NAME: JASMINE KAUR (23) and AKANKSHA (04)

TITLE: RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT ON SODIUM ION BATTERIES

INTRODUCTION:
There has been plenty of research and development on the rechargeable lithium batteries, also known
as the Lithium-ion Batteries (LIB) since their commercialization in 1991. By this time, we have very
sophisticated and high energy LIBs available in the market and more research is still going on. As the
need for renewable energy is increasing day by day, electrical energy is seen as a more viable and
greener approach in achieving the energy sufficiency, be it for Electrical Vehicles or for various Electrical
Energy Storage devices. The energy of LIB has been increased from 100Wh to 5000-20000Wh for (plug
in) hybrid electrical vehicles and some battery companies have also developed LIBs with megawatt hour
MWh scale for electrical energy storage.

Even though the studies of using Li†/ Na† ions as charge carriers for electrochemical energy storage
started almost at the same time but due to lack of research on them, Na† ion batteries (NIB) did not get
that much developed over the time. But it is high time that more research and development be done on
NIBs as well since we know that Lithium resources are very unevenly distributed and the production of
LIBs depend on its import mostly from South America while in contrast Sodium resources are unlimited
everywhere and it is one of the most abundant resources on the Earth’s crust. Also, Sodium is just the
next alkali metal to Lithium in the periodic table and has many similarities with it. Therefore, on the
basis of abundance and standard electrode potential, NIBs can totally be an ideal alternative to NIBs.

OBJECTIVES:
The objective of this review paper is to study the recent advances in the development of NIBs and
compare the advantages and disadvantages of using Sodium ion batteries as an alternative to Lithium
ion batteries.

RESEARCH PLAN:
We will thoroughly read the chosen review paper and search about related topics to get complete
knowledge about the subject chosen and suggest what can be the best possible outcome if we use NIBs.

CONCLUSION:
The development in the NIBs will be reviewed, especially the advances made in the past decade. The
chemistry of Lithium and Sodium for electrochemical energy devices will be discussed, including the
different electrode materials, crystallography, kinetics and thermodynamics of Lithium and Sodium ion
chemistry. Thereby discussing the possibility of NIBs being a competitive and attractive battery system
as compared to LIBs and the difficulties that can come in the process.

REFERENCE:
Yabuuchi, N., Kubota, K., Dahbi, M., &Komaba, S. (2014). Research development on sodium-ion
batteries. Chemical reviews, 114(23), 11636-11682.