DEGUMMING

Drying OIL
Water
DEGUMMING

Crude oil OIL

Centrifuge To Bleaching,
from Filtration Blending Hydration
separation caustic refining
extraction
GUM

Solids Acid Peroxide Bleaching

Drying

Fatty Acids Blending LECITHIN

Figure 6. Degumming and lecithin processing.

17

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DEGUMMING

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DIAGRAM ALIR NETRALISASI

Figure 7. Caustic refining.

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6
DIAGRAM ALIR BLEACHING

Figure 8. Bleaching/dry degumming.

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DIAGRAM ALIR BLEACHING

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D I A G R A M A L I R D E O D O R I Z AT I O N

Figure 13. (b) Continuous deodorizer.

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D I A G R A M A L I R D E O D O R I Z AT I O N

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 DIAGRAM ALIR HIDROGENASI

H2 gas

!
!

Figure 10. Hydrogenation.

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38
I N T E R E S T E R I F I C AT I O N
A PRIMER ON OILS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY

Figure 11. Interesterification.

Proses:
Minyak (degummed, refined), dipanaskan (90-120oC) dalam
vakum, ditambah katalisator (sodium metoksi, 0,2-0,3%:
of fats). This process has great potential as the ramifications of natural versus mod-
metal alkali, 0,1-0,2%), reaksi dimulai saat timbul warna
ified fats continue to be debated.
kuning-kecoklatan.
Figure 11 depicts a typicalReaksi (30 menit)
interesterification dihentikan
process. This random dengan inter-
penambahan
esterification air dan
uses a reactor pendinginan.
quite similar in design (if not identical) to the hydro-
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and dried toLampung
around
90–120! C and is blended in the reactor with
9
a catalyst, such as sodium methoxide