e52 Abstracts / Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 20S (2017) e32–e66
joint pain, muscle pain and inflammation and injury locations were
knees/legs, shoulder, spine/back and ankle. This indicates mus-
culoskeletal problems are predominant with this age group and
suggests some injury prevention strategies for both sexes based
on enhancing musculoskeletal fitness, joint stability, inflammatory
control and dynamic movement equilibrium.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2017.01.139
117
Ballistic projectile motion is essential during
power training to enhance shot-put
performance
A. Sakamoto 1,∗ , A. Kuroda 2 , K. Sakuma 2
1 Juntendo University, Institute of Health and Sports
Science & Medicine, Japan
2 Juntendo University, Graduate School of Health and
Sports Science, Japan
Background: Shot-put athletes undergo bench press exercise,
which provides similar kinetic and kinematic outflows of shot-put
event. To develop both strength and speed components of power,
not only heavy resistance but also light resistance is chosen dur-
ing training, where the lifting is performed in a fast repetitive
fashion. At light intensities, greater accelerations can be achieved
at the beginning of the concentric phase, followed by significant
decelerations for the transition to the subsequent eccentric phase.
This enlarged deceleration phase limits the concentric effort and
maximum speed achieved, which will ultimately reduce the event
specificity and training effectiveness. To minimize the decelera-
tion, projectile motions have been advocated. This study aimed to
quantify the maximum concentric velocity of the elbow achieved
during non-throw bench press (NT-BP), bench press throws using
a Smith machine (T-BP) and shot-put event (SP). 12-wk of train-
ing using either NT-BP or T-BP was undertaken by competitive SP
athletes, along with their normal training, to evaluate the training
effectiveness.
Methods: Nine shot-put athletes performed bench press at 50,
40 and 30% 1RM (5 reps each) with and without projectile motions,
and seated shot-put (S-SP) and shot-put (10 times each), with a
wireless electro-goniometer attached at the elbow. From these
tests, peak concentric joint angular velocity was quantified. 12-
week of training (2 sessions/wk, 50 → 40 → 30%1RM; 20-s 2 sets
for each intensity at maximum effort) was undertaken with either
T-BP (n = 5) or NT-BP (n = 4), along with their normal training (a
combination of 75–100% 1RM resistance training and plyometric
training). 1RM and shot-put distance were evaluated before and
after the training program.
Results: Peak concentric angular velocity at 50–30% 1RM was
419.1–502.8◦ /s for NT-BP and 704.1–854.7◦ /s for T-BP, and was
1121.3◦ /s for S-SP and 1539.1◦ /s for SP. After the T-BP training,
1RM, S-SP distance and SP distance were all improved by 10.0%
(p = 0.000), 11.7% (p = 0.000) and 3.0% (p = 0.002), respectively. NT-
BP, however, produced no performance changes.
Discussion: Projectile motions not only rendered the training
velocity closer to the sporting event resulting in improved shot-put
distance, but also enabled light resistance to improve the maxi-
mum strength. It was also implied that their normal training merely
maintained the current level of performance, with non-throw fast
training adding no further improvement.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2017.01.140
118
Medical training for the 2015 Pacific games:
Immediate benefits and long term legacy
M. Brown 1,2,3,∗ , C. Milne 2,4 , A. Alsop 5 ,
M. Constantinou 3,6
1 Sports Medicine Australia, Australia
2 Oceania National Olympic Committees Medical
Commission, Australia
3 Griffith University, Australia
4 Anglesea Medical, Australia
5 Papua New Guinea Sports Foundation, Australia
6 Australian Catholic University, Australia
Background: Major sports events require sufficient numbers
of appropriately skilled medical personnel to provide competent
immediate response and follow-up management of athletes with
sports related injuries and medical conditions. The Pacific Games is
a major multi-sport event affiliated with the Olympic movement.
The Olympic Movement Medical code requires the host nation to
provide a medical program sufficient to ensure the safety of all com-
petitors. The 2015 Pacific Games (PG2015) hosted by Papua New
Guinea (PNG) included over 3000 athletes from 24 countries partic-
ipating in 28 sports over 14 days. A needs analysis conducted by the
Pacific Games Organising Committee (PGOC) identified there were
insufficient numbers of health professionals in PNG with experi-
ence in sports medicine and on-field injury management to provide
the required medical coverage. A training program in on-field injury
management and return to play decision making to upskill local
predominately hospital based PGOC volunteer Doctors, Physiother-
apists, Nurses and other athlete support personnel was deemed
necessary.
Methods: Following a skills gap analysis a multi-component
training and mentoring program consisting primarily of Sports
Medicine Australia (SMA).
Safer Sport Program (SSP) courses was developed and delivered
during the 12 months preceding the Games. An additional 4 day
program on basic principles of sports medicine for health profes-
sionals was delivered by members of the Oceania National Olympic
Committees Medical Commission (ONOCMC) immediately before
the Games and supplemented by mentoring during the Games.
Competency based assessment of practical skills and a qualita-
tive evaluation of participant confidence to deal effectively with
on-field injury scenarios and return to play decision making were
undertaken post training.
Results: Over 300 medical program volunteers attended sports
medicine courses during the 12 months preceding the event. 117
participants, including 24 medical students, achieved the required
competence for SMA Level 1 Sports Trainer Accreditation. 58
Doctors, Physiotherapists, Nurses and medical students also partic-
ipated in the ONOCMC basic principles of sports medicine program.
Qualitative evaluation indicated improved confidence and pre-
paredness of participants to manage injured athletes on-field.
Discussion: The SMA SSP courses provided suitable first respon-
der training for on-field injury assessment and crisis management
at a major multi-sport event. The ONOCMC program provided
sufficient training for health professionals to transfer existing clin-
ical knowledge to the sports event environment. Both programs
are anticipated to provide long term legacy benefits to the local
community. The medical team training program used at PG2015
provides a suitable model for future hosts of major multi-sport
events.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2017.01.141