Example of a Research Abstract

Previous studies revealed that meaning-focused instruction (MFI) and form-focused

instruction (FFI) are two of the most effective approaches in developing the overall languages skills
of second language learners, separately. However, no experimental studies have been conducted to
prove their effectiveness when integrated. This study, therefore, aims to fill in this gap by investing
the effects of combining MFI and FFI in developing the speaking, writing, and grammar skills of
selected secondary ESL students in public high schools in the Philippines. The participants involved
in this study are 480 third year high school students. These students were divided into four groups;
Group A (n=120) received both the MFI and FFI, Group B (n=120) received MMI only. Group C
(n=120) received FFI only, and Group D (n=120) received the Standard English programme for
secondary ESL students. Findings revealed that students from Group A, B, and C significantly
improved in their speaking. Writing, and grammar skills but not Group D. Based on ANOVA, findings
further showed that students from Group A have outperformed students from Group B, C, D. From
these findings, it is concluded that combining MFI and FFI is an effective way in significantly
improving the language skills of students. Future directions and implications for teaching are
discussed.