SHENNIE ROSE R.

LAMASAN BSED- ENGLISH 4A

SS105: LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

Course Description: As a mandated by Republic Act. 1425 this works covers the life and
works of topics are Rizal’s biography and his writings, particularly the novels NOLI ME
TANGERE and correspondences.
Date of effectivity: Rizal Law (R.A. No. 1425) was signed/approved into law on June 12,1956
by president
Ramon Magsaysay (to honor not only Jose Rizal but all other heroes)
Date of effectivity: Rizal Law (R.A. No. 1425) was signed/approved into law on June 12,1956
by president
Ramon Magsaysay (to honor not only Jose Rizal but all other heroes)
Rizal’s Full name: Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado Alonzo Realonda
Nickname: “Pepe”
Born: June 19, 1861
Died: December 30, 1896
Date of Birth: Calamba, Laguna
God Father: Reverend Father Pedro Casanas
1862: Pepe’s baptismal certificate was destroyed in a fire
Baptized Rizal: referend father Rufino Collantes
Noli Me Tangere: “Touch Me Not”
El Filibusterismo: Second novel of Rizal, dedicated to GumBurZa.
Father Leoncio Lopez: Rizal’s model for Pepe’s portrayal of Father Florentino in Filibusterismo

Private Tutors
• Maestro Celestino
• Maestro Lucas
• Leon Monroy
Biñan
 Rizal went to Biñan on June 1869. He was accompanied by his older brother Paciano and taught by
Maestro Justiniano.
 In academic studies, Rizal beat all Biñan boys. He surpassed them in Spanish, Latin, and other
subjects.

Ateneo
 Rizal entered Ateneo in 1872. He belonged to the class composed of Spaniards, mestizos, and
Filipinos. However, he was considered as an inferior and was placed at the bottom of the class.
 By the end of the month, he became the emperor and received a prize: a religious picture.
 Rizal graduated on March 23, 1877, attaining sobresaliente or excellent with 5 medals. He received
the degree of Bachelor of Arts.
Extra Curriculars
 Classroom Emperor
 Campus Leader
  Secretary of Marian Congregation Religious Society
 Member of Academy of Spanish Literature and the Academy of Natural Sciences
 Studied painting under the famous Spanish Painter, Agustin Saez
 Improved his sculpture talents under the supervision of Romualdo de Jesus.
 Engaged in gymnastics and fencing and continued the physical training under his sports minded Tio
Manuel

Medical Studies in University of Sto. Thomas

 1877 - 1882
 He continued his education at UST and finished a year in Philosophy and Letters after deciding to
shift to a medical course. He made the decision for him to be a physician and be able to treat his
mother’s failing eyesight. Fr. Pablo Ramon, the Father Rector of Ateneo whom he consulted
recommended medicine.
 He studied Cosmology, Metaphysics, Theodicy, and History of Philosophy.
 While UST was under Dominicans, the rival of Jesuits that established Ateneo, Rizal remained loyal to
Ateneo.

Pre-Med Course
 Out of the 28 young men taking Ampliacion only four including Rizal were granted the privilege of
taking simultaneously the preparatory course and the first year of medicine.
 Rizal also received his four-year practical training in medicine at the Hospital de San Juan de Dios in
Intramuros
 During his last year at the University, Rizal had obtained the global grade of Notable (Very Good) in all
his subjects, and he was the second-best student in a decimated class of seven who passed the
medicine course. After which, Rizal decided to study in Spain.

Academic Journey To Spain

1882 - 1885
 His departure for Spain was kept secret from Spanish Authorities, friars and even his parents
especially his mother because she would not allow him to go. To avoid detection, he used the name
Jose Mercado.
 On May 3, 1882, he boarded on Salvadora bound for Singapore where he was the only Filipino
passenger.
 On November 3, 1882, he enrolled in Universidad Central de Madrid taking up two courses:
Philosophy and Letters and Medicine.
 On June 21, 1884, he conferred the degree of Licentiate in Medicine.
 The following academic year, he studied and passed all subjects leading to the degree of Doctor of
Medicine. Unfortunately, he was not able to submit the thesis required for graduation nor paid the
corresponding fees. With that, he was not awarded his Doctor’s Diploma.
 Rizal also finished his studies in Philosophy and Letters with higher grades. He was awarded the
Degree of Licentiate in Philosophy and Letters by the Universidad Central de Madrid June 19, 1885,
with the rating of excellent.
Opthalmology studies and travels in Europe
 Jose Rizal went to Paris and Germany to specialize in ophthalmology. Among all branches, he chose
this specialization because he wanted to cure his mother’s failing eyesight.
 In 1885, after studying at the Universidad Central de Madrid, Rizal, who was then 24 years old, went
to Paris to acquire more knowledge in ophthalmology.

Rizal found friends in Europe:

 Maximo Viola
 Señor Eusebio Corominas
 Don Miguel Morayta
 Dr. Louis de Weckert

 On February 3, 1886, after gathering some experience in ophthalmology, he left Paris and went to
Heidelberg, Germany.
 He worked at the University Eye Hospital under the direction of Dr. Otto Becker, a distinguished
German ophthalmologist.
 On April 22, 1886, Rizal wrote a poem entitled A Las Flores de Heidelberg (To the Flowers of
Heidelberg) because he was fascinated by the blooming flowers along the Neckar River, which was
the light blue flower called “forget-me-not”.
 On August 14, 1886, Rizal arrived in Leipzig. There, he attended some lectures at the University of
Leipzig on history and psychology.

Rizal chose to reside in Germane longer for the following reasons:

 To gain further his studies in science and languages.
 To observe the economic and political conditions of the German nation.
 To associate with the famous scientists and scholars.
 Lastly to publish his novel Noli Me Tangere

Jose Rizal earned a Licentiate in Medicine at the Universidad Central de Madrid, where he also took
courses in philosophy and literature. It was in Madrid that he began writing Noli Me Tangere. He also
attended classes in the University of Paris and, in 1887, he completed his eye specialization course at the
University of Heidelberg. It was also in that year that Rizal’s first novel was published in Berlin.
 Rizal’s Family
Francisco Engracio Rizal Mercado Y
Alejandro
FATHER
 born in Biñan, Laguna on May 11, 1818
 studied Latin and Philosophy at the
College of San Jose in Manila
 became a tenant-farmer of the
Dominican-owned hacienda.
 a hardy and independent-minded man,
who talked less and worked more, and
was strong in body and valiant in spirit.
 died in Manila on January 5, 1898, at the
age of 80.
 Rizal affectionately called him “a model
of fathers”
Saturnina Hidalgo
ELDEST SISTER
(1850-1913)
 Married to Manuel Timoteo Hidalgo
of Tanauan, Batangas
 Nickname Neneng
Narcisca Rizal
THIRD CHILD
(1852-1939)
Teodora Morales Alonzo, Realonda De Rizal
Y Quintos
MOTHER
 born in Manila on November 8, 1826
 educated at the College of Santa Rosa, a
well-known college for girls in the city.
 a remarkable woman, possessing refined
culture, literary talent, business ability,
and the fortitude of Spartan women.
 is a woman of more than ordinary
culture: she knows literature
Paciano Rizal
SECOND CHILD
(1851-1930)
 Studied at San Jose College in Manila
 Farmer and later a general of the
Philippine Revolution
 older brother and confident of Jose
Rizal
 was a second father to Rizal
 immortalized him in Rizal’s first novel
Noli Me Tangere as the wise Pilosopo
Tasio
 Rizal regarded him as the “most
noble of Filipinos”
 became a combat general in the
Philippine Revolution
 died on April 13, 1930, an old
bachelor aged 79
 had two children by his mistress
(Severina Decena)—a boy and a girl
Olympia Rizal
FOURTH CHILD
(1855-1887)
 Married to Atonio Lopez at Morong
Rizal
 A teacher and musician
 Pet name “Sisa”
Lucia Rizal
FIFTH CHILD
(1857-1919)
 Married to Matriano Herbosa, who
was a nephew of Father Casanas
 Herbosa died of cholera in 1889 and
was denied Christian burial because
he was a brother-in-law of Dr. Rizal
Jose Rizal
SEVENTH CHILD
(1861-1896)
 He was executed by the Spaniards on
Dec. 30, 1896.
 the greatest Filipino hero and
peerless genius
 nickname was “Pepe”
 lived with Josephine Bracken, Irish
girl from Hong Kong
 had a son but this baby-boy died a
few hours after birth; Rizal named
him “Francisco” after his father and
buried him in Dapitan
Josefa Rizal
NINTH
(1865-1945)
 An epileptic died a spinster.
 her pet name was Panggoy
 died an old maid at the age of 80
Soledad Rizal
YOUNGEST CHILD
(1870-1929)
 Married to Pantelion Quintero
 her pet name was Choleng
 married Pantaleon Quintero of
Calamba
 Died in 1887 from childbirth
 Pet name “Ypia”
Maria Rizal
SIX CHILD
(1859-1945)
 Married to Daniel Faustino Cruz of
Biñan, Laguna
 Nickname “Biang”
Conception Rizal
EIGTH CHILD
(1862-1865)
 Died at the age of 3
 her pet name was Concha
 died of sickness at the age of 3
 her death was Rizal’s first sorrow in
life
Trinidad Rizal
TENTH CHILD
(1868-1951)
 Died a spinster and the las of the
family died.
 Trining was her pet name.
 she also died an old maid in 1951
aged 83
 Rizal always called her sisters Doña or
Señora (if married) and Señorita (if
single)
 Francisco Mercado and Teodora
Alonso Realonda married on June 28,
1848, after which they settled down
in Calamba.
 The real surname of the Rizal family
was Mercado, which was adopted in
1731 by Domingo Lamco (the
paternal great-great grandfather of
Jose Rizal), who was a full-blooded
 Chinese)
 Rizal’s family acquired a second
surname—Rizal—which was given by
a Spanish alcalde mayor (provincial
governor) of Laguna, who was a
family friend

AGE
 Learned alphabet from his mother 3 yrs. old
 Learning read and write. 5 yrs. old
 he already showed inclinations
to be an artist.
 He astounded his family and relatives
by his pencil drawings and sketches
and by his moldings of clay
 He wrote a Tagalog poem, "Sa Aking 8 yrs. old
Mga Kabata," the theme of which
revolves on the love of one’s
language.
 He obtained his Bachelor of Arts 16 yrs. old
degree with an average of "excellent
“from the Ateneo Municipal de
Manila. (1877)
 He enrolled in Philosophy and Letters
at the University of Santo Tomas,
while at the same time took courses
leading to the degree of surveyor and
expert assessor at the Ateneo.
 He finished the latter course on
March 21, 1877, and passed the
Surveyor’s examination on May 21,
1878
 He was not granted license to 17 yrs. old
practice the profession until
December 30, 1881. In 1878, he
enrolled in medicine at the
University of Santo Tomas but had to
stop in his studies when he felt that
the Filipino students were being
discriminated upon by their
Dominican tutors.
 On May 3, 1882, he sailed for Spain 23 yrs. old
where he continued his studies at the
Universidad Centralde Madrid.
 On June 21, 1884, at the he was
conferred the degree of Licentiate in
 Medicine and on June 19,1885,
 He finished his course in Philosophy 24 yrs. old
and Letters with a grade of
"excellent."

Having traveled extensively in Europe, America, and Asia, he mastered 22 languages.

Arabic, Catalan, Chinese, English, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Italian, Japanese, Latin,
Malayan, Portuguese, Russian, Sanskrit, Spanish, Tagalog, and other native dialects.
A versatile genius, he was an architect, artists, businessman, cartoonists, educator,
economist, ethnologist, scientific farmer, historian, inventor, journalist, linguist, musician,
mythologist, nationalist, naturalist, novelist, ophthalmic surgeon, poet, propagandist,
psychologist, scientist, sculptor, sociologist, and theologian. He was an expert swordsman
and a good shot.

GOMBURZA: The three Filipino priests.

 Mariano Gomes
 Jose Burgos
 Jacinto Zamora
 Executive by Garrote on February 17, 1872
 Bagumbayan, Philippines