r.1..I \:rurr.. 1.1 csrypHx u oKor'{arenHs. cbureBpevcHHo cc aacxx
    H. Schneidcr (H6g.) Sozial.lnd Wr6chafrsgeschi.hrc dorl.nn.hen Kairrzcir. Drrmlrdr. t!NI (Weg. d!r
    Foschuns isz) Mour Ha cacaHxac(a llepcxq aapxaBara. Hacnealrna naprrre x eauHcr
    E. Schwalz (Hrs). Zur -qermainchen Srammcskundc. Dalmnadr. 1972 (wcgc dr Fodchuns. lrq) \{oxena !a ocnopv rocnoacrBoro Ha puMcKara lr^tnepnt Ha l43ro(.
    C. E. vdn Sickle. Chrnging Bdres of rhe Rofrin Impeial PoN.r in rh€ Third Cenrury A D L Adfq0 . BcpoerHo e cb3qaBaHero sa rerp:rpxrrra Karo crcreva Ha ynpaBneHxe aa cc arnxll
    cla$ique 3. 1939. 153 ff. sa re3 xpr3'rcHu (Aur. vict. 39, 22 sqq.i Eulrop. IX 22).
    J wais. Die Alcmrnnei in ihrer AuseiDandeEeuung m( dcr rdmich.d weh. B..lin. 19lll
    C noeMaHe Ha )npaBicHncro or [roKnerllaH {284 r.) 3anoesara
    O. Wrlier. T. Pekdry Die Kire des rofrnchen Rei.hes Beri.hr iibdr die Fo^.hungen zur C.\chlchre dcr l
    J0hrhundcns (191-231 n Chr). B(lin. lq6? PxMcRara nNrnetx'. Ao(aro, or eaxa crpaHa. Bnacrra tsa xvncparopa ce 3acxnBa
    H wolfmm. Geschicht der Gotcn. Miinchen. 1980: peyrrar or pe+opMrire Ha re,papxnrra
    E. Zitllner.Ceschi.hre der Frrnken bL zur Mitte des 6. J0hrhundens Viinchen. l9l0 do,r,ii orcr'r,nBaru npea caBoKyflHxt ptMcKu HapoA. ro, or Apyra
    crpaHa. cc ra3uuBair peraBaux npoMeHn no BapxoBere Ha Hvneputra. rlpe3
    x3AnraHe Hr \'la(cuiruxxaH (266 r.) na clrvfleparop c rlrrara ABzfcm r\ qpe3 no-
    npcBpauane Ha KoHcraHrrH tj ranetun B Dot\krcHv u64pu Ba
    yirpaRreBaxrrr. aBryclj.,llroKnerriaH cl'3!d BcaurHocr MacTra Ha tlerllp'{Ma
    u^rnctrropr. BLrperx .re p']](o ce cpeua yqacruero Ha HsKon(o
    nxlHocr! B 06llroro ynpaRxeHne Ha h\rneprnra (Han-Banpea npx Mapx ABpensn
    Jl B.p). rerpapxrrrs. c HeirHara ,q{+epcHrrxp ra '
    pa3npeaeneHue sa
    061.cr,lc ra \npdhr(Hxp I npc. LraBntBJ ren. tsnreqHo Heuro
    soBo B lcroPrlrra Ha PuMcxara !!'neprr. Ta(a oxjllr cl3laaeHn aRe o6nrcrs Ha
    lntaFrqB.lr /re dB \cr,r 3 Hr,o^a fl lanara (,truoMeluaH H
    VJrc !,rnr:r,r. Knr! NnIr' cbo.B! rH elIH uerJp. farepun r
    KoHcraHrrn- ra !a flr no'rno\tara B $xHara pa6ora flpu yllpaBneHoero. (Lact. VII 8.
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    Ha ts],proBHar. \'npaRrcHlccK: Biacr onpelentnti
    xraaDr-l rar.oHr! n B3xvarr peoreHue ra DoleHe Ha BoiJHa t cKnKr{BaEe sa Mnp. ro
    ueralxre. nprtu!xlaHu or HrcieatBarrero Ha aBrycrxre Karo tsarlaaa. ctaettcrBysanu
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    or Hana.rennr nMnepcKfi rpaHqqu (Pancg. Lal. VI 14, li
    Eurrop. lX 2l-15 ).
    Pa3lepar Hr nporr.Hn, ro (orro Bolena axoKnerlaHoBara
    op.aHrrrqnq Ha \npal]]lellre Ha nNlncprsla Nroxe aa ce BU;rn Han-8e'{e B 3ary6BaHero
    rtr 3Ha,rcsrrcro Ha rpajl Pnr' (Eutrop. lX 27. :: X 2. lr Zos. II 8. 1-2i 10. I 2.4.7: 10.

    298 299
    l-5.2r. Ha\rHpaunre ae Ha6ruro 0o rf.q I -F rtvncparupc^u p(,,rqrHUhr Tp,rt. x\r rr\rrsxerprl'tD tr |1160Rc. E/ll r o-jajLr60ir.! Irornc! !rpx!,
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    XapaKrepHu 3a KacHard +a3a Ha Inperi!m Romanum e He cavo npelrecruaHer,' np.+.",\1J c , ,r n. ,.. ,,., \r.,,,.i.,a.,r . ,)a.r,,
    Ha ynpaBneBaur!' qesrsp or l,ITarrur xav neprroepriera Ha hvnepxqra, Ho ri Masislct olJi.nnun. Prutpt)rtitu\ aui trht.rli. (t" tt turg!",ttll. Q da\tor tuLri
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    publica libera- ToBa Derrurc 'r'ce npoleHr npe3 Or Prinet\ ar\ r xclparrrrr. rfrxrrBo orocrr nrc B Ntri!iu ltt<rtLltu
    ..tvitati\ o1 'hna Hr ABr\!r r.pur'!nc,ar Jol,na,'. ron'o cnlx6r r Ko!.HlHx (e|rn:rri la or:rcrHxrc |lo|llj,nrrr rja I'llficp rft a|\| lorr
    a6coircreH .ocnoaip He B6rpe s AlpxaBara ra nopt n Haa Hct Hai{'tc o j norNxar prrlrepa n rrerfura r
    ToBa n3Mecr8arre Ha no3nrrrrnre Ha trMneparopa He ocranano 6e3 noc,le/'rcrBrre 3a Boircer (Zos. ll 32\qq ).
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    civitas Rona a px:lrcKr{ .p.xArH!, Korro npaBHo 6lrtH paRHonocraBeH{ Hr 06uecrBeHo npecrpr(.ypIpare. (ocro narxpru[ rprxr{rffe lr
    np Huerca. ce naroBrfurHe .r',pxr&r Il()crc,r rrrrc or roj?!{ra !r!!a per
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    ao Bontsa. B arrKar. ntn LUrt:tci5ttr. Kotro 3aRlpunrld c c,rHa or oou$arHa pcrxrm Ha fn\rcKarn.rLp,l;!ua. (CTh. XVI lrJ. l2). ( roBa.c i.no'rua
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    poxcrscHlrlr. Il !3uMurl. crcn pnrrtornaH. Ha nPer rlH re clr 6pakoBL'. cx Brcxr
    Korcra{rtrn - .qosc!.rlrr AarGfe Hr Xepx\'xrir'r. a fanep ir - Codex Theodosianus, 12. t,7 (320 z.):
    ar,llrcfrlr Ha anoKrl:rrrrH. can(r (r(ro Hrrom AR.lcr o\'lxfi ,rurlepr cx IOnur rr
    Tr('icpur'r. 26. Bcrlrr rc (rr\r pojlo\r or lllntnK ri Blnpeli lre 6rra He rBapl. llnc npcaoncBaMe, otoro c'sosere Ha ae()pxoHnre. xouro ca HaBlpuxnu 18_
    "ntr',,',,,.' rr. rL Jr.'L'\,' nlCUr.,\irr',r \It ,nr,r'L,r '1.r.,ro.r.,tcHI ro!!!rHr Rrrfacr. !a ce 3ano3tsaqr cac aaAbnxerrxrra cri l(aM oolqnHrlTe B
    noJlrnrn\! loiip. rf\llocrrrc crlx6a. 29. Ilpc.r npo8rHqfir Kap.ra.eH. 3arrroro He cnel8a Aa ce nrqaKBa re Aa cc ocBo6oArr or
    ftr()rrcurr rc Bcll! 6trxroroBcc\r Niro npc;r 6anrd rrr ucevor rr 60r. ll npfiHa:r.xHocrla (a! ce\lenc,rBara cfi fi or cBculeHfir cx !!nr K.r,Nt oaqxHara Bonr.
    rrorrcxc 6PcNcro Bo'rtrrrr.. Ho cau!.BpeMellro Ba Satrrrre tse cne/lBa Aa ce nocraBq,r npeA
    .r, 'rr
    (.Ii\:' ll\r.r(frei.. ,r'' K.H!r.,rr.rn d. n,'B,l.H, rcr.,rx crT,r nxlepccrrc I]a o6lrnsqre.
    orBr,r Anllrnf. rf'r,r'rcnrDflr.r xLrr frrrr: Ha \,ip!i)nnn - AqrtrKa r Urrire: !r
    ftlrcprr-r - l{nllFlt ocrf'orr[c tra( ro ropc(rrc rprHxqr c ll.pHo \rcpc: Bctr,rN,
    ocrlrltt-llo riul,p,+ .:r 'rIIofrcun!r{. Codct Theodosiants, 13,5, I (314 ? ): naxu3H&o raEp.nocmqBaHe Ha
    .\.pr4uht? Fbn N4,c<uqnn !
    A o t t. littrs.. l l. i0: 3td a(xoadrt LDr) He KoHrDktH Nona.r
    Ha8xkfrrfnnre 6r)ia ra;rarxenH In noaaRpxar x 3scsosaxHfir oou{ecrBeH
    rpaHcnop,. AKo Hr(oj"i. Konro e no rporr3)io,r Moprl(. 61 xcran Aa craHe xanrraH.
    B rarrL'r rr $orrx raax'.rcxrrcir{l riooclr. Ko c].rHrIll H:rpe!c Arrrrrrror }rr ror Dcc 'ra( rf,6ra )r oclaHc B cnoero npoqrsxoHax
    c|oc r\rc KoHclrrlrHorxrr. l1 xr]0 ]a !\ Ocrr. to:1cH rpar. )lrfuor io trr3! p.;r!o H$ro cn nfrrrArcxarri rr HeroBrrre nperq!.
    r., ,' rr'l r,"ir , Pr'! 4.,1 h., . r nf|n r'L
    rf ,., l\,'r"r'ellr.rr., xi!ir' ir. n, i 1,fl,\i,r
    "ir.,r,r \1n.t.r\! cpr:r.rur. Tr\ ron cr,r:lrr. clrr(r r'.ci.rIr or Bronjr farr
    rrrf!rrnc (blt.t Thro.lasidIu\. li). l. I t3ll z.); 10, 10. 2 (3tq z.): Mept u ct.q,
    ..cR.rrr- (clxri) nl,.RlkktsaHertu] Htt npt4and o]i .ttqrltu a .btiuptHunp Ha dalb4u
    'r'prrr.'
    B ..l'lcroprra Ha 3()cl'Nl (oNo.ro 5{)0 r, or H,e,) e ocraBeH aKuerrl AKo fr(or 6r:re o'rerpaR:rafl or KaRlRro x na tirjo c16!pa,r
    Bap\\ rcroprrrrrar r{A rir,cHili] alHTlrrJHocr. ABTLTI}T c v6eJcr{ rlqL r.r r.. rr,,r\n.rrrf aovpHr(rfarop.
    3li lllTH x HA narAHrr3r\ril. cLSfinalll r PasnpocTPaHeHucTo Ilir xPUcTrrr-
    rnn(tj"r , r..H"J,,1. i,r [qr.Jrr ocr xo,rerarrc ipr6ia
    ljn r. rnr( i,r r.'\, r. i,I!,kfJru... i "churrtder He(jrpdscanxBocrfi
    crBoro nprrr| rilrA 3a pa3rajlnllero Ha Prr\!cKara rNlncprrn. x f. "'' .r '..,6r H .j\'-i. 't( ^,,ri-,, , .-
    nl-.:t.4.f. !a rrclDtxx
    . \f r\ prN | .,,1: ,r,,r(rjii rl,rrrrqrro. Tps6ei aa
    Zo\it ot II. -1t: llrtnDItrt.1 r|rit\r ,n K,,Ht, tHrtr l. ',, ',,,
    t,4,(\,.rd ir'r,, i ii. . (,.r. ,r r,,,p",'""r u,
    KoHcrrHlrH nN:1ntI. ll.rt,\rr.ftnR.r. rr:r.r orcrtr,!r fc,ir,ll . rtcnrr.rr\
    nltl{r ntoHxRuiH.r,, Ht' untr.|lr Hr tr\r.(r r!'tlrro|flr TLi kriro Irr,r
    rlr.tr i,1. i i ' , . r . . r . - \
    1
    . ,
    ' '
    .
    '1 r .1 .i.
    .rl11
    105
    Atnnt. Marccll., XVI, 1,3 5: Uaap tujua|
    .Corlcx Theodosianus, 5, 17, I: 13, 10, 3: 3a no,lo.iaeBkDto ,,t Kn( oQHDtuleH lturcPamoP - udeaje{ o6pa3 Ha
    3. Kax8oro I aa Kaxa o6aee, BBnpex,{ !e (paclrBn n6xr. a
    5, 16: 1. (332 r.). AKo npx HrKoro 6rie Ha\rcpcH lyxa Koiofi..ro ron rfq6lr par^T'rBd\r qncr/1d HLr r,i ,d cb6llrrem. onIlpbnKr ce qa soKlvcqrarH,r cseAeHHr,
    He caMo Aa 6!Ae BlpHar rrv. ! aa ce u3lcKa norofosc
    orKbaero nponjxoxJa. rlo taira!61 ! ure 6tle c\rcrHzr ,a \BJrehcrsre. a V HauA Ha- xrrrexla, tre
    laHhK 3a nepr{oaa My. A cariJrre ravxc"rrr 6rfcruo. cbnpoBo,+\trdue loJx vnaler{ or ca\rara rrJ
    cnerBa ra 6aaar oKoBaHu (aro po6x. 3a aa \rora.r cnea Karo n3rGpnrr poocKolri lduuro ro rJkd flpe^rprerHo 66pro B.r,,cle u I r,i.. u orstr. ve
    HaKa3aHue. Ka ro ca cx 3acr)xrn'r ,ra ri,nai rBal no noAo6aBaur lllqrl Blop ri . Bccnac dHoBre flrH. rrtan 6tajopal)vxero v). ja
    noso6ch B68 Ha rpaqH rapaor ycne,h;rre v)'"ox;
    3aaarxeHxr,a, npucaxlrr sa cBo6oaHts ropa. A(o HrKoir c],]lrarerHo e 3.rapkan i
    aoMa cr t{yxa KonoH. npcnopreB:' ce caMurr (oxoH ra 6},jre BLpHar o6farHo B Jo!:L
    {aro AHToH IIx r rapaaH jo,rHll' My c68bpLreH }M .i,_ ",,..;p,.;
    ra qoc;oeu
    My, xaKro r !a ce D'L3crrHoBx se.oBnq rpu6yreH raHbK 3a nsre(xoro ute\rel a orrrr. nfo!LnArrer Ha Mapk {Bperrn. Nororo rot (e c,Fveue q, ;{arv""" s qe,1a,a ,1
    (onro He xenae Aa ocraHe raM. KBAero e poles. crerrBa ,1a ce npeBapHe B pon \. Ho noHexe (Kdxlo Hr, )q vrqpocn, sa tln"ri UuuepoHr..Bncorara
    Hp,,uxre c'r.
    13, 10.3. (357 r.) ARo HrKoii pellll{ !a rrpolaae nir nonapx e![o rlrcHrc. l, pioBa cauo Ha aaDBerara. Ho
    rot tsrMa npaBo Aa 3anr,pxa KoxoHure cx. c qer:r .n npe\Baprr{ rplrare. OHcnr. He Hx rauBdr crtsrriBo hoper{Hre r +',nu,H,e-. raoiaexure,rxy
    none3Hfi. rProBa jra r! ralapxrr raelro c ve,llrrra U
    nprrpooHx lapor no-NacHu 6qxd novpr,{eHr or 14 Bce naj(, on
    kn! n6K aa rts ocraBrr irpyrrvy aa rx rftoBolo re ,a hbrdr c6nocraBc noc,euJHri vHoro6poitHH ,l
    yaxRUrerHx locrrxeHur npeABsA, qe 6nAeriKri oqe caBce; roHolUa.
    oo}leH B yeanHeHfie Karo Lpexren npu M{HepBa, ron 6e n3sne.reH He or lotsrllrlxa
    nanarna. a or cno(onHfire ceHKy Ha A(aAeMxrra,3a !a 6aAe rnacHar s cruxlrra Ha
    f_rprrr Auran Mapqe,'luH (IV n. or r.e.) Moxe [a cc np]rqlcJlu Kl,rl
    , ro! noRotx fcpvaHUr. yxtorH lr,sHBNxre Ha 3aMpr,Hd,nq
    roJreMxre pxMcKl.r acroprurl Karo ,rllotrii rr Taurrr, Toir cr,c1.aB,r.r Peih. ie^bre npo.e KprBrd Ha 0!E\Brjuflre y)r.ac vccrHx uape. a Apyrale
    cBorfa p vcr\a cTop g Hr IaTHH(tll eitrK rc spc\tcto rrvr(pJ.,,1, o(nqa "aruc BLt [, pauerc I!
    Hepea (96 r.) Io 6 rKara npr XaApnaHonox (378 r.). ^f T, e Hat Anu. I.Iar.ell., WI, t0.4 sqq.: IloceryeHuemo ka unepamop
    BaxHIrtT ,l3aop 3a puNrcKara cropur np€3 IV B. (3ana3erra e rtilcrra liL KoHcnlaH4un ll s pa
    nepfiofla c"le! 354 r.). I h-tr cne Oxro rpai\nrBaHo ,a urtcxoro np roroB reHre
    An . ,Uatr?|1.. XlX. 10. t t: r.1a1\u ounwttR a I\Ln
    ,J cHr Hdrl,nc cno|e! ,dc )rHrt. npe, sropdrd npeeear)pd HdH
    up.f'r. rox lrqrr npcJ Okprr)rvlr. ropr c rone\rrle ooxosier o,
    1.,(oxaro re3n 6ypr elHa crea rp).a Brt\pcHo np.\rxHaBaxa rB Nprir{ /
    Bcro,,Jra!rra\ ,ox ce lbpxdn !"ror-og" Bo;""rBeHo.
    B.Ir,L., ,i r BnelerH Bc( s Hero. 5 Kordro Ha6lnxxn rDatrd .
    H3roK. BeqHrrrr rpia rpanreue npea ranrrx:rra or cKopolr.s Herocrrf fla \pr r I e H3
    nopaat roBa. nbru Tcpr)x. (onro ro.rsa 6. npeQerr B PJl!. n. 'rrpaaeH
    ro" oru", noxoo.r""rn
    y!,6paxcHrq ra Rrruuxrjr oor rr
    o! NBrq rrn:ll
    c,paluHara or h roBa 0e la-rrro H.acr){.Ho. cltrfr ! lae.Hii."i r,, Krrc{ - rrs<crH,rq npdrrHrN rra [1irp. re r1r,ra,"r"" ;
    KopadIle He ro( t:'Bq\:r \T.',,,1.. J t,rEJ\., r'l r''\.'. r' J irc ntel pcr.r ntn6eA ur.3a ucryq coqrl ","[;o fi
    (Bhprqr HorBd B tsJii.i1Lr11c rtr(r,p |.J rul..'rLr( h'. ,r ru i\ti. , I I
    'r1Dpc!. I:I:l: !ll1'l ron ce o6lpnar (ry H:,po!a.
    parHoPorHoro c r:r.iraegue sBI'r, c Kaxua 6ap3nHa
    orscariaAe ce crxlano KaM pxv.
    csrHxre HacpeDrH! BerpoBe: B nprcraHirlrero Ha As cr [Ocrrr] (opr.xr( r,
    crpaxyMxa ra Brr3ar rop.:tr r.oero rx rforcure. l. 3ak)r, AD . ,Vuka ., XlX, 10, I5 sqq.: Roha actenla
    npr+err. n.1e,n,,(oqB,,H r\ r,,h. h ur .!.
    nne6c!1 craBdr Bce no-cBIpel npr r ri Bri.B.'Irr l:. ltn N, r., o rur.,r'rHJn !o cJv.re rtopiv H,, lparl e!Ha }HxxanHa cnopea
    Bctr(aKBa saaexla n (aro npore.Har .BoJtre HeBr'lcrl|t ,lcuil Kr\r H:r! r^ rfn kJ Bo,\rr r! ! rl'r r C,rrnBele. rui ce cnpr.r.- nopJreH or rrraurciyq
    6yHryBAUrIrt ce fleo6r-rlaHo tsapo,r. nper car3r KaIr: i. ..Ero uaIr1rrc cr,rtr,r.rrrl H\r,,. !^nru Hrro Mo^e1 AJ 6bae
    rctro raeAso c Bac (Ho r.rHo He6ecHnrc 6oR)Br npo\'.Hrr uorcra ojl) ru. flolrr.,r npcc jlarer orHoBo or Hrrion cMaprer{. U lraAexAara c !a
    eaHa r caua yqac,. ocBer{ aKo He rnpee e.rrr no rlrcrirrBll cr]rr_rr! Hanp:'Dr tse'rro noro6Ho. roii Il voxe Aa npec!3AaAe caMo xoH, Ha
    Axo ooaqe Blre Karo npe\ra\Here rrx. Hrlr r:r !r nocrJrrHc rrx \ rL.,
    Bnacrl- Or cLcrpurHrre npcr nrx cRtL(iur rr.r\,
    Ir,,, ,,",,*, Fu.,or,e. qero alp,,\!, x H^ceu ra r upoa irr cavrr rMnepa,or. 16.
    Ip' I ()nv c!J.
    tL.u! o.r ltepcrr
    .r-!t r,, ! nr|cb LJlr Hapoqr v] Hd\ua,,HBocr. ,.nDDBo,a3
    no npnpora 6e \fl'-1ocrp1r.. c. tKporJr rr ranrnrrffli
    caMoo6naaanne. 3aqaxa orpereH ra cr cL,roa. 1. ll Derrrrr. no (-o^.cncH! rrur i rrvr(c/,' r.. ,ocrprl r,JkhBooop. 'a rera xosrr, xiriro
    ciHue. cburJ rr. PIv .r..,!,'r- r''l.' 'rorfdql|jJ ld rr fcrno...'rd \bt1() IUrroqa HdtupDoko.
    BeqeH. oure roKaro Teprrr ri3BlpruBiure ,rieprBontxxol]lcr{llc r{x Kacrot I Il,, r\(, !.i,r' o.r^j,.re - K ..ru Onrfl,crd 6hr Han.au,' i,.""
    npq Ocr|q. r,opero .e tNpu[r. qcr.t.' . rt ! Ir, r r'hr.r 'lt.r, .r ' | .. fri.r,r ,.'P,rL r.r1 nrhr.tr.,rri!n.'rJ,-.r'rg:,.l,rr'.qe r)v.;uro.v-','," pd xopa J]
    nprcraHrnu.ro c lr.rtrr nrarHa \rlornrlrc e aI I' \ i.rlrPfJrot.r
    licrlll. rorl ce .re ,r, 6!ra rnu ocacxrHa. un! r.urcrnrua

    307
    306
    3auroro aoxaro BHHarx yroneMtBara qeolara. nps ycxoBre. irL Ht nferntrrc!rr I Ilu cnclr\r
    Hvano B PHM, Te Oxra oBe\Ttrar fi c le,r kolen. '!. {rkBo (a tsrnp.qr
    f'.,uar,,p,r.-^., ,," ,,,",,,,", :i )1,:il,",lil,,lj.liilT.i,i]JiJ
    rpaAa, roir peurr{n aa Ao6aBx Heulo KbNI Kpacortre \ry! Karo H3a{rtse B ronerrrt
    l:":l:r,.'" "i.;
    r.,n.r.;;,,,.i;;,^,;j',:,",",;;;,,1,:;l:
    ll"l
    qupx earH ooenficx, .{xxro npo[3xoA t BLtslIes Bta a3 ole onuoa tsa nolxoatrx) .f rteun.rru
    qJ
    ",:,,r.,^n;,,,
    q,i,,r r., .r., r.r..,il,r,,
    rht^JFJ.'. rJRro rr L r!\tsor,,,,,n nr.rc cr.\trrr u
    Anm. l.'larceU., XXXI, 13, I0 sqq.: vHuulotuntu1,lo tlopQreHu? ul no ponrlrrc cr \tccrr. *'' t;t"P"^'
    pul,lAHune npu xadpuaHonoi 878 z.) "t ' ' '" ^i;"""
    10. raxa, BapBapnre c ficKpsulu or tpocr oqx npecreaBarx
    14 flaee,r Opo':ui:i or EpaKapa (V 8. or H_c.) c ranr,cljl B lyxa ltn
    seHx 3aMp13B3"ru or yxac: elHn or rqx nananx.6e3 /ra rHatr Kon .{ e ooBarxr. xjlex cjlll'] xpncrxrr{cKu o6arpcHo cropH,rccKo
    Apyrr 6xnn caoapeBx Ha satrlpao{xre, rper! 6!i! u36nBaHr. TanKyuilHrre, KOCTO rO npcllcTaRt Ka,ro ocli()aa,Iejt Ha xpllcl.ltr|ckaTa
    )i)eeHr or cBoHre. duloro BbnperH ce .lb prr ytuBcpcanHa rrcl r,lriun c.
    no3Borrsanx aa orcr6nBar L{ HflKon or orcrlnBaulure tse 6xBar nooraAtBats- ll
    OcBeH roBa narffqara 6xnx nperpaAeHx or MHoro noryMRprBs xopa. Kour,)
    o-r paHxre cn, a Haper c rex uMano u xynorua naaHai xorr..
    OhJ\iu\. 7, .tl. Il vttt.: tl.._1.nu\u (nt flta?_u! db tn tutoouDtc
    mnanBaurH c laaHarara 6e3ryHHa Houl cnoxxta Kpali Ha reni
    ripc\llr,ralj Arnjue. pei|r, n rtolr( llntr nr u,.1r rrr,1n,. rc,kr
    seB!3Me3ArMr.r 3ary6s, (oxro crpyBarq rorKosa r'tsoro Ha puMntrrtre. 12. OL(e cLr - !pv"""r" p.,r,ci A .\,.,,,., . !.,,., . , _ ,,.,.,,.,, r.,.,,,, ,. i.,. ,j;;. ;,;;
    :rnpaqaBaHero nMneparop1,r. (onro 6rn - - 8cpe.q npocrxr! !o r1r.,.,.,e T^r,'c. \1,..J,,,.,., t1,,
    sonHxux (3auro,o HxKon He nperesaspa !a ro e B4tn tn,t !a e 6un c lrero). na:rrrrtr rr,,,,,., \,t,,., \,.,, ,.;.f;';.f,,.';;,,,.j,,j,,,;':,1
    cvbplHo pdHeH or crpend Ir r\rdKcrr 11rllxHan: He ,ir| o rr rrr p ,l,r,fJr ';'
    lfii'-li.il' r"l o ".rLt.r,rr|r.
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    "
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    Hr{xaae. 3aqoro HrKox or Bparosere atjlro ce HnBbprarlrr no re3!i \recra. 3a jrr uoi'^r,BL-J'x 11.n.,,," rr
    orpa6Bar vbpruBqrrre ce c dqr.rBo !rrx ^tBeerLr H irr' ( rr...,,,.1,-."u" ,, ,r,.i,,;,,,.,, ..l;'..-:.
    crr rnIe ',,,,.....r.,,in.,,
    xopa He nocMrt aa ce ao6x xrr aoraM
    JlaKTasqdfi (lV r. or u.e.) yqfiTe,r fio peropxKa. B6snura're,rr tril EBcesari KecuprricKu (lV a. or r.e_) \pxcrrrrrcxr cnrrixTrn u
    - jtpollrt
    6uorpa@ xa Kosc,ragrrrtr Bc.,trrK!,r. }j3rJecrcfl
    [MnepaTopcKxTe c{HoBe; B cBoiTa anor'loreTr.rKa Ha xpucTlqHcKlll-f 8ct{rrKo ct,c ca()rra
    MBrreHHrIn Toiii plcyBa MopallEriq o6ruK Ha p!,rNlcKxre xMnepaTopr. ..Uapl"erri, lctof\1r". HcrnB,,t,' rBuf\i,((tiJ,t L L.,,1lej1{(H rrJ3uD.rir
    C npeCneIBaHAtTa Cl{ Ha XpXCTrirHX, p3lnfu(]pcIrB:tli, tu :t \l \t,trIl\t,,f,, b pI!cKJt;r \lIcnxr.
    ,

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    ' Lactantirs, 31: Edu|nbn ia tnorepa|nlHochi Ha u.utl.ptnr'l t_^"',i'. r,A-. tt,,,.. t,,. :, ,r, r,,,*u,Dt tnuEta td Koautu Dunl u
    ranep i (3lL ) .Tuttunui t.t 1.1 ,. )

    faneprn, Han-3noc,HUrr npo'r,rsHuK Ha xpucrnrHrre. nper! c\rlprra .,r


    ry6nuKyBa B Cepau(a cneaHrr earrKr 3aealro c KoHcraHrrrts ! jlnqntsHri:
    ..BcpeA ocratsannre HapeA6r{, (oHro urraoairrr ra norra n
    mroaa Ha o6nroro !eno. Hre Aocera ce npnalpxaxve xav xerarrero- caoiiprnn'
    crzprle ,dRoir{, kdxro r crer8Jikr r6paruHarr lper5d Ha p vrqHllre. IJ \crp "
    Bctr'rro no norooa8aru H rp xx!. uroro rd dbral Bb.DapH"rrr kL{ , r .
    pa3yM r xprc,IlrHxre. or pexrrrnqra Ha cBonre nperqrr. 3auroro r,,
    HrKaxB{ dpxc Hu caurrre. \pxcrnrHn 6xBaxa o6xBaruaHr or rrKr8l
    cBoespaBBocr r rrynocr. ra He cneaBaxa 3aBelraHoro fiv or rpeBHrre. saBereriL'
    BepoerEo or rexHr{re co6crBetsu,qe!x. a no rrxsa npe{eH(. ! xe-raHre c}rrotx\.r
    raionn. xouro 0a 6b[a1 chdnbrasdHrr rr d pelrud od.r].r'r ode pn\J rJ,ereHl
    B eAuHHt o6rlHocrn. Cnea {aro roraBa H!e rrrra,ro\!e saperSa ra BarBp}xraHe ( r!
    3aBexrarara or ApeBHrre yper6a. or raa6n ]a xruor
    cMapr. apyrrr naK 6rxr nporoueuu or poreH Jo\r rt crpqxa. h roHexe noBelr. !i
    ynopcrBaxa B rI Hrre ce )oe.rnri\re.
    noraraqara x:{ ce notrtrr. a raqexa cavo 6ora Ha rpucrr'tHlire. ro nperBnr.orr\iiri,
    clr 5narocr rr :r ri ( bo0p.'rqB.',rKr L( rbc Lhon.ruLrr.r
    !a onpoua$ve .< rpq6B. rJ pJ,npoLrp(!
    xpllcrrieHxre.
    Ha.- cr o.-"rJt \pILlliflHx ri ra llv :are pJitrr.r ', '
    olHoso l. BBn rJ oBtr (hd|FJHric i I B u'irr '.r'iHrrr<
    308
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    1lI rll
    H Chadwick D,e Kirche in der Anriken Weh. Bertin- 1972.
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    (. rChn(apnol La lin du nDnde anrique. Parn. 1976.
    n J rH'.g Der Unrerf,rf -r. Rirn^chen Rc'.hc. D:'m\r4ar. to?O (wege der Forchn.B 269).
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    ' Jid Ponar.. A D dtt S\r P"n,ero -o8n
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    375 178 D. Hofinann. Das sptri)nische Bewceunesheer und die Notitia Dignitalum. Dtsseldorf, 1969, l-lt.
    fparLlIH r Ba,cHr H. M Jones Thc De.line and Fall of the Roman Empne. - Histoly 40, 1955, 209 fL
    37S r.
    H M Jones. The Larer Rona. Enpire. 234-602. A Social. Eco.onic and Ailminirrarive Sutudy.
    Oxford. 196.1. I lll
    rorrrc prralurr tsll"adrr npr Xxlpr:rBonon. A. H. M. JoDes er al The Prosopography or the Larer Ronan Enpne. Vot. r, A. D. 2.r'J 395.
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    Pd,ctrold. R.,TJ rere'n. Frrdc..u' lr pcu or..mc -oma.4 JaD IO(.ocn i,l
    inva$o.r. Rome. 1967.
    X\nrlTL'Hr Arnra prroll]]r ntll Kari.1)Hc(rre norr rPxrr Tpoa. A ns,niol. I ) nptr" .\'('?n ll.:r-.41,. PJ'ij 1972 .
    6. P., I r.' 7ur a;o..rr.p Ja :n i.en Skt.vc.rurd Koonenqr ._t dtr iL.
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    Rciches. Entona 22. 1913, 732 ll
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    B \'i k1. lr UlFr{!lu'per zu, Ar!.nootr'r rn ae- \prLrr,\r. 306 395 .. Chr. Bonn,
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    ^r
    tloxil,r rrr rorrcnotqn Rr[io]Ir 6c r{. rrr Erdr.!. "o*-
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    In);r.rrc \frnpo lllp!'\ r,! ncoriunre r ryx ocraBere.
    c ac.r nanrllritlrrrj r|r:l A\jr!;ro'l Ao ur!toxrr Axc ir_ ,qoKa-ro Bnc casrlre orluerc q npoBepxre
    S:r0 [onro l rrxrn ro;l'r nfcsLr\o:u i ;l!n.\ no 3c\ilra, Brp o rx Bctr!(o parKa3ar Hr rBaMa BU HeBepHo.*
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    \ll.riJr ;rrBri. jrorr'jlc i)!nifon rr.br"roIulr rnrrHl. ..,loroHc. rx N'scar B xvxa cx Hc Bnaran
    Ic )nccrr!.\r Krr,,n. arits..\r Nrfllr] Br,! C..t\r. uro\r Hr fionrjrHa B pluere. Ila(ap {e H,r 0e c none3eH,
    \\arnr (r,olr rlrr'pc] KI rj f.xnlr llxtRHxn. Axo re n)cncv cBo6oierr cera ! ornparlr,i o6parHo,
    555 'r\ru\x
    B ELurr. .t.r Lfclrl r slcoKr | {rilc 8r,! K})\rflr. nocxe o]lroBo ure :oriretrr npn tsxurre xopa6 ne(x
    O:rrr |. r..o Frrrrrto.lr:roDrio\r riN arrsoHl !r pa3\nrrBau noraiHo H.rn ra cc 6!errr orxplro.
    qnr or :r.r.!Hr Arr(,r- (r_lcro ct.a)llj .. 106IB!. llo axo nxa no.nHexr. cparcH or paqere N{r cHiHe.
    l\liur r.'ruo o,. \to! ir Er(,!. !c,u nc!. rr Hr\la ft a'Lrcu 6ena la aprxnq!.-
    .' r.' f r Ilir.rr. i r. , r"!.u. '.rr' I t.r r.' Lr \ 'rr(ora
    ,fo:rorr onllft cBc eipa p-!x.r !a M\ nrnHe 6paja.ra.
    i\hl) ILl'rr I fririr. \arr 01 l6u.rr ri s \rrL Erros. ncKrir(r ra ro c tlrea rcpoqr 3a!'axHa,
    .or\!| ll :ln\ rx orrrr,!r!I rlorriaJr. !\ \:rapx r rBere !\ xtsr! npeprsa.
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    r..r .'r \. r. ., " Il.. .. -..r.r.
    A nr,( \.orrrLr If.:lr{rklrIf a,r\r 01 \l(.rr,r }r .\rrr dr. LLrroTo l\onxc. .rL(a. r al'Ilto
    sr)i toai]rlc Ur 'lrr!!.r ri fr .r.tirr rri!4,,i l,,rc, Uat Oirr..i 6o.ot!tseH rr rrrr'ra tsa.ope c r{orrlrla
    Bo:rc\r 3 60, \r.orLrr. f.r.'rLr npI Irur rr.irLi.r',leri r' ,.. r ,..i .\,r'r,.,. ,r r.. ,( puu,rh .,
    llxcr ii. F()ji,! rLr KltrLntrl r.oln)t rrfnr\!r!. ..PrrBirn ce. rn!!r 6ofliHr,o. a rcrr rpoqHcKr{ rpoqJe!l
    r!rn0r N6rrr I l\1 .r.r. Htrn.l)rlrtox. rrlHI u13 r.trrcrr. Il],trr rter BcxqNrr iid.yaprrrl I Oi!\rn re :oneNr srii ra novoq.

    .ltt 329
    : rr rt npergox,qall ;io ;rrp;re n ro xosere rp"x'l"*'l-
    HoD1. Il.. Ix
    465 Tan Ka3:i r{ap Oaflceir n aocnexrre MerHa BxcoKo. 121
    Ha raMapr{cK r'.{ rpoBec,' n sces nM 6ener nocraB!.
    Monre AapoBe c(ann npcA uac qe noco,ra noApo6Ho:
    '{ynenKn Haprq rprcrrxa rr Kncecr KnosaK ravap c'(o8.
    cenev rpxHoxg$Ra xoBx x Aecer r:r,raHra or xraro.
    Aa rH HaMePqr ce Bprrrar BrB lrpa(a.
    TplrHaxa nocne Banpea npe3 Aocnexn x KlpBaBt{ noKBx. ABatecer cBernx 6a(6pa. IBaHaAecer xpaHeHH noHq,
    Tldlo BEpBrxa, aocrtrHaxa c(opo Boiicmra rpaKnncxa. Iero noberr ne,]cnrr B HdAbnrBaHe ,vAo B nonerc.
    Cnrxa Maxere or rpya ri3ro!{esq; locnexu qylecHr HnKox kc 6x Mor6n 6e!eH uo 6h!e n Hsi{a aa uva
    cnoxesH 6rxa ao rrx qa 3eMtra B Tpa npaBx peaxqtr. )rua oi ueHHo.u t1aro. qov jorxoBa roH npHrexaBa.
    6nxro !o Bcektr rpaKlleu c'rotxa nsd KoHt BnperHarH Ko're qx !oHeco\, ureapl Hirpa!I,|.
    Cneure B cpeaara qap Pe3oc, Ao sero - KoHere My 6r,p3r{,
    uure npetlJrav H celeM Har-cpbqHr poouHH or tec6oc.
    475 Bap3aHn rope cac peMaus 3a KonecHtt'rHst o6paq. Ar rx rr6fr\ uov parcuna flenxq MHoronrcnHHn ocrpoB.
    re sarv Hnsar no xyoocr xejrrle. poreHr or cvsprHx
    Hon II, XVIII, 511 sqq: 3a onkoca Ha dButeec
    rqr ure Mv npaff. a c ffx _ lrBHo6v3ara urepxa Ha 6pH?a.
    Ero npe! scrq(x cera ce 3axrreaau c; serrrxa:
    -"rsanocrenq.
    Epujexld He nerHa\ B68 6pa,rHa
    HrrEa Ha nlxra npercraBn clc ruoaHa r pox(asa ytap.
    rrpHa r{ rpr{x npeoPaHa. a MHoro opaq' !1 Ber cac xeHI, aa nosr}flBar,
    mpar panara BaB BrrPrra, HacaM u HaraM rs Ba38uBar. PcuqKo roBa ure no
    jy'{u seaHara Arr,1 6oropaBeH.
    BrrHarH qoM ce 3aBpaurar Ha cnora Ha ryqHa-ra HHBa, AI(o raazr 6oroBere Da cpuHeM rpaAa Ha npraMa.
    , cav He\a rotre. kofaro paraerqve
    545 rnla qoBeK r{ norHacr B pbqere xM caua roitMa
    c MeaeHo BxHo, a re ce oopauar orHoBo B 6Pa3qr{re. Aa cy aananHs lorope urr Kopa6 cac MeA H c6c 3naro,
    xarsH fro-cxopo aa crrrHar ao Kpat Ha n,loaHara HxBa. cd\r !d cx BreMe MaqeLe.r lrBHo KpacxB rporHKr.r.
    n6nB,r no rlrrocr crponHocr crer Haua treHa aprxxxa.
    Tq 3ar rbp6a rM qepHee. noro6Ha Ha poxKaBa opaH,
    a n}{ e urna or rndro: HdnpaBn roii trcrxHcko ') ro. Axo ce BlpEeM BTB Aproc axeiicxx.3eM' r,nonopoaHa,
    550 t43Mancropr nocne HrBa npocropHa c Blrcoxa nueH{ua.
    3er Aa Mx craHe x a3 u{e ro raqa HapaBHo c Opesra,
    XaHar x3 Hei xlrBapll cac crpnoBe ocrpfl B pBlrere. cxH vofi oox,raH. orrnexaan larese
    va\r 1fr uepNij B MuheHa. B asopeud rtr lpaso,,lnnqaH.
    PaKonxx B PerHUr' Xpnroreunra. l.ld aHaca H Jlao!n,(a.
    CnrHu Bp63Baqt
    TpHMa Bpl3Bacx no cran(flr€ cneABar x€rBapnre cpb{Hn. Hexa 6e3 orr)n ori(dpa. xoqro clr HcKa ol re.
    555 A flax leqara cb6{par BE6 cBonre nperpaqKH pBKoiiktr.
    'p
    B lrapcKrr roM Ha Ilenecl s AapoBe a3 ure npu6aBe
    rpynar rr flapraBo. CaM rocnoAaptr c rotra B paxara. xoirKoro flrl{oi{ 6aura He e laBan Ha cBo',ra qepxa.
    c palocr B caprrero.6eivbnBeH cpe! 1r\ Hd 5p1,Iala racrasa. cac coqsa rpeBa, KapnaMnna. EHona.
    forM, Ha6nmo Becrrrenx o6ea noa la6osa ctHxa. Oepa. AHrer. clc rlqHr ntsBarx.
    _ Fa6p Bon H uerar )c6p!Ho kpaii Hero:
    oue tneq kpdrrBJ n(r3c. c rorr np( rnbnHeH
    560 6rno 6pa'rHo 3q {erBapcKa roqaBKa 3avecBar xeHxre.
    Xy6aBo no3€, orpynaHo c rpo3ae, t3atta or rnaro P"',"" * q. vo|ero. kpal rpeBHtre ,caqe,{ nhnoc.
    lpo3Aose,repHu r eAps yBrrcBar HaBpe! no no3xre.
    '. x\ra] cTafa o1 03ue P roBela.
    Bccxa noAnPtHa yMeno cac cpeoapHll Alrnnr lloAoopui.
    C raveH po8 roi ro onaca n oue c onoBHa ortdla. HoDl., Il., WIII, 190 sqq: c'o'odpume ropa
    565 Bdnr Hanprxo nper nolero cavo elHHqxa nbrera.
    noc.rc atercraBn rBd rpara uBcryru cb\
    faero MHHaBar HocaqlT€; uloM rporao6eP ce 3aroeHe. ^ur.nx cvhplHx.
    E napsxq cBdru'r \e B!rrraT. rouiaBxp u nnpurcflBa
    A nax aeBoirxu n loHolxfi c paaocrHo tr)"BcrBo B capuara fltst u rrraa ce nrFe,},rar HcBecru or 6I,caHr eefrorx
    nhuHH.
    Kollisrrqu veaeHocna,qKH rpo3foBe.
    TaM cpea xpara Ha vnalextne \roMllx cac qrrrpa 3BaHr Ba c arau ,ardreH Qd(.'r H c'r.,r6eH"
    570 cBrpn HrpnBo ll nee cac rxac 6naro3ByleH rr nexeH B KpLUrHo xopa ce noHacsr Mna.sexx. eeBpBcry rrpavr.
    Cpjeirfi x q'{rpx cpenara niaaBar
    _xy6asa JIrHoBa_ neceL Te rpyxHo norponB ra{r \opoBo/rcH -B
    CIII1e..llt nper tGriir:Irrt noprx. lxsrr ce y pa!r-i-;EEiiA--
    ci€A8ar ro C necefi x Kxxor
    Caqo c!3aa!e r cra.qo - 6e3qer npaBoporx roBera. A nrli nnoualLr o6uspeH e nLreH clc xopa crlnneHr{.
    KDaBrre noBxo Trxtia peurauar x cnopflr rBaMxHa ?a Kpr,Bfirtr orKyn:
    5rs *J* o-pa*' fihf8r'lr nar . 3a yo(rur Beq..
    "e pexars oryvnxBa n3
    {ax ao cac rpacrx'ra. l,Irl)lrrr rL( qe srllro He e nojlqasaj.
    qerxpr 3rarHH nacrntx crornpar ro,lt\roro cra.ro. JlsJ\rJr, HLr.,r ntrr c61 .ra p(urrr c6c.unjr;.<nx rnori
    (y\!ra reBer rn creABar or6ru3o c Ho3e 6aproroHHlr. Xofr or luc crpaHx Br{Kar. ia Bcek eAi{{
    A rr!urarar c\nrpruar Hapora. ll caAHsau-craprlH
    130
    3-',1I
    craar lra KaMaHt rnaaKu. B cBexreHut xpbr rrapeAeux:BecTsrc,l' E!pIo er,6pr c
    505 gcexv e p6Kira crc cl(onrap Ha Eeu 3BaHKornaceH ul()tr xlro cc,lt{rrr Irr!1..1 .e rr)|..c.
    qar lrprrcala qeRcr Bccrxrcillr.
    craBar. Ha cKlnrap noanpeHx' ,r peloNr s3p rJr er|rt,.L\J Be,rc.
    A no cperara ABa 3nfrHx raiasra'
    npeaHa3aaqeH{ B cala onPaulaqr' .,,r 'l I, ,L r,,L ]rr|
    ' .\rI)r!! e. s.rlrilr
    CrrPtxa;u rifKar. r rrrp,\Jd!c\rrr(rr
    Hom. II, 50 sqq: c1i6e a cnapeiuttLHu|t u wpadHa c xcrar B p Lrrrr.
    Uao AravevHoH !nprrn.r 3e\r renr rprcHnpetr{Bn llrt. I.l7t .rt .k,r.trrtt)r| 4dr \ttrrt.
    4d nolosdr Hd cbdpdHne \\6rBoKocrr J\'ru ...rr..r,, ,r,,r' rll,..,,rq.\.,,,..,..f,i...,,.1,(...^.,r.
    BtKaxa Mgoro eaHsre. a apJrrtire uaBaxa oap3o
    nEoBo BaKdnz lta \elHar B LaBer'' prrvrHrir( ':rpuI Borerl B cB()llrc roicK {I |trLJr I' c,,r ri Ir. Ie I' (.rtr a|] I It)ev,i,,,r rI rx
    o,r,,o io ropao HJ Hc.rop snrreren 'r nr'1"( \raret'rKl or Li.rf,)|rirc. Ir .c rrr\fljtx I ,,p&,rrr r,L.,ir) Jrjj o., rerrr nr \t, roc.
    xa,o""puri
    55 Cnea rlvn-e. scnq(u cb5pa. nperuoxeHl{€ xrrpo HrnpaBs: Hap r.r.rJl .c ;lor,, r(oh
    nortrenx Eu^nqr che 6e nt'trtrrie:' rroae. npx \'rHe npoH'rxru ! |o cr.p llrjotur lff.!l| . 'i.rf(,![c .rr)!|rr).r. af
    ,ri-Hd. qanbjHo ro006r.H Ia H.fl"f rb.H .. ,r L \.,r r,, \.r.,,-
    x '1 , ,.',,\.' .1.! ,, ,., . \t.,,..
    xa*ro no prci no o6pJJ. ra(a no crponHa ocaH(a
    Cnpt ao rraBara' Ntt 6rx3o !v\It r3(sBa \'{ (arai c: rfi ir\ ' ! |...J"...\.r.r.rj
    60 .,Cnx I Ha csren'e KoHecMrpIrrcr Arpctl
    BoxAar-cbBerHxx He rps6Ba Houra cx r.]I(a ra pocnr8a:
    BtpBdr Hd Heru Bon\rrrle H Bc{Hrl !P13 toii Ji\i
    q lltt l.1 .tuat\\\ !rr ta Id r(tt \tutrx
    i,i;. *- * njcnlucx 'Jluoru 'hs rrpJrcH r leB'o.
    I(ouro. rdne're ol rc6e ra 1e'ie Le rD'r,rfi '+J rrr IItPsnrr srr.ier.r. rr k(,!,ro lprrr||rri) |I criJnJ|,r,1. r prl,j ,j. rRr
    05 3eBc HJperu qa nprrrorqxu '0 60,r ! "nrolio'tr a\"rrr r{ ',.t,,i r l. ..,.,, ]t.,r. t. .,,r , !i i.,t .i ;,,., .,...
    rxuDororo\vHa.a Ipuq HJii_ re.eo cetJ ue rpLDle reu \rcpero. (,,cro .cra ce rrrJrr! rr Krjr rr.rlr rId.r',r _ ,,,,1,!\,rrr
    *,i .'.i, He Lnon' LJvr norogere d' (\'\n Hrr (i r,) Jr|x l,Br Otrrrr rr rr||ru r.,r ri ! Jr
    "eqe
    aocrono'rreuara Xepa i vo:r6a e npqavrtana scurxr'
    \ prrrjrc:r Jr! .,)aeIi, jflc (n crrrr,!r LrLr. r1,n).rxr)r) v,), r.j.
    MHo.o neqac'rte 3eBc orpeAu ra rpotHtlq rracKopo par6xpr Lc. riptfilerrri rcjx !(,Jr! .r \|)])cLnr( f.rrn,|tri i|.
    70 Bcx!xo Ao6pe ra raflo\rHxuL' ToBa ('ro (ard 'ra erie' aprrxorrire ()r r |cr(,Brr! prrre
    Murov urqe:sa 6e3uyvHo ts cxarxxtr caH \re uanlcHa
    He(a o6v,rcnnv KaH 6x\\te nuBer rd ':iJ k1 r\enLr'
    flbpBo cera aa onHraM c1c A]r'[i aoKor(oro ir'orr' cncnBa I)[I'O(]ll rl l.\.t$llt
    21..1. lJ
    ra HJoene ad nn6tnrrr Nh{ H'rrrrre \'pr6x
    6r DaJH'r \r.Llr rri iJlhl'{rirr L nj)r.vrrc .rx I'rrrrr{) r)itrcii ri rr,) \(pr rru.Iju crp,,cArr rr
    '" gue
    is " -c..,.'" nocxe cx cerHa. Cpea rex ce rrrnpaBn uap flecrop' J|r . 'flr. ,r .. r.i..t r., .,,
    Koiiro orraBHa uapynaue r lpesHltt ntcaqeH nrrroc Kt,rr rit(r \\ ll h irn rr ( '
    EnaroBdrreoeH ! uBd '!:'rou't'r: : Krrxro rrarre ra:rerIrlflp rcro rr rri(irr)rt) ilicv,, ti | ,r !,r!,,,ic.
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    . bderHxr
    or arerrunre 3. Ilt)r(fIerc R Efl|rcr I X!r!rrrr
    80 To3x caH axo Hx Kaxeue rpvr 'rHec(a' _l,pAiLrjr_ ej,rt)!!rr]jrJIrrJ ,r!
    6sxMe naxeq ro qapextn n cKopo caHt ure raopaDritr' Jrr !(Jfc(tlrc rrrPoi|r
    Ho € cEuyBan. repotr. nPr3HaBas 3a flpbB cpea arerrurr'
    I K. .., rt.r.,, r! rL . rt v.r\jr\
    HeKa o6r;rcntv Kax 6nx\te noBenu ts3 6nrKa Bo'ic{ara i Jl'rrr,rf.r.rt.:r( ..:.r,r.r I ., 1t,,,., L, ,.1

    T6n Ka3a crapxtr H.c,op a npas or cr'8era c'r rparHa a\crq rro r)ajji.cr3()
    85 Ilp\xHo scr'rKrr udpe cixnrfuiocr n ca lrcHri
    - i"",rt Boxr Ha Hcpold BoxcrisrJ ce "6rrp'uc Bek"
    "Kaxro Pogqd ncenrt saxyxalu :1.J. It.\xt{It -L{Iu It IlotIt- ttt
    or fleorePa B HoBn rr HoBrt npnxxrar
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    - gKrnov
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    337
    'anoir'rTe.ATiHa.xM''b6;q,nnao6BGp3Banonurnqecxyre
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    338
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    355
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    -16
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    386 387
    . 25.2. nOABPAHIi H3BOPI' nnatrnr Ha tianK'rre ,{o 'ro flpn,rpr^rurH rknrc,r.ro or ae\. llu
    eAHxTeHoxlTanp!iaBaxlcllc,ocT.llalpvlrffc_eTI1lriy.nrJrTc
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    388
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