GRADE : IX

SUBJECT : CHEMISTRY
ASSIGNMENT : 3

Chapter 1: Matter In Our Surroundings

LATENT HEAT: - Our Surroundings
The heat energy which has to be supplied to change the state of a substance is called its
latent heat.
Latent heat does not raise (or increase) the temperature. But latent heat has always to be
supplied to change the state of a substance. The word ‘latent’ means ‘hidden’.
The latent heat which we supply is used up in overcoming the forces of attraction
between the particles of substance during the change of state. Latent heat does not
increase the kinetic energy of the particles of the substance, during phase transition. So,
the temperature of a substance does not rise.
Latent heat is of two types:
1. Latent heat of fusion
2. Latent heat of vaporization.

Latent Heat of Fusion (solid to liquid change):

During the melting of solid, the temperature remains the same. The heat gets used up in
overcoming the forces of attraction between the particles of matter. The heat energy is being
absorbed by solid ice without any rise in temperature. This heat is regarded to be hidden or
called latent heat of fusion.

Heat absorbed by ice to convert it into liquid

During melting the temperature of the system remains

constant.
(During Phase Transition)

G9_SCIENCE PMT_ASSIGNMENT_2021-22 Page 1 of 4

 GRADE : IX
SUBJECT : CHEMISTRY
ASSIGNMENT : 3

It can be further defined as follows: -

The amount of energy needed for the conversion of 1kg of solid to liquid at atmospheric
pressure at its melting point is known as the latent heat of fusion
The latent heat of fusion of ice is 3.34×105 joules per kilogram (or 3.34 ×105 j/kg).
Water at 0oC has more energy than Ice at 0oC this is because water has latent heat of
fusion or we can say ice at 0oC has more cooling effect that water at 0oC.

Latent heat of Fusion:

ICE at 0oC WATER at 0oC
(Less energy) (More energy)

Latent Heat of Vaporization (liquid to gas change): -

During the boiling of liquid, the temperature remains the same. The heat gets used up in
overcoming the forces of attraction between the particles of matter. The heat energy is being
absorbed by liquid without any rise in temperature. This heat is regarded to be hidden or latent
heat of vaporization.

Fig. Heating of the liquid to

convert it into vapor

During boiling the temperature

of the system remains constant.

(During Phase Transition)

It can be further defined as follows: -

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 GRADE : IX
SUBJECT : CHEMISTRY
ASSIGNMENT : 3

The latent heat of vaporisation of a liquid is the quantity of heat in joules required to
convert 1 kilogram of the liquid (at its boiling point) to vapour or gas, without any
change in temperature.
The latent heat of vaporization of water is 22.5×105 joules per kilogram (or 22.5×105 j/kg).
It has been found that the burns caused by steam are much more severe than those
caused by boiling water though both of them are at the same temperature of 100 °C. This
is due to the fact that steam contains more heat, in the form of latent heat of vaporisation,
than boiling water.

Latent heat of Vaporisation

WATER at 100oC STEAM at 100oC
(less energy) (More energy)

Graphical Representation of Latent heat of Fusion and Vaporization

Latent Heat of Fusion

Latent heat of vaporization

• MELTNIG POINT: The temperature at which a solid change its state of solid to liquid at
standard pressure and exist in equilibrium.

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 GRADE : IX
SUBJECT : CHEMISTRY
ASSIGNMENT : 3

• BOLING POINT: The temperature at which the vapour pressure of the liquid becomes
equal to the surrounding atmospheric pressure.

Very short answer type questions

1. What is the value for latent heat of fusion for water?
2. What do you mean by word “latent”?
3. What is the value for latent heat of vaporisation for water?
4. Which produces more severe burns, boiling water or steam?
Short answer type questions
1. Define melting point.
2. Why is ice at 273 K more effective in cooling than water at the same temperature?
3. Define boiling point
4. Define Latent heat of vaporisation.
Long answer type questions
1. Why is it said that during phase transition of matter temperature of the system remains
constant?
2. Why does our palm feel cold when we put some acetone or petrol or perfume on it?
Explain.

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