José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

Who is Jose rizal?

-José Rizal, full name José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda, was a Filipino patriot,
physician, and writer who was an inspiration to the Philippine nationalist movement. He was
born on June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Philippines, and died on December 30, 1896, in Manila. Jose
Rizal was born into a family of 13, which included his parents, Francisco Mercado II and Teodora
Alonso Realonda, as well as nine sisters and one brother. Juan and Cirila Mercado had 13
children, the youngest of whom was Jose Rizal.

 Timeline

He was born from an Inquilino family (1861)

 jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonzo Realonda, Philippines National Hero, was
born on June 19, 1861, in Calamba, Laguna, to Chinese parents Francisco
Engracio Rizal Mercado y Alejandro and Teodora Morales Alonzo Realonda y
Quintos. Jose was the seventh of eleven children, and he was baptized on June
22, 1861, by Father Rufino Collantes.

Jose displayed great intelligence from the start. His mother taught him the
alphabet when he was three years old, and he was also taught how to ride
horses. Father Leoncio Lopez influenced him to have a character that was full of
respect for other people's rights.

Education (1861-1882)
 Jose Rizal's mother was his first instructor, having taught him how to read and
pray, as well as encouraging him to create poetry. Rizal was then taught Spanish
and Latin by private tutors before being assigned to a private school in Bian.

Rizal enrolled in the Ateneo Municipal de Manila when he was 11 years old.
Philosophy, physics, chemistry, and natural history were among his strongest
subjects. He studied novels, composed prize-winning poetry (and even a
melodrama—"Junto al Pasig"), and practiced sketching, painting, and clay
modeling at this school, all of which he continued to pursue throughout his life.

Rizal eventually graduated from the Ateneo Municipal with a degree in land
surveying and assessment while studying Philosophy and Letters at the
University of Santo Tomas. Rizal chose to study ophthalmology at the UST
Faculty of Medicine and Surgery after learning that his mother was going blind.
He was unable to finish the course, however, because "he became politically
 isolated by opponents among the academics and clergy who demanded that he
adhere to their ideology."

Execution of GOMBURZA (1872 February)

 As a result, despite the archbishops' pleas for mercy, the GomBurZa were
executed despite their innocence. On February 17, 1872, they were garroted
due to mounting fake evidence and fraudulent witnesses. The Rizal family and
some patriotic Filipinos in the Philippines regarded it as martyrdom.

Imprisonment of Rizal Mother ( Dona Teodora) 1972 May

 When Doña Teodora arrived in Santa Cruz after more than a day of walking in
the sun, she was charged and imprisoned for two years without trial for
falsehoods leveled against her, most notably an accusation that she attempted
to poison her sister-in-law. She was approximately 45 years old at the time.

During her mother's imprisonment, Jose Rizal witnessed the injustice of the
Spanish authorities. This event in his life imprinted itself on his mind, opening
his eyes to reality and inspiring him to dream of equality before the law for
Filipinos and Spaniards.

Travel to Europe (1882)

 Rizal left for Europe without telling his parents in May 1882. Rizal "had to flee
his homeland quietly like a fugitive from justice in order to gain a better
education, and his family, to save themselves from condemnation, were forced
to profess ignorance of his aims and movements," according to his biographer,
Austin Craig. " Paciano had gone to Manila professing to be seeking for this
brother he had helped out of the country, and his name had been enrolled at
Santo Tomas at the start of the new semester, with the expenses paid."

Back to Philippines and was involved in land dispute (1887 -1888)

 On July 3, 1887, Dr. Rizal left Marseilles, France, for Manila. He couldn't explain
to them that he studied medicine, particularly ophthalmology, in order to cure
his mother's cataract problem, which threatened to blind her completely. He
simply had to return.
Publication of Noli Me tangere in Berlin (1887)

 The Social Cancer, originally titled Noli me tangere, is a novel published in 1887
in Berlin, Germany by Filipino political activist and author José Rizal. The book,
written in Spanish, exposes the brutality and corruption of Spanish rule in the
Philippines (1565–1898) in sweeping and passionate detail.

Rizal explains in the novel's dedication that there was once a type of cancer so
terrible that the sufferer could not bear to be touched, and the disease was thus
named noli me tangere (Latin for "do not touch me"). He suspected that his
homeland was also suffering from the same ailment. The novel provides a
comprehensive view of every level of society in the Philippines at the time, as
well as witty satire. Its description of the cruelty of Spanish rule sparked the
country's independence movement. It is now considered a classic of Philippine
literature, though it is read in English or Tagalog translation rather than in its
original Spanish.

Publication of El Filibusterismo in Belgium (1891)

 Rizal began writing El Filibusterismo at Calamba, Laguna, in October 1887, and

finished it on March 29, 1891, after revising certain chapters while in
London.Rizal dedicated El Filibusterismo to the three dead priests Mariano
Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora, stating his belief that the Spanish
rulers treated them unjustly and killed them.

In contrast to Noli Me Tangere, where people were encouraged to ask for and
aspire for change and liberty, Rizal pushed society to open its eyes to reality and
fight against the Spanish government's oppression and abuse in El
FilibusterisThere is aspiration, beauty, romance, and mercy in Noli Me Tangere.
Readers will experience bitterness, resentment, and disdain in El Filibusterismo.
The romance and ambitions are no longer there. Even the personalities of the
characters appear to have changed dramatically.

Founded La Liga Filipina in Philippines (1892)

 In the house of Doroteo Ongjunco in Ilaya Street, Tondo, Manila, Filipino

reformist Dr. Jose Rizal launched the progressive organization La Liga Filipina on
July 3, 1892.

Through mutual aid, protection, and self-help, the organization hopes to press
for reforms in the Philippines and build solidarity among Filipinos. Andres
 Bonifacio, Apolinario Mabini, Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista, and Deodato
Arellano are among the group's members.

It was disbanded on July 6, 1892, following Rizal's imprisonment and

banishment to Dapitan, Zamboanga.In April 1893, it was reformed, but in
October, it was abolished again. For a few months, certain members, including
Apolinario Mabini, formed the Cuerpo de Compromisarios, which provided
support to the reformist journal La Solidaridad.

Execution of Rizal in Bagumbayan (1896)

 Dr. Jose Protacio Rizal, the greatest man of the Malayan race, was shot to death
by a firing squad of native soldiers on December 30, 1896, in Bagumbayan
(modern-day Luneta or Rizal park), Manila, on charges of political conspiracy,
sedition, and rebellion against the Spanish government in the Philippines.

When the Americans assumed control of the Philippines in 1901, Governor-

General William Howard Taft declared Rizal the country's national hero. A year
later, on February 1, 1902, the Philippine Commission passed Act No. 345,
designating December 30 as Dr. Jose P. Rizal Day, a public holiday.