APPENDIX 27

ALTERNATIVE REQUIREMENTS FOR GLASS-LINED

VESSELS

27-1 SCOPE critical section, and for one additional

section in each direction therefrom at a
The rules of this Appendix cover acceptable alterna-
distance not exceeding 0.2D2. The aver-
tive requirements that are applicable to glass-lined
age of the three readings for D1 and
(enameled-lined) vessels. All applicable requirements
D2, respectively, shall be inserted in the
in this Division are mandatory except as modified
formula.
herein.
P ′p reduced maximum allowable working
pressure, psi (kPa), to be stamped on
the nameplate of the vessel and shown
27-2 PERMISSIBLE OUT-OF- on the Manufacturer’s Data Report
ROUNDNESS OF CYLINDRICAL
SHELLS UNDER INTERNAL NOTE: Use P ′ p P when Sb ≤ 0.25S
PRESSURE
If the out-of-roundness of a glass lined cylindrical Ppmaximum allowable working pressure
vessel exceeds the limits in UG-80(a)(1) or UG-80(a)(2), for shell meeting the requirements of
or in both, and the condition cannot be corrected, the UG-80(a)(1), psi (kPa)
maximum allowable working pressure may be calculated Rapaverage radius to middle of shell wall
as follows. at critical section, in. (mm)
27-2(a) The out-of-roundness, as determined by the p 1⁄4 (D1 + D2) + t /2
maximum difference between any two diameters for R1paverage inside radius at critical section,
any cross section, shall not exceed 3%. in. (mm)
27-2(b) The shell shall be certified for a lower p 1⁄4 (D1 + D2)
internal pressure by the following formula: Spdesign stress value, psi (kPa), at metal
service temperature

冤 冥
Sbpbending stress, psi (kPa), at metal service
1.25 temperature
Reduced pressure P ′ p P
Sb tp nominal thickness of vessel shell, in.
+1
S (mm)

and in which

1.5PR1 t(D1 − D2 )
Sb p 27-3 HYDROSTATIC TEST
P
t 3 + 3 R1 Ra2
E The hydrostatic test pressure for glass-lined vessels
shall be at least equal to, but need not exceed, the
where maximum allowable working pressure to be marked
Epmodulus of elasticity, psi (kPa), at metal on the vessel; the hydrostatic test pressure for jackets
temperature from Table UF-27 of glass-lined vessels shall be at least equal to, but
D1 and D2p the inside diameters, maximum and mini- need not exceed, the maximum allowable working
mum, respectively, as measured for the pressure to be marked on the jacket.

481

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 27-4 2001 SECTION VIII — DIVISION 1
01 27-4 HEAT TREATMENT OF TEST
SPECIMENS
27-4(a) Except when impact testing per UCS-66 is
required, and in lieu of the requirements of UCS-85,
the plate, forging, pipe, and strip steels used in the
production of glass-lined vessels may be represented
by test specimens that meet the following requirements:
27-4(a)(1) the test specimens shall be heat treated
two times, first to a temperature of 1675°F±25°F
(913°C±14°C), and then to a temperature that is nomi-
nally equal to the last (lowest) temperature of the
glassing cycle. The minimum holding time for each
heat treatment shall be 1⁄2 hr /in. of thickness;
27-4(a)(2) the materials shall be limited to SA-
106, SA-285, SA-414, SA-516, and SA-836; and
27-4(a)(3) the multiple temperature cycles used in
the glassing operation shall be within the range of
1450°F to 1700°F (788°C to 927°C), with at least one
cycle being above the upper transformation temperature
of the material. The vessel is to be held at temperature
approximately 1⁄2 hr /in. (1⁄2 hr /25 mm) of thickness,
and still-air-cooled to ambient.
27-4(b) SA-106, SA-285, SA-414 Grades A and B,
and SA-516 materials used in the production of glass-
lined vessels may be exempt from the simulated test
requirements of UCS-85 when the following require-
ments are met;
27-4(b)(1) the requirements of (a)(3) above;
27-4(b)(2) the carbon content of the materials shall
not exceed 0.25% by heat analysis;
27-4(b)(3) the tensile strength and yield strength
of the material, as represented by mill test specimens,
shall be at least 10% higher than the minimum specified
by the material specification;
27-4(b)(4) impact testing per UCS-66 is not re-
quired.
01 27-5 LOW TEMPERATURE OPERATION
Materials used in the fabrication of glass lined vessels
shall follow the impact testing requirements or exemp-
tions as defined within this Division with the exceptions
listed below.
27-5(a) SA-285 Grade C, for glass lined vessels,
may be assigned to Curve B in Fig. UCS-66 under
the following conditions:
27-5(a)(1) the maximum carbon content limit is
0.18%; and
27-5(a)(2) the glass operation shall be per 27-
4(a)(3).
482
COPYRIGHT American Society of Mechanical Engineers
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27-7
27-5(b) Stainless steel vessels fabricated from SA-
240 316L plate, SA-182 F316L forgings, SA-312
TP316L pipe, and SA-213 TP316L tubing may be
exempted from production impact tests per UHA-51,
provided the following conditions are met:
27-5(b)(1) The Welding Procedure Qualification
shall include impact tests in accordance with UHA-
51(b). Each heat or lot of consumable welding electrodes
shall be so tested. The test specimens shall be subjected
to the glass lined 316L stainless steel vessel glassing
cycle temperature, time, and cooling rates, and a number
of cycles that is equal to or greater than that of the
production vessels.
27-5(b)(2) The impact testing shall be done at a
temperature not warmer than the MDMT of the vessels.
The MDMT of the vessels shall be no colder than
−155°F (−104°C).
27-5(b)(3) The multiple temperature cycles used
in the glassing operation shall be within the range of
1400°F to 1700°F (760°C to 927°C). The vessel is to
be held at temperature approximately 1⁄2 hr/in. of thick-
ness (0.20 hr/cm of thickness) per cycle, and still-air-
cooled (nonquench) to ambient.
27-5(b)(4) As an alternative to (b)(1) through (b)(3)
above, impact testing is not required when the coincident
ratio of design stress [see footnote (3) of UHA-51] in
tension to allowable tensile stress is less than 0.35,
provided that the welding electrodes are certified to
SFA-5.4 Grade 316L-15 with a ferrite number not to
exceed 3, and provided that the MDMT of the vessels
is no colder than −200°F (−129°C).
27-6 POSTWELD HEAT TREATMENT
The heat treatment provided in the temperature cycle
for the glassing operation may be used in lieu of the
postweld heat treatment requirements of UW-40 and
UCS-56. The weld qualification test specimens required
by UW-28 and Section IX shall be heat treated per
27-4(a)(1). Inner vessels which are so heat treated need
not be again postweld heat treated after the attachment
to the jacket, if the joining welds do not require
postweld heat treatment.
27-7 DATA REPORTS
When all the requirements of this Division, as modi-
fied by the alternative requirements of this Appendix,
have been met, the following notation shall be entered
on the Manufacturer’s Data Report under Remarks,
“Constructed in Conformance With Appendix 27, Alter-
native Requirements for Glass-Lined Vessels.”