SUMMER TRAINING REPORT SUBMITTED TOWARDS THE PARTIALFULFILLMENT

OF

BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

SUMMER TRAINING PROJECT PEPORT

ON

A STUDY ON MISSION SWAVALAMBAN IN LETSENDORSE PVT LIMITED

Submitted By:

GUNIT SINGH OBEROI

00824001718
2018-21

INTERNAL GUIDE EXTERNAL GUIDE

Dr. Saranleen Kaur Varun Kashyap

(Associate Professor) (Co-Founder, LetsEndorse)

Trinity Institute of Professional Studies

Affiliate d To Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha Unive rsity

I
II
III
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is in particular that I am acknowledging my sincere feeling towards my mentors who graciously gave
me their time and expertise.

They have provided me with the valuable guidance, sustained efforts and friendly approach. It would
have been difficult to achieve the result in such a short span of time without their help.

I deem it my duty to record my gratitude towards the External project supervisor VARUN KASHYAP
(Co-Founder LetsEndorse) and Internal project supervisor Dr. SARANLEEN KAUR (Associate
Professor) who devoted his/her precious time to interact, guide and gave me the right approach to
accomplish the task and also helped me to enhance my knowledge and understanding of the project.

GUNIT SINGH OBEROI

00824001718
BBA
3rd Year / 5th Semester / II Shift

IV
 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the following documented project report titled “A STUDY ON MISSION
SWAVALAMBAN IN LETSENDORSE PVT LIMITED” Is an original and authentic work done by
me for the partial fulfilment of Bachelors of Business Administration degree program at
“LETSENDORSE”.

I hereby certify that all the Endeavour put in the fulfilment of the task are genuine and original to the best
of my knowledge & I have not submitted it earlier elsewhere.

GUNIT SINGH OBEROI

00824001718
BBA
3rd Year / 5th Semester / II Shift

V
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
S. Particulars Page No.
No.

1. Chapt e r-1 (Introduction & lite rature Revie w- Topic, Indus try & Firm) 1.
 History  2-9
 Introduction
2. Chapter-2 (Research Obje ctives & Methodology) 10.
 Research Objective of the study  11-15
 Research Methodology
 Research Design
 Types of research design
 Data Collection
 Sources of data collection(Primary & Secondary)
 Sampling Design
 Population/Unive rse
 Sampling Unit
 Sampling Size
 Sampling Area
 Sampling technique
 Sampling Instrume nt (Questionnaire)
 No. Of Questions
 Types of Questions
 Rating Scale(if used)
3. Chapter-3 (Data Processing, Analysis & Inte rpretation) 16.
 Data processing  17-30
 Analysis of the proble m unde r study
 Inte rpretation of the result

4. Findings 31.
5. Limitations 32.
6. Conclusion & Recomme ndations 33.
7. Bibliography 34.
8. Annexure 35.

VI
1. INTRODUCTION

1
 INDIA And INDIAN ECONOMY

INDIA, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the second- most populated country,
the seventh- largest country by land area, and the most populous democracyin the world. Bounded by
the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it
shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the north; and Bangladesh and
Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives;
its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.
India has been a secularfederal republic since 1950, governed in a democratic parliamentary system. It is
a pluralistic, multilingual and multi-ethnic society. India's population grew from 361 million in 1951 to
1,211 million in 2011. During the same time, its nominal per capita income increased from US$64 annually
to US$1,498, and its literacy rate from 16.6% to 74%. From being a comparatively destitute country in
1951, India has become a fast- growingmajor economy, a hub for information technology services, with an
expanding middle class.
According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the Indian economy in 2019 was nominally worth
$2.9 trillion; it is the fifth- largest economy by market exchange rates, and is around $11 trillion, the third-
largest by purchasing power parity, or PPP.With its average annual GDP growth rate of 5.8% over the past
two decades, and reaching 6.1% during 2011–2012, India is one of the world's fastest-growing
economies. However, the country ranks 139th in the world in nominal GDP per capita and 118th in GDP per
capita at PPP.Until 1991, all Indian governments followed protectionist policies that were influenced by
socialist economics. Widespread state intervention and regulation largely walled the economy off from the
outside world. An acute balance of payments crisis in 1991 forced the nation to liberalise its economy; since
then it has moved slowly towards a free- market system by emphasising both foreign trade and direct
investment inflows. India has been a member of WTO since 1 January 1995.

 The 513.7- million-worker Indian labour forceis the world's second- largest, as of 2016.
 The service sector makes up 55.6% of GDP, the industrial sector 26.3% and the agricultural sector
18.1%.
 India's foreign exchange remittances of US$70 billion in 2014, the largest in the world, were
contributed to its economy by 25 million Indians working in foreign countries.
 Major agricultural products include: rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, and potatoes
 Major industries include: textiles, telecommunications, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology,
food processing, steel, transport equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, and software.
 In 2006, the share of external trade in India's GDP stood at 24%, up from 6% in 1985.
 In 2008, India's share of world trade was 1.68%; In 2011, India was the world's tenth- largest importer
and the nineteenth- largest exporter.
 Major exports include: petroleum products, textile goods, jewellery, software, engineering goods,
chemicals, and manufactured leather goods.
 Major imports include: crude oil, machinery, gems, fertiliser, and chemicals.
 Between 2001 and 2011, the contribution of petrochemical and engineering goods to total exports
grew from 14% to 42%.
 India was the world's second largest textile exporter after China in the 2013 calendar year.
 Despite all the above achievements, from past years there is a downfall being record in the GDP
growth of the Indian economy:

2
 o India GDP growth rate for 2019 was 5.02%, a 1.1% decline from 2018.
o India GDP growth rate for 2018 was 6.12%, a 0.92% decline from 2017.
o India GDP growth rate for 2017 was 7.04%, a 1.21% decline from 2016.
o India GDP growth rate for 2016 was 8.26%, a 0.26% increase from 2015.
To talk about the factors affecting the decline in GDP of India, Lets first understand What GDP is all about
and what does the numbers reflects.
The gross domestic product (GDP) of a nation is an estimate of the total value of all the goods and services
it produced during a specific period, usually a quarter or a year. Its greatest use is as a point of comparison.
 GDP can be calculated by adding up all of the money spent by consumers, businesses, and
government in a given period.
 It may also be calculated by adding up all of the money received by all the participants in the
economy.
 In either case, the number is an estimate of "nominal GDP."
 Once adjusted to remove any effects due to inflation, "real GDP" is revealed.
There are two main ways to measure GDP :
1. Calculating GDP Based on Spending
One way of arriving at GDP is to count up all of the money spent by the different groups that participate in
the economy. These include consumers, businesses, and government. All pay for goods and services that
contribute to the GDP total.
In addition, some of the nation's goods and services are exported for sale overseas. And some of the products
and services that are consumed are imports from abroad. The GDP calculation accounts for spending on both
exports and imports.
Thus, a country’s GDP is the total of consumer spending (C) plus business investment (I) and government
spending (G), plus net exports, which is total exports minus total imports (X – M).
 GDP= C+I+G+(X-M)

2. Calculating GDP Based on Income

The flip side of spending is income. Thus, an estimate of GDP may reflect the total amount of income paid
to everyone in the country.This calculation includes all of the factors of production that make up an
economy. It includes the wages paid to labor, the rent earned by land, the return on capital in the form of
interest, and the entrepreneur’s profits. All of these make up the national income.
This approach is complicated by the need to make adjustments for some items that don't always appear in the
raw numbers. These include- Indirect business taxes such as sales taxes and property taxes;Depreciation, a
measure of the decreasing value of business equipment over time;Net foreign factor income, which is foreign
payments made to a country's citizens minus the payments those citizens made to foreigners.
In this income approach, the GDP of a country is calculated as its national income plus its indirect business
taxes and depreciation, plus its net foreign factor income.
How GDP Is Used:GDP is an important statistic that indicates whether an econo my is growing or
contracting. In all the Countries, the government releases an annualized GDP estimate for every quarter and
every year, followed by final figures for each of those periods.

3
 Tracking GDP over time helps a government make decisions such as whether to stimulate the economy by
pumping more cash into it or to cool it by pulling money out.
 Businesses may use GDP as a factor when deciding whether to expand or contract production or whether to
undertake major projects.
 Investors watch GDP to get a sense of where the economy may be headed in the weeks ahead.

Drawbacks of GDP: While GDP is a useful way to get a sense of the state of an economy, it is by no means a
perfect approach. One criticism is that it does not account for activities that are not part of the legalized
economy. The proceeds of off-the-books labor, some cash transactions, drug dealing, and more are not
factored into GDP.
Another criticism is that some activities that provide value are not factored into GDP. For instance, if you
hire a maid to keep your house clean, a cook to prepare your meals, and a nanny to care for your children,
you will pay these hired helpers and the payments will factor into GDP. If you do those jobs yourself, your
contribution is not counted in GDP.
So, while GDP can provide a sense of an economy's performance over time, it doesn't tell the whole story.
Real GDP or the PPP approach to calculate GDP, which Indian government is thinking to adapt:
Since GDP measures an economy's output, it is subject to inflationary pressure. Over a period of time, prices
typically go up, and this will be reflected in GDP.A nation's unadjusted GDP can't tell you whether GDP
went up because production and consumption increased or because prices went up.
Real GDP is a measure of an economy's output adjusted for inflation. The unadjusted figure is referred to as
nominal GDP.Real GDP adjusts nominal GDP so that it reflects the price levels that prevailed in a reference
year, called the "base year."

Now when we have understood about GDP and how is it calculated, lets go back to India, as we were
discussing earlier that there is a downfall recorded in the Indian economy from last 4-5 years the reason for
that lies within the way GDP is calculated, i.e.,
GDP=C+I+G+X.
Now we know that, C= household Consumption, I= private Investment, G= government Expenditure and X=
total Net Exports,
If we go and look in the stats for the individual heads the graphs is total showing different from what we
expect, for case G (Government Expenditure), the trends tell us that there is always an increase in the
government expenditure from last years, X(Net Exports) in India the net Exports are always in negative now
that doesn’t means that Indian has a poor exporting rate its has a positive side too which is Demand factor,
now as there is a rise in demand and so will be increase in household consumption expenditure (C). Now if
everything is in positive side what could be the reason for with the falling rate of GDP? Answer to this is the
poor state of Private Investmentor business investment.
As we all know that the biggest source of income for the Government is Taxes either Direct or Indirect. The
increase in indirect tax collection depends upon the rate at which the household consumption is rising, but
Direct taxes are charged over the income earned from Private Investments, if there is a decline in the private
Investments there will be decrease in the income to government and so the deficit Expenditure of the
Government will be increase.
Here is where the Population plays its role, India has the 2 nd largest population of the world, with so many
people to be controlled and to provide them all with the basic standard of living either government have to
4
be independent by own supplies or have to be dependent on Others. With the increase in the standards of
living of the people due to many economic and non-economic factors any government cannot be fully self
dependent and have to go to seek help and support from others who are good in one sectors where they
might not be and vice versa. As with rise of inflation the value of Rupees are declining due to which the we
have to pay double the amount to procure the same amount of supply which were done before and with the
population rising at a constant rate the Government treasures are becoming insufficient to bear the cost of
people and they have to go for deficit expenditure.
Now we know that one reason for declining rate of GDP is Private Investment and other reason is BLACK
ECONOMY of India.
To simply understand it, Black Economy = Un-Registered/Non- Recorded part of Economy.

India’s Black Economy or also called as Parallel Economy , is estimated to be 62% of GDP – generating
about Rs 93 lakh crore of revenue (or USD 14 trillion). It is larger than the income generated by agriculture
and industry put together, which is about 39% of GDP. It is larger than the size of the government (Centre
plus states) spending, which is about 27% of GDP. Because of its existence, the country’s economy has been
losing on an average 5% growth (when compared to official figures) since the mid-1970s when the black
economy became significant. If we add 5% to the rate of growth over the past four decades or so, the size of
our economy would be Rs 1,050 lakh crore (or about USD 15 trillion at the current rate of exchange) instead
of Rs 150 lakh crore (or USD 2.2 trillion) as it is now. We would have become the world’s second largest,
behind the US and a middle-income nation. The per capita income of the country would have been Rs 7.4
lakh (or USD 11,000) instead of about Rs 1 lakh (or USD 1,500) as it is at present. In other words, every one
of us would have been seven times richer on average.
The above figures might shock you but its the reality, till now many steps have been taken by different
Government in their ruling tenure, the latest one and the most famous DEMONITIZATION in 2016 which
shocked the Indians & Indian Economy in a way that many have not been able to recover out of it till today.
But it wasn’t the first time Demonetisation has been implemented twice -1946 and 1978 – in the past.

Still the Black economy a.k.a Parallel economy hunts the Economic planner of India.

COVID-19 & Indian Economy:

According to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), the number of active COVID-19 cases
in India have almost touched the 170,000 mark as of 20 June, 2020. Taking the case history into
consideration, there are just above 200,000 cured patients in the country, with close to 13,000 deaths – and
out of all of these huge numbers, one of them migrated outside.The Ministry has also published various
advisory notices and guides on different How To and What To situations that may occur during the period of
the pandemic, including regularly updated suggestions for managing healthcare workers in COVID-active
areas of hospitals, an audio-visual presentation on how spit can increase the risk of infecting someone with
COVID-19, among others. With detailed planning and forewarnings, India is managing to flatten the curve
of the infection.
COVID-19 has been a largely disruptive factor when it comes to the economics of India.In the fourth quarter
of the 2020 fiscal year, India’s growth went down by 3.1%, according to the Ministry of Statistics. The Chief
Economic Advisor to the Government of India has stated that this drop is the effect of the main causality, the
widespread presence of SARS-CoV-2. The coronavirus pandemic has had a negative impact on the economy
of the nation.

5
Notably enough, the country had been experiencing a pre-pandemic slowdown economically as well, and the
pandemic has helped in magnifying pre-existing risks present in India’s economic outlook, as said by the
World Bank. Before the pandemic, rating agencies had revised India’s economic growth for the fiscal year of
2021 as one of the lowest figures India has encountered since the 1990s economic liberalization of the
country.
But, ever since the announcement of the economic package in mid-May, India’s GDP estimated were
downgraded further into the negative figures, signalling a deep recession for the nation. CRISIL has
announced that this could be India’s worst recession period ever since its independence in the year of 1947.
State Bank of India’s research has concluded that there may be over a 40% contraction in India’s GDP, and
may vary all over the country depending on the sector and state, among other parameters.
Between the months of March and April, unemployment in the nation rose from 6.7% to 26%, by a factor of
almost four times larger than pre-pandemic numbers. An estimated 140 million citizens have lost their
employment status during the heavy lockdown that India was (and still may be) under.
All across the country, more than 45% of the households have reported raw income drops in comparison to
last year’s numbers. The employed ones are not well-off either, as there have been numerous reports of
salary cuts all across various organizations in India.
During the lockdown, the country’s economy was expected to lose an estimated USD 4.5 billion every single
day it remained shut. Out of the USD 2.8 trillion economy being run in the nation, less than 25% of the
entire system was barely functional and registering any sort of movement in the markets. Supply chains are
under distress due to the lockdown, due to the initial lack of clarity between essentials and non-essentials.
The most risked group of people in the economy are informal sector and daily wage workers, as t hey have
always been. Farmers that had invested in perishable foods prior to the unforeseen circumstances being faced
today are also facing uncertainty all across India.
Most major organizations across the nation have either temporarily suspended or significantly reduced their
operations in such a time. New and upcoming startups have taken a deep fall as the pandemic has affected
their funding levels. Stock markets in India recorded the worst losses faced by various institutions in the
history of India on the 23rd of March, 2020.
The announcement of the lockdown on 25th March led to SENSEX and NIFTY posting their largest profits
seen in eleven years.
On the 26th of March, a number of economic relief measures for the poor were announced, totalling to a sum
over USD 24 billion. The very next day, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) followed to up with a number of
measures that would free up USD 52 billion to support the country’s financial system. Two huge banks, the
World Bank and Asian Development Bank, have approved their support to India in order to tackle the
coronavirus pandemic.
Domestic economic problems:
As of June 8, India was on John Hopkins University’s dashboard, placing seventh on the list of countries
with most infections – at the time, it had recorded a massive 258,090 positive cases, with 7,263 recorded
deaths. In the country’s latest economic projections, India’s GDP is expected to contract by 6.8% in its
current fiscal year, worse than its slowest- in-11-years climb the last quarter.
An approximate 84% of Indian households are facing income decreases since the beginning of the
lockdown, according to a study published by the Universities of Pennsylvania and Chicago, and Centre for

6
Monitoring the India Economy, Mumbai. They had also concluded that the pandemic had caused a sharp and
broad negative impact on household income, as a third of all households may not be able to survive beyond a
week without additional assistance.
The study had stated that direct and immediate transfers of food and cash are of very high priority when it
comes to responding to the people in the face of the coronavirus pandemic. Such transfers must be broad-
based and reach most of the income distribution, as it is clear that nearly everyone but the wealthiest have
watched their incomes fall short and get cut of their lives due to uncontrollable circumstances. Such victims
of the pandemic require additional resources in order to survive.
CMIE had surveyed nearly 5800 households across 27 Indian states in the last two weeks of Ap ril, asking
them various questions, including their incomes in relation to the lockdown, and their expected run before
they run out of money. They layered these results on top of other data, including per-capita household
income, and rural- urban classifications.
The end result of all studies conducted on the Indian economy pre- and post-pandemic is clearly put as –
 Managing the endemic and the resultant public health crisis via augmented financial resources,
increased insurances, and technological solutions.
 Protecting income and employment in particular for the more vulnerable sections of the society by
implementation of direct cash transfer programs that are backed by adequate monitoring and
evaluation mechanisms, utilizing existing digital payment infrastructures.
 Supporting the corporate sector to minimize adverse economic impact and facilitate recovery quickly
through immediate and medium-to- long measures that help reposition India in the world’s global
value chain.
In total it can be said that the pandemic has made every country to look upon its two big sectors 1st
Healthcare sector and the 2nd most important or also the power house, Economic Sector.
Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan:
Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan, which translates to 'self- reliant India' or 'self- sufficient India', is the vision of
the Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi of making India "a bigger and more important part of the global
economy", pursuing policies that are efficient, competitive and resilient, and being self-sustaining and self-
generating. Atmanirbhar Bharat does not mean "self-containment", "isolating away from the world" or being
"protectionist". The first mention of this came in the form of the 'Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan' or 'Self-
Reliant India Mission' during the announcement o f India's COVID–19 pandemic related economic
package on 12 May 2020. The five pillars of ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’ are stated as economy, infrastructure,
technology-driven systems, vibrant demography and demand.As part of the Atmanirbhar Bharat package,
numerous government decisions have taken place such as changing the definition of MSMEs, boosting scope
for private participation in numerous sectors, increasing FDI in the defence sector; and the vision has found
support in many sectors such as the solar manufacturers sector. Slogans initiated under Atmanirbhar Bharat
include 'vocal for local', 'local for global' and 'make for world'.
Is making India self reliant so easy despite biggest challenges such as;
o Unstructured and underdeveloped Industrialisation in India,
o Economic V/s population growth
o Corruption
o Demonetization and its mixed success
o Tax V/s Support to people & Business
o Poverty & Underemployment

7
o Gender gap, a sector in which lot of work has to be done
o Underdeveloped Rural sector
o Image: World Development Indicators
o Turbulent times for tech sector, a sector for which India was known for now in trouble
For all these problem one solution which is more prominent and feasible is to target the Rural Sector and
make them active participants of the Indian Economy, and by doing so the biggest problem of Population
will be transferred to as the Biggest Power of India.

MISSION SWAVALAMBAN

The seeds of economic self-reliance and self-sufficiency that Khadi movement had sown in the 1920s forms
the very inspiration of Mission 10,000 Swavalambis. Simply put, we have made it our mission to pull at least
10,000 families out of the vicious cycle of poverty by fostering self- employment and boosting livelihoods.
With support from SIDBI (Small Industries Development Bank of India), we have begun working in 100
districts across 5 states of India (viz. Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha and Telangana) to identify,
nurture and enable youth, women and men to start and grow their micro/small/medium enterprise from
where they are based while serving local communities and boosting local economies. In a way, our attempt
is also designed to counter urban migration and make self- employment aspirational and most importantly,
sustainable.
We have deputed a hundred NGO partners of ours to lead the mobilization and awareness creation in each of
the focal districts and with our ground teams in place, we are set on a road to make a dent in the economic
situation of genuine and committed individuals in villages, Tier 3 and 4 cities.
Mission 10,000 Swavalambi is our ambitious attempt to build the fortune at the bottom of the pyramid. And
we rely heavily on collaboration, technology and sincere hard work to realize the dreams of 10,000 and more
small enterprise aspirants. Now how can this big a Mission unfold unless we stand in front of it with open
arms!
Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI), the principal financial institution engaged in the
promotion, financing and development of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) on the occasion of
its 30th foundation year, is launching Swavalamban Express – a train journey to empower small business
aspirants under its Mission Swavalamban. 'Swavalamban Express' is modelled as a unique Self- Employment
Paathshala, where people come with their dreams and walk out as Swavalambis, empowered to start their
own enterprises and take control of their own destinies. The train journey would last for 15 days (starting 5th
June 2020), and would cover over 7,000 kms (with stopover at 11 cities) with 500

young and aspiring Swavalambis (or small-business aspirants) aboard and over 150 mentors and subject-
matter experts, some traveling together and others present at each station/city to meet and share their
experiences and add value.
Throughout the journey as the train would be en-route from one station to another, the Swavalambis would
be taken through a meticulously planned, rigorous and methodological curriculum covering different aspects
of building a business. In addition to that, special emphasis would be given on access to finance particularly
under several governmental schemes to promote self-employment as well as responsible business which
would cover aspects of compliance, and the concept of people, planet and profit, making sure that the

8
aspirant understands the importance of triple bottom line for long term sustainability of not just the business,
but the society and planet as well, thereby aligning with the UN SDGs 8, 9 and 12.
About LETSENDORSE:
LetsEndorse is a collaborative ecosystem of social innovators from across the globe, grassroots partners
(NGOs) from across India, responsible corporations, Governments and conscious individuals, who come
together to take the most effective and befitting social innovations and solutions to the last-mile
communities, thereby solving their problems. Inspired by the success of the Polio eradication campaign, we
believe that large-scale problems are solvable and CONVERGENCE is the key.
In our quest to solve people’s problems at scale, sustainably and irreversibly, we enable social
innovators/entrepreneurs to reach the unreached via partnerships with grassroots organizations and local
Governments.
We facilitate development capital in the form of large-scale philanthropy, CSR (Corporate Social
Responsibility) investments, individual giving, venture capital and international finance to maximise social
returns on these investments.
Our multi-stakeholder technology platforms and tools enable high operational and financial efficiencies and
transparency in the entire process of bringing change, thereby keeping everyone informed about the nuanced
challenges, solution-centric interventions, operational aspects including milestones, outcomes and impact
and overall sustainability

9
2. Research Objectives &
Methodology

10
 Research Methodology

Research methodology is the specific procedures or techniques used to identify, select, process, and analyze
information about a topic. In a research paper, the methodology section allows the reader to critically
evaluate a study's overall validity and reliability.
Research is the most important function for any type of business, organisation, group or anything as it helps
understand the type of market demand, factors of demand, supply rate, type of consumers, feasibility of the
market and many other questions are answered through the effective and efficient research.
Typical research process comprises the following stages:
1. Selecting the research area
You are expected to state that you have selected the research area due to professional and personal interests
in the area and this statement must be true. The importance of this first stage in the research proce ss is often
underestimated by many students. If you find research area and research problem that is genuinely
interesting to you it is for sure that the whole process of writing your dissertation will be much easier.
Therefore, it is never too early to start thinking about the research area for your dissertation.

2. Formulating research aim, objectives and research questions or developing hypotheses

The choice between the formulation of research questions and the development of hypotheses depends on
your research approach as it is discussed further below in more details. Appropriate research aims and
objectives or hypotheses usually result from several attempts and revisions and these need to be mentioned
in Methodology chapter. It is critically important to get your research questions or hypotheses confirmed by
your supervisor before moving forward with the work.

3. Conducting the literature review

Literature review is usually the longest stage in the research process. Actually, the literature review starts
even before the formulation of research aims and objective; because you have to check if exactly the same
research problem has been addressed before. Nevertheless, the main part of the literature review is
conducted after the formulation of research aim and objectives. You have to use a wide range of secondary
data source such as books, newspapers, magazines, journals, online articles etc.

4. Selecting methods of data collection

Data collection method(s) need to be selected on the basis of critically analyzing advantages and
disadvantages associated with several alternative data collection methods. In studies involving primary data
collection, in-depth discussions of advantages and disadvantages of selected primary data collection
method(s) need to be included in methodology.

5. Collecting the primary data

Primary data collection needs to be preceded by a great level of preparation and pilot data co llection may
be required in case of questionnaires. Primary data collection is not a compulsory stage for all dissertations
and you will skip this stage if you are conducting a desk-based research.

11
6. Data analysis
Analysis of data plays an important role in the achievement of research aim and objectives. Data analysis
methods vary between secondary and primary studies, as well as, between qualitative and quantitative
studies.

7. Reaching conclusions.
Conclusions relate to the level of achievement of research aims and objectives. In this final part of your
dissertation you will have to justify why you think that research aims and objectives have been achieved.
Conclusions also need to cover research limitations and suggestions for future research.

8. Completing the research

Following all of the stages described above, and organizing separate chapters into one file leads to the
completion of the first draft. The first draft of your dissertation needs to be prepared at least one month
before the submission deadline. This is because you will need to have sufficient amount of time to address
feedback of your supervisor.

Research Objective of the study

The main objective of the project is to find the feasibility and the reliability of the result of the project so that
the aim of the mission is achieved successfully which is lifting up the standa rd of living of the Indian people
living in most backward and underdeveloped state which have the most potential in helping the Indian
Economy grow and achieve new heights and become a export economy of finished goods in the future and
later export technology to the global.
To find above Objective we have to first understand the technicalities of the MISSION SWALAMBHAN:
As in this mission three main parties are involved which are
1. ENTERPRENEUR
2. LETS ENDORSE
3. FINANCIAL INSTITUION
The most important role is of LETS ENDORSE who will fill the middle gap between the one who have a
business idea and the one who will financially back the business idea.
The main problematic area or the most important area in this whole mission would be the time when the
third party will be involved which is THE BANK, as Finance is the one for which this mission is introduced,
the whole structure and base of the mission is based on providing financial aid to the people so that they can
start working upon their business idea.
So the main objective of the research is to find out the proble ms which usually occurs while applying
and sanction of loan and how these problems are deal in this mission.

12
 Research Design

A research design is a broad plan that states objectives of research project and provides the guidelines what
is to be done to realize those objectives. It is, in other words, “a master plan for executing a research
project.”
An impactful research design usually creates a minimum bias in data and increases trust in the accuracy of
collected data. A design that produces the least margin of error in experimental research is generally
considered the desired outcome. The essential elements of the research design are:
 Accurate purpose statement
 Techniques to be implemented for collecting and analyzing research
 The method applied for analyzing collected details
 Type of research methodology
 Probable objections for research
 Settings for the research study
 Timeline
 Measurement of analysis
Proper research design sets your study up for success. Successful research studies provide insights that are
accurate and unbiased.
You can further break down the types of research design into five categories:
1. Descriptive research design: In a descriptive design, a researcher is solely interested in describing the
situation or case under their research study. It is a theory-based design method which is created by gathering,
analyzing, and presenting collected data. This allows a researcher to provide insights into the why and how
of research. Descriptive design helps others better understand the need for the research. If the problem
statement is not clear, you can conduct exploratory research.
2. Experimental research design: Experimental research design establishes a relationship between the cause
and effect of a situation. It is a causal design where one observes the impact caused by the independent
variable on the dependent variable. For example, one monitors the influence of an independent variable such
as a price on a dependent variable such as customer satisfaction or brand loyalty. It is a highly practical
research design method as it contributes to solving a problem at hand. The independent variables are
manipulated to monitor the change it has on the dependent variable. It is often used in soc ial sciences to
observe human behavior by analyzing two groups. Researchers can have participants change their actions
and study how the people around them react to gain a better understanding of social psychology.
3. Correlational research design: Correlational research is a non-experimental research design technique that
helps researchers establish a relationship between two closely connected variables. This type of research
requires two different groups. There is no assumption while evaluating a relationship between two different
variables, and statistical analysis techniques calculate the relationship between them.
A correlation coefficient determines the correlation between two variables, whose value ranges between - 1
and +1. If the correlation coefficient is towards +1, it indicates a positive relationship between the variables
and -1 means a negative relationship between the two variables.

13
4. Diagnostic research design: In diagnostic design, the researcher is looking to evaluate the underlying
cause of a specific topic or phenomenon. This method helps one learn more about the factors that create
troublesome situations.
This design has three parts of the research:
· Inception of the issue
· Diagnosis of the issue
· Solution for the issue
5. Explanatory research design: Explanatory design uses a researcher’s ideas and thoughts on a subject to
further explore their theories. The research explains unexplored aspects of a subject and details about what,
how, and why of research questions.

To Conduct our research we choose for Descriptive Research design method, because Descriptive research
is a type of research that provides an in-depth description of the phenomenon or population under study.
Descriptive research is neither in the category of qualitative research nor in the class of quantitative research,
but it uses the features of both types of research, it also emphasizes what kind of question to be asked in the
research study. The descriptive research provides the answer to the “what” part of a research and does not
answer the questions why/when/how, and is a suitable choice if you want to learn about the trends of a
particular field or the frequency of an event. This research is also an appropriate option when you do not
have any information about the research problem, and primary information gathering is required to establish
a hypothesis.

Data Collection

Data collection is defined as the procedure of collecting, measuring and analyzing accurate insights for
research using standard validated techniques. A researcher can evaluate their hypothesis on the basis of
collected data. In most cases, data collection is the primary and most important step for research, irrespective
of the field of research. The approach of data collection is different for different fields of study, depending
on the required information.
Essentially there are four choices for data collection – in-person interviews, mail, phone and online.
For collecting Data, we choose the method of using Questionnaire as the mean of Primary Data collection,
for which we distributed our questionnaire to the leads/ participants of the MISSION SWAVALAMBAN as
well as to my known bank employees to better understand the issues or technicalities of loan work and we
also used articles from many newspapers, magazines, information floating over the internet and etc., and
thus can be called as Secondary Data.

14
 Sampling Design

Sampling is a fundamental part of statistics. Samples are collected to achieve an understanding of a

population because it is typically not feasible to observe all members of the population. The goal is to collect
samples that provide an accurate representation of the population. Constraints on time and money dictate
that the sampling effort must be efficient. More samples are needed to characterize the nature of highly
variable populations than less variable populations.
 Sample size: 25
 Sampling unit: Leads who had registered themselves in MISSION SWAVALAMBAN
 Sample technique: Random sampling method
The instrument used for data collection was in the form of questionnaire. The questionnaire was used as it
facilitates the tabulation and analysis of the data to be collected. The data collected was subjected to simple
frequency distribution and percentage analysis.
 Number or questions: 15
 Types of questions: Descriptive question

15
3. Data Processing, Analysis &
Interpretation

16
 Table No - 1.1
Gender Of The Respondents

S. No. Gende r No. Of Respondents Percentage

1 Male 18 72.0
2 Female 7 28.0
Total 25 100.0

Chart No – 1.2
Gender Of The Respondents

Interpretation:
From the above table 1.1 and the chart 1.2, it is analysed that 72% are Male and 28% are Female . Hence,
The majority of the respondents are Male.

17
 Table No. – 2.1
Age Of The Respondents

S. No. Age No. Of Respondents Percentage

1 Less than 30yrs 7 28.0

2 31-40yrs 10 40.0
3 41-50yrs 6 24.0
4 More than 50yrs 2 8.0
Total 25 100.0

Chart No. – 2.2

Age Of The Respondents

Interpretation:
From the above table 2.1 and the chart 2.2, it is analysed that 28% of less than 30 yrs, 40% of 31-40 yrs,
24% of 41-50yrs and 8% more than 50yrs of age group .
Hence, The majority of the respondents were of 31-40yrs of age group.

18
 Table No. – 3.1
Qualification Of The Respondent

S. No. Qualification No. Of Respondents Percentage

1 Un-educated
2 10th Class
3 12th Class
4 Graduate
Total
6 24.0
8 32.0
9 36.0
2 8.0
25 100.0

Chart No. – 3.2

Qualification Of The Respondents

Interpretation:
From the above table 3.1 and the chart 3.2, it is analysed that 24% were Un-educated, 32% were 10th Class,
36% were 12th Class & 8% were Graduate. Hence, The majority of the respondents were 12 th Class Pass.

19
 Table No. – 4.1
Residence Of The Respondent

S. No. Residence No. Of Percentage

Respondents
1 Rural 8 32.0
2 Urban 17 68.0

Total 25 100.0

Chart No. – 4.2

Residence Of The Respondent

Interpretation:
From the above table 4.1 and the chart 4.2, it is analysed that 32% of Rural areas & 68% of Urban areas .
Hence, The majority of the respondents are from Urban areas.

20
 Table No. – 5.1
Applied for Business Loan

S. No. Applied for Business No. Of Respondents Percentage

Loan

1 Yes 25 100.0

2 No 0 0

Chart No. – 5.2

Applied for Business Loan

Interpretation:
From the above table 5.1 and the chart 5.2, it is analysed that all the respondents have once applied for
business loan

21
 Table No. – 6.1
Amount of Business Loan Applied

S. No. Amount Of Business Loan No. Of Respondents Percentage

1 Less than 1 lakh 3 12.0

2 1,00,001-5 lakhs 8 32.0

3 5,00,001-15 lakhs 10 40.0

4 More than 15 lakhs 4 16.0
Total 25 100.0

Chart No. – 6.2

Amount of Business Loan Applied

Interpretation:
From the above table6.1 and the chart 6.2, it is analysed that 12% had less than 1lac, 32% had 1,00,001-
5lakhs, 40% had 5,00,001-15lakhs & 16% had more than 15lacs.
Hence, The majority of the respondents had applied for loan of 5,00,001-15lakhs.

22
 Table No. – 7.1
Type of Bank

S. No. Type Of Bank No. Of Respondents Percentage

1 Private Bank 12 48.0
2 Government Bank 13 52.0
Total 25 100.0

Table No. – 7.2

Type of Bank

Interpretation:

From the above table7.1 and the chart 7.2, it is analysed that 42% had applied for loan in Private Bank &
58% in Government Bank.

Hence, The majority of the respondents had applied for Loan in Government Banks.

23
 Table No. – 8.1
Accepted/Approval for Loan

S. No Accepted/Approval for Loan Frequency Percent

1 Yes 14 56.0
2 No 11 44.0
Total 25 100.0

Chart No. – 8.2

Accepted/Approval for Loan

Interpretation:

From the above table6.1 and the chart 6.2, it is analysed that 56% had been approved for loan & 44% had
been rejected.
Hence, The majority of the respondents were approved for Business Loan.

24
 Table No. – 9.1
Process for Loan

S. No. Process For Loan No. Of Respondents Percentage

1 Easy 2 8.0
2 Moderate 9 36.0

3 Difficult 8 32.0

4 Very Complex 6 24.0

Total 25 100.0

Table No. – 9.2

Process for Loan

Interpretation:

From the above table 9.1 and the chart 9.2, it is analysed that 8% thinks that loan process is Easy, 36% feels
it is Moderate, 32% Difficult & 24% feels it is Very Complex Process
Hence, The majority of the respondents Feels that Business Loan Process Is Moderate.

25
 Table No. – 10.1

Bank Behaviour

S. No. Bank Behaviour No. Of respondents Percentage

1 Cooperative 7 28.0

2 Very Cooperative 6 24.0

3 Rude 6 24.0
4 Very Rude 6 24.0
Total 25 100.0

Chart No. – 10.2

Bank Behaviour

Interpretation:

From the above table 10.1 and the chart 10.2, it is analysed that 28% says Cooperative, 24% says Very
Cooperative, 24% says Rude & 24% says Very Rude .
Hence, The majority of the respondents says that Bank is Cooperative with them.

26
 Table No. – 11.1

Ask For More Documents For Loan Process

S. No. Of Respondents Percentage

Ask For More Documents For Loan
No.
Process
1 Yes 8 32.0
2 No 17 68.0
Total 25 100.0

Chart No. – 11.2

Ask For More Documents For Loan Process

Interpretation:
From the above table 11.1 and the chart 11.2, it is analysed that 32% says Yes & 68% says No.
Hence, The majority of the respondents says That they were Not asked for more documents other than
that which are normally asked by Banks.

27
 Table No. – 12.1

Who could be the reason according to you for Loan Sanction/Rejection

S. No. Person Responsible No. Of Respondents Percentage

1 Applier 1 4.0
2 Bank 8 32.0
3 Both Together 16 64.0

Total 25 100.0

Chart No. – 12.2

Who could be the reason according to you for Loan Sanction/Rejection

Interpretation:

From the above table 12.1 and the chart 12.2, it is analysed that 4% says that the Applier is responsible, 32%
says Bank & 64% believes that Both are responsible .
Hence, The majority of the respondents says Both the Applier as well as Bank are Togethe r
Responsible for Sanctioning of Business Loan.

28
 Table No. – 13.1
Rate Experience for Bank Loan Process

S. No. Rate Experience Frequency Percent

1 0 star 6 24.0
2 1 star 4 16.0
3 3 stars 12 48.0
4 5 stars 3 12.0
Total 25 100.0

Chart No. – 13.2

Rate Experience for Bank Loan Process

Interpretation:

From the above table 13.1 and the chart 13.2, it is analysed that 24% gives 0 star rating, 16% gives 1 star,
48% gives 3 star & 12% gives 5 start rating.
Hence, The majority of the respondents have given 3 Stars Rating.

29
 Table No. – 14.1
Will you recommend Others to Apply for Business Loan from Bank

S. No. Recommend Others No. Of Respondents Percentage

1 Yes 16 64.0
2 No 9 36.0
Total 25 100.0

Chart No. – 14.1

Will you recommend Others to Apply for Business Loan from Bank

Interpretation:

From the above table 14.1 and the chart 14.2, it is analysed that 64% says they will recommend Others &
36% says they will Not recommend.
Hence, The majority of the respondents Will Recommend Others To apply for Business Loan.

30
 4. FINDINGS:
Below are the Pointers which will give a brief of the findings from the research:
 More of Males have Applied for Business Loans when compared to Females and
major of males are from Urban Areas, and belong to the Age Group of 31-40 years of
age, but are only 10th Class pass
 Most of the Respondents having education till 12th class has applied for loan of
5,00,001-15Lakhs.
 Most of the Respondents have applied for Loan of 1,00,001-5Lakhs in Private Banks
and loan of 5,00,001-15lakhs in Government Banks.
 Most of the respondents feels that the Business loan process is Moderate in Private
Banks whereas for Government Banks had a mixture of experience.
 Government Banks have more rejected loan application in compared to prvate banks.
 Private Banks has got Lowest Number of Ratings from the respondents.
 Many had agreed to recommend others for Business loan from banks.
 Many respondents believe that Together Bank and the applicant are responsible for
sanction or rejection of loan.

Many other such findings can be found using the data collected.

31
 5. LIMITATIONS:
The Reliability of survey data may depend on the following factors:
 Respondents may not feel encouraged to provide accurate, honest answers
 Respondents may not feel comfortable providing answers that present themselves in a unfavourable
manner.
 Respondents may not be fully aware of their reasons for any given answer because of lack of
memory on the subject, or even boredom.
 Surveys with closed-ended questions may have a lower validity rate than other q uestion types.
 Data errors due to question non-responses may exist. The number of respondents who choose to
respond to a survey question may be different from those who chose not to respond, thus creating
bias.
 Survey question answer options could lead to unclear data because certain answer options may be
interpreted differently by respondents. For example, the answer option “somewhat agree” may
represent different things to different subjects, and have its own meaning to each individual
respondent. ‘Yes’ or ‘no’ answer options can also be problematic. Respondents may answer “no” if
the option “only once” is not available.
 Customized surveys can run the risk of containing certain types of errors

Thus every thing has its own limitations & disparities, but the most is the goal or common
question to be answered for which you had conducted the research.

32
 6. CONCLUSION &
RECOMMENDATIONS
MISSION SWAVALAMBAN is one of its kind initiative, and to make it a successful we need to know the
technicalities which usually occurs while in process of business loans, as those problems are the only reason
which hinders the outcome of many governmental schemes to facilitate citizen and to help them in
establishing there business idea into reality and thus help ing the economy grow and develop and uplift the
standards of living.
This research helps in many ways to understand more of the mission, being directly part of this mission and
working closely with the leads had made me think that the issues if solved can really make great changes.
There had been many points which are marked through the results of this research, some of them are:
 Female Participants, as there were many fewer number of female who had applied for
business loan so, more participants from female will directly helps to fill the gender
gap and will create more Women Empowerment.
 Government Bank v/s Private Bank, as we all know that there is difference in work
culture in both the sectors which sometimes hinders and de- motivates the applicant, so
if we all together work effectively and efficiently for the betterment of society we can
pull away this negative factor and thus create a positive working culture.
Many other conclusions can be made from the research, but the most important is to rectify the issues from
wherever end might be either from applicant side or from Bank side because researches are conducted not
just to find problems but also to rectify them and smooth the functioning and thus making the efforts made in
research more effective.

33
 7. Bibliography:

o https://www.slideshare.net/
o http://docshare04.docshare.tips
o https://www.researchgate.net/
o www.google.com
o https://www.academia.edu/
o https://core.ac.uk/
o https://www.wikipedia.org/
o https://issuu.com/
o https://giapjournals.com/

34
 8. Annexure:
 QUESTIONNAIRE:
Questionnaire To Study People’s Experience with Business Loan Process In Bank
1. Name:
2. Gender: a). Male b). Female
3. Age:
a). Less than 30yrs b). 31-40yrs c). 41-50yrs d). More than 50yrs

4. Education Qualification:
a). Un-educated b).10th Class c). 12th Class d). Graduate e). Post-Graduate

5. Area of residence: a). Rural b). Urban

6. Have you ever Applied/Taken Business Loan from Bank: a). Yes b). No

7. What was the Amount of Loan applied:

a). Less than 1 lakh b). 1,00,001-5 lakhs c). 5,00,001-15 lakhs d). More than 15 lakhs

8. Type Of Bank in which you applied for Loan:

a). Private Bank b).Government Bank

9. Whether Your application was accepted by bank :

a). Yes b). No

10. How was the Process of Loan:

a). Easy b). Moderate c). Difficult d). Very Complex

11. Behaviour/Attitude of Bank:

a). Cooperative b). Very Cooperative c).Rude d). Very Rude

12. Whether you were ask for more documents for loan process than those which are required in normal
process:
a). Yes b). No

13. Who could be the reason according to you for Loan Sanction/Rejection:
a).Applier b). Bank c). Both Together

14. Rate your Experience/Thoughts for Bank Loan Process :

a).0 Star b). 1 Star c). 3 Stars d). 5 Stars

15. Will you recommend Others to Apply for Business Loan from Bank :
a). Yes b). No

35