Name: Alessandra May V.
Artuz Subject: Life and Works of Rizal
Section: BSCE – 1214
Rizal Law
 officially designated as Republic Act No.
1425
 Senator Claro M. Recto authored the
Rizal Bill
 Senator Jose P. Laurel, Sr., who was
then the Chairman of the Committee on
Education, sponsored the bill in the
Senate.
 Effectivity date of the Rizal law is
on August 16, 1956
Patriotic Objectives of the Rizal Law
 strengthen nationalism, patriotism,
national identity, love of humanity,
respect for human rights
 appreciation of the role of national
heroes in the historical development of
the country
Dr. Jose Rizal Biography
 Full name is José Protasio Rizal Mercado
y Alonso Realonda
 Born on June 19, 1861 in Calamba town,
Laguna province
 Died on December 30, 1896
 He died at age 35, executed by Spanish
colonial masters, who ruled the
Philippines for 350 years.
Dr. Jose Rizal’s Family:
 His parents are:
 Francisco Engracio Rizal Mercado y
Alejandro - Father of Jose Rizal who
was the youngest of 13 offsprings of
Juan and Cirila Mercado. Born in
Biñan, Laguna on April 18, 1818;
studied in San Jose College, Manila;
and died in Manila
 Teodora Morales Alonzo Realonda
de Rizal y Quintos - Mother of Jose
Rizal who was the second child of
Date: June 30, 2022
Lorenzo Alonso and Brijida de
Quintos. She studied at the Colegio
de Santa Rosa. She was a business-
minded woman, courteous,
religious, hard-working and well-
read. She was born in Santa Cruz,
Manila on November 14, 1827 and
died in 1913 in Manila.
 He has ten siblings (9 sisters and One
Brother):
 Saturnina Rizal (1850-1913) - Eldest
child of the Rizal-Alonzo marriage.
Married Manuel Timoteo Hidalgo of
Tanauan, Batangas.
 Paciano Rizal (1851-1930) - Only
brother of Jose Rizal and the second
child. Studied at San Jose College in
Manila; became a farmer and later a
general of the Philippine Revolution.
 Narcisa Rizal (1852-1939) - The third
child. Married Antonio Lopez at
Morong, Rizal; a teacher and musician.
 Olympia Rizal (1855-1887) - The
fourth child. Married Silvestre Ubaldo;
died in 1887 from childbirth
 Lucia Rizal (1857-1919) - The fifth
child. Married Matriano Herbosa.
 Maria Rizal (1859-1945) - The sixth
child. Married Daniel Faustino Cruz of
Biñan, Laguna.
 Jose Rizal (1861-1896) - The second
son and the seventh child.
 Concepcion Rizal (1862-1865) - The
eight child. Died at the age of three.
 Josefa Rizal (1865-1945) - The ninth
child. An epileptic, died a spinster.
 Trinidad Rizal (1868-1951) - The tenth
child. Died a spinster and the last of
the family to die.
  Soledad Rizal (1870-1929) - The
youngest child married Pantaleon
Quintero.
Dr. Jose Rizal’s Education:
 He initially studied medicine in Manila.
 At the age of 21, he traveled to Spain to
complete his medical degree at the
Universidad Central de Madrid, where
he was conferred the degree of
Licentiate in Medicine.
 He went to Paris and Germany to
specialize in ophthalmology, in part
because he wanted to cure his mother’s
failing eyesight.
Rizal as a Polymath
 In Germany, he worked at the University
Eye Hospital under Dr. Otto Becker.
During his stay in Europe between 1882
and 1892, he wrote several poems and
two novels.
 A polyglot, he learnt several languages
— Arabic, Hebrew, Filipino, Ilokano,
Bisayan, Subanon, Chinese, Latin,
Spanish, Greek, English, French,
German, Malay, Sanskrit, Dutch,
Japanese, Catalan, Italian, Portuguese,
Swedish and Russian — according to
historians.
 While in Europe, Rizal wrote two novels,
which the Spanish colonial government
found subversive. His novels had been
turned into a number of period movies.
Rizal as an Author
 While in Europe, Rizal committed
himself to the reform of Spanish rule in
his home country, through peaceful
means. He was a passionate writer and
published his first novel Noli Me
Tangere (Touch me Not/The Social
Cancer, 1887), in Berlin. Noli highlighted
the evils of Spanish rule in his homeland.
 A sequel, El Filibusterismo (1891; The
Filibuster/The Reign of Greed),
established his reputation as the leading
spokesman of the Philippine reform
movement.
 He also published an annotated edition
(1890) of Antonio Morga’s Sucesos de
las Islas Filipinas, hoping to show that
the native people of the Philippines had
a long history before the coming of the
Spaniards.
 To hide his identity, he used the pen
names Laong Laan and Dimasalang in
many of his writings.
 The 8 Most Important Literary Works by
Jose Rizal are:
 To the Filipino Youth - When Rizal
was still a student at the University
of Sto. Tomas, he composed this
literary poetry. Tomas (UST). Rizal
submitted this poem for a poetry
competition for Filipinos held by the
Manila Lyceum of Art and Literature
in its original Spanish translation, "A
la juventud filipina."
 Goodbye to Leonor - This literary
work sheds light on the romance
that existed between Rizal and his
adored Leonor Rivera.
 To the Young Women of Malolos -
He emphasizes the traits ideal
Filipino moms should have, the
obligations of wives to their
husbands and children, and advice
for young women on how to select
their life partners throughout this
literary work. He was inspired to
write this letter by the Malolos
ladies who triumphed in the struggle
they engaged in. Rizal counsels
women to uphold their respect and
dignity, pursue education, and lead
honorable lives in order to set an
example for others.
  Kundiman - He expressed his
fervent love for his motherland in a
kundiman. His sincere aspirations
that the Philippines will one day be
free from betrayal and injustice are
reflected in this piece.
 Junto Al Pasig - For the velada, a
spectacular variety show held during
the major feast days, Rizal wrote this
one-act play in Spanish.
 Noli Me Tángere - Rizal wrote the
novel to expose the ills of Philippine
society during the Spanish colonial
era.
 El Filibusterismo - Rizal dedicated his
second book to the GOMBURZA, three
Filipino priests who were hanged for
subversion and whose names were
Mariano Gomez, Jose Apolonio
Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora. Both of
Rizal's two works, which are now
regarded as his literary masterpieces,
inadvertently contributed to the
Philippine Revolution.
 Mi último adios - Rizal was detained
and ultimately given a firing squad
death sentence for sedition and
rebellion after being connected to the
Katipuneros. Rizal used letters to tell
his compatriots and motherland
farewell during his last days in Fort
Santiago of Manila. One of Rizal's few
final compositions is Mi ltimo adiós, or
My Last Farewell.