2nd Assessment

Earth Science

Name: Leanne Cristelle P. Dela Cruz

Date: March 02, 2021

Directions: Answer the following questions briefly.

(maximum of 5 sentences, minimum of 3 to 2 sentences)

1. How are the layers of rocks (stratified rocks are formed? (6 points)
Sedimentary rocks are formed at or near the Earth’s surface in response to the process of
weathering, erosion, transportation and deposition. The layering that occurs in most sedimentary
rocks and in those in igneous rocks formed at the Earth’s surface, as from lava flows and volcanic
fragmental deposits is called stratification. There is no heat and pressure involved in this
formation.

2. What is the importance of stratified rocks in reviewing Earth’s history? (4 pts)

It is important in the interpretation of the Earth's history because it indicates the relative age
of the rock layers and fossils. The law of original horizontality states that most sediments were
originally laid down horizontally. However, many layered rocks are no longer horizontal.

3. Why is it important to know the period and era of specific fossil? (6 pts)
Fossils provide solid evidence that organisms from the past are not the same as those found
today; fossils show a progression of evolution. Fossils, along with the comparative anatomy of
present-day organisms, constitute the morphological, or anatomical record. By comparing the
anatomies of both modern and extinct species, paleontologists can infer the lineages of those
species. This approach is most successful for organisms that had hard body parts, such as shells,
bones or teeth. The resulting fossil record tells the story of the past and shows the evolution of
form over millions of years.

4. What is the difference between relative and absolute age?  (4 pts) 

Relative age is the age of a rock layer (or the fossils it contains) compared to other layers. It
can be determined by looking at the position of rock layers. Absolute age is the numeric age of a
layer of rocks or fossils. Absolute age can be determined by using radiometric dating.

5. How is Earth science affects our everyday life? (5 pts)

Earth Science affects almost everything we do and the planet we live in. Earth science can be
considered to be a branch, but with a much older history. “Earth science” is a broad term that
encompasses four main branches of study, each of which is further broken down into more
specialized fields.