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    Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended 3ed_Part16

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Flag for inappropriate content
    6 views10 pages

    Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended 3ed - Part16

    Uploaded by

    volvansky
    Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics Core and Extended 3ed_Part16

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 10
    Algebra and graphs Student assessment 3 L 2 The angles of a triangle are x, 2x and (x + 40) degrees. a) Construct an equation in terms of x. b) Solve the equation ¢) Calculate the size of each of the three angles. Seven is added to three times a number. The result is then doubled. If the answer is 68, calculate the number, ix equal exterior angles. Fach of the fifleen degrees larger than these six angles. Construct an equation and then solve it to find the sizes of the angles Solve the following quadratic equa wetbr=—5 ion by factorisatio Solve the following quadratic equation by using the quadratic formula: #46 =8r Solve the inequality below and illustrate your answer on a number line: 2<3(x-2)<15 For what values of p is the following inequality true? 1 <-1 P Student assessment 4 1 3 The angles of a quadrilateral are x, 3x, (2v ~ 40) and (x — 50) degrees. a) Construct an equation in terms of x b) Solve the equation. ©) Calculate the size of the four angles. Three is subtracted from seven times a number. The result is muliplied by 5. Ifthe answer is 55, calculate the value ol the number by constructing an equation and solving it. The interior angles of a pentagon are 9x, Sx + 10, 6x +5, 8x — 25and 10x ~ 20 degrees. If the sum of the interior angles of a pentagon is 540°, find the size of each of the angles, Solve the following quadratic equation by factorisation: w-x=20 13 Equations and inequalities 5. Solve the following quadratic equation by using the quadratic formula: 28-7 = 3x 6. Solve the inequality below and illustrate your answer on a number line 6<2x<10 7. For what values of m is the following inequality true? tsa Student assessment 5 1. A rectangle is x em long. The length is 3 em more than the width. The perimeter of the rectangle is 54 cm. a) Draw a diagram to illustrate the above information. b) Construct an equation in terms of. ©) Solve the equation and hence calculate the length and width of the rectangle. 2. At the end of a football season the leading goal scorer ina Teague has scored eight more goals than the second leading goal scorer. The second has scored fifleen more than the third. The total number of goals scored by all three players is 134 a) Write an expression for each of the three scores, b) Form an equation and then solve it to find the number of goals scored by each player a) Show thats = 1 +=; can be written as x-5 6x -2=0. b) Use the quadratic formula to solve the equation xa1¢+—h, oe 4, The angles of a quadrilateral are x°, y°, 70° and 40°. The difference between the two unknowns is 18°. a) Write two equations from the information given above. b) Solve the equations to find x and y A right-angled triangle has sides of length x. ~ L and x8. 2) Illustrate this information on a diagram, b) Show from the information given that x* ~ 18x + 65 = 0. ©) Solve the quadratic equation and calculate the length of each of the three Algebra and graphs Student assessment 6 1 3 The angles of a triangle are x°, y° and 40°. The difference between the two unknown angles is 30 a) Write down two equations from the information given above b). What is the size of the two unknown angles? The interior angles of a pentagon increase by 10° as you progress clockwise. a) Illustrate this information in a diagram. b) Write an expression for the sum of the interior angles. ¢) The sum of the interior angles of a pentagon is 540°, Use this to calculate the largest exterior angle of the pentagon, d) Tilustrate on your ci exterior angles. ) Show that the sum of the exterior angles is 360°. agram the size of each of the fi e A flat sheet of card measures 12 em by 10am. It is made into an open box by cutting. a square of side x cm from each corner and then folding up the sides a) Illustrate the box and its dimensions on a simple 3D sketch. b) Write an expression for the surface area of the outside of the box. ¢) Ifthe surface area is 56 cm?, form and solve a quadratic ‘equation to find the value of x. a) Show that — 2 can be written as wt Sx+2=0. b) Use the quadratic formula to solve x — 2 = A rightangled triangle ABC has side lengths as follows: AB = x cm, AC is 2 om shorter than AB. and BC is 2. cm shorter than AC. a) Illustrate this information on a diagram. b) Using this information show that x? ~ 12x +20 = 0. ©) Solve the above quadratic and hence find the length of each of the three sides of the triangle. (14) Linear programming Exercise 14.1 Worked examples @ Revision An understanding of the following symbols is necessary: means ‘is greater than’ means ‘is greater than or equal to” means ‘is less than’ means “is less than or equal to” AAWY 1. Solve each of the following inequalities: a) 1S +3r<21 b) 183p+10 2, Solve each of the following inequalities: a) T<3y+1<13 b) 3<3p<15 ©) 9<30m— 2) <15 4) W< 8-428 © Graphing an inequality ‘The solution to an inequality can als: rated on a graph, a) Ona pair of axes, shade the region which satisfies the inequality x > 3, To do this the line x = 3 is drawn. ‘The region to the right of x = 3 represents the inequality 2 ® 3and therefore is shaded as shown below. Vk Algebra and graphs 7F b) Ona pair of axes, shade the region which satisfies the inequality y <5. ‘The line y = 5 is drawn first (in this case it is drawn as a broken line). =e ‘The region below the line y = 5 represents the inequality y < 5 and therefore is shaded as shown (left). Note that a broken (dashed 2 line shows = or >. 1e shows < or > whilst a solid =Y vp ©) Ona pair of axes, shade the region which satisfies the inequality y 2 b) <3 o)ys4 d)x>-1 e)y>2et1 — f) ysx-3 2 By drawing appropriate axes, leave unshaded the region which satisfies each of the following inequalities: a) y>-x b)ys2-x ec) xsy-3 d)aty=4 e) w-ye3 f) rx<4 4 Linear programming © Graphing more than one inequality Several inequalities can be graphed on the same set of axes. If the regions which satisfy each inequality are feft unshaded then solution can be found which satisfies all the inequalities, ic. the region left unshaded by all the inequalities. Worked example On the same pair of axes leave unshaded the regions which satisfy the following inequalities simultaneously: x<2 yo-l yS3) ysxt2 Hence find the region which satisfies all four inequalities. If the four inequalities are graphed on separate axes the solutions are as shown below: xe2 yoot ys3 i 7 a2 ae | yext2 Combining all four on cone pair of axes gives this diagram. The unshaded region therefore gives a solution which satisfies all four inequalities. 44 879] Algebra and graphs Exercise 14.3 Worked example On the same pair of axes plot the following inequalities and leave unshaded the region which satisfies all of them simultaneously. L yer you res Rxty<6 yew ye 3 y>ar y

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