CRUISE SCHOOL 2013 E.C.

Date: - Friday, Nov 27 / 2020

Grade: - . 8 .
Subject: -Mathematics
Lesson 6

The square root of a rational number

Define Square roots
For any two rational number a and b if a2 = b then a is called the square root of b.
Example 1
a. 9 is the square root of 81 since 92 = 81
b. 0.5 is the square root of 0.25 since (0.5)2 = 0.25
Example 2 the area of a square is 49m2 what is the length of each side.
Solution: Area of square with side s is given by the formula
A = S2
S2 = 49m2
S = 7m
Note:
i. “Square root” is the inverse of “square of a number”
ii. “extracting square root” is the inverse of the operation “Squaring”
iii. In extracting square root of rational numbers, First decompose the number into a product consisting of
two equal factors and take one of the equal factor as the given square root of the given number
iv. The symbol (notation of) square root is “√ ” radical sign
v. For b  0 the expression √𝑏 is called radical b and the number b is called a radicand
vi. The relation of squaring and square root can be expressed as follow.
a→ squaring → a2 = b for b0
a square root  a2
vii. ais the square root of b and written as a = √𝑏 .
Example: Find the square root of
a. 100 →√100 = √2𝑥2𝑥5𝑥5 = 2x5 = 10
b. 625 →√625√5𝑥5𝑥5𝑥5 = 5 x = 25
c. 1600 →√2𝑥2𝑥2𝑥2𝑥2𝑥2𝑥5𝑥5 = 2x2x2x25 = 40
NOTE: for any two rational number a and b , a > 0 and b > 0

2013 E.C. CRUISE SCHOOL, A.A Math (6th period Lesson) GRADE 8 Page 1
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i. √𝑎 + √𝑏 ≠ √𝑎 + 𝑏
ii. √𝑎 − √𝑏 ≠ √𝑎 − 𝑏
iii. √𝑎 . √𝑏 = √𝑎𝑏
√𝑎 √𝑎
iv. = for b  0
√𝑏 √𝑏
2
v. (√𝑎) = a
Exercise
1. Determine whether each of the following statement is true or false
900 −30
a. √0 = 0 d. -√121 = -11 g. -√961 = 31

36 1
b. √25 = ±5 e. √324 = 3

1 1 324 18
c. √ = ± f. √ =
4 2 625 25

2. Find the square root of each other following

a. 289
b. 361
c. 441
3. Evaluate each of the following
1 − 36 − √529
a. √25 𝑏. √144 𝑐. √576 𝑑.
√625

𝑥 𝑥2 𝑦2
4. If = -2 then find √ +
𝑦 𝑦2 𝑥2

5. Simplify √(81)2 + √(49)2

2
6. If x = 16 and y = 625 then find (2√𝑥 + 𝑦)
Define: If a number y  0 is the square of a positive number x (x  0) then the number x is called the
square root of y this can be written as x = √𝑦
Example find
1 √1 1
a. √0.01 = √100 = = 10
= 0.1
√100

√7921 7921 89
b. √0.7921 = √10000 = √ = = 0.89
√10000 100

81 √81 9
c. √0.81 = √100 = = 10 = 0.9
√100

Exercise
Simplify
a. √35.88
b. √36.46

2013 E.C. CRUISE SCHOOL, A.A Math (6th period Lesson) GRADE 8 Page 2
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c. √89.87
d. √99.80
Square roots of perfect squares
Note the following properties of squares are important
(ab)2 = a2 x b2
𝑎 2 𝑎2
(𝑏 ) = 𝑏2 where b  0

➢ A number is called a perfect square, if it is the square of a rational number

➢ Properties of square root for a  0 , b  0
𝑎 √𝑎
If √𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 √𝑏 represent rational number then √𝑎𝑏 = √𝑎√𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑√𝑏 = where b  0
√𝑏

Example determine whether each of the following numbers is a perfect square or not
a. 36
49
b. 25

Solution
a. 36 is a perfect square b/c 36 = 62 or √36 = 6
49 49 7 2 49 √49 7
b. is a perfect square b/c = ( ) or √ = =
25 25 5 25 √25 5
Exercise
1. Determine whether each of the following statements is true or false
a. √64 𝑥 25 = √64 𝑥 √25
64
b. √ 4 = 4

32 √32
c. √64 =
√64

0
d. √1296 = 0

1296
e. √ =1
0
2. Evaluate each of the following
a. √0.0625
1296
b. √1024

625
c. √1024

81
d. √324

2013 E.C. CRUISE SCHOOL, A.A Math (6th period Lesson) GRADE 8 Page 3