2019 LAE Sample Test (Mathematics)

Solutions
Prepared by: Nathaniel Nollen

1. Paolo has a total of ninety P 20, P 50, and P 100-bills. She has three
and a half times as many P 50 as P 20-bills, and one-half as many P 100
as P 20-bills. How much money does he have?

Solution:

Denomination Pieces Amount

P 20 x
P 50 3.5x
P 100 0.5x
Total 5x = 90

90
Then x = = 18. Completing the table
5
Denomination Pieces Amount
P 20 x = 18 360
P 50 3.5x = 3.5(18) = 63 P 3150
P 100 0.5x = 0.5(18) = 9 P 900
Total 5x = 90 P 4410

Answer: E
2. What number comes next in the following series? 4, 16, 36, 64, . . .
Solution:
The sequence is given by the squares of consecutive even numbers, i.e,
22 , 42 , 62 , 82 , . . . . So the next term is 102 = 100 .

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 Answer: D

3. The larger of two numbers is six more than six times the smaller num-
ber. The larger number is also 122 more than two times the smaller
number. What is the smaller number?
Solution:
Let x be the smaller number. Then the larger number is

6x + 6 = 122 + 2x =⇒ 6x − 2x = 122 − 6
=⇒ 4x = 116
116
=⇒ x = = 29 .
4

Answer: D

4. The measures of two angles in a trapezoid are in the ratio of 2:4. The
measure of the larger angle is twenty-four degrees less than three times
the smaller angle. What is the measure of the larger angle?
Solution:
Let all the units be in degrees. Let s and L be the measure of the
smaller and larger angles, respectively. Since the ratio of s to L is 2 : 4,
then L = 2s. Also, L = 3s − 24. Then

3s − 24 = L = 2s =⇒ 3s − 2s = 24 =⇒ s = 24.

Therefore, L = 2s = 2(24) = 48 .
Answer: B

5. Two airline buses leave an airport at the same time in opposite direc-
tions. The first plane is traveling at 325 kph and the other at 275 kph.
How long will it take for the planes to be 2,700 kilometers apart?
Solution:
Let x be the number of hours needed for the two airlines buses to be
2, 100 kilomiters apart. Then

275x + 325x = 2, 700 =⇒ 600x = 2, 700

2, 700 9
=⇒ x = hours = hours.
600 2

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 Converting to minutes,
9 60 minutes
hours × = 270 minutes .
2 1 hour

Answer: B

6. Jaypee calculated the total revenue for the night to be P54,540. A total
of 540 tickets and souvenirs were sold. If a ticket cost P112 each and a
souvenir costs P68, how many tickets were sold?
Solution:
Let s and t be the number of souvenirs and tickets sold, respectively.
We have the following table

Number of item sold Revenue

Souvenirs s 68s
Tickets t 122t
Total 540 54, 540

We solve the system

(
s + t = 540 (1)
68s + 122t = 54, 540 (2)

Multiplying (1) by −68 gives

−68s − 68t = −36720 (3)

Adding (2) and (3) yields

68s + 122t − 68s − 68t = 54540 − 36720 =⇒ 54t = 17820

17820
=⇒ t = = 330 .
54

Answer: E

7. Trinidad has a total of sixty P100, P200 and P500-bills. She has a total
of P16,800. She has eight more P500 than P100-bills and eight fewer
P500 than P200-bills. How many of P200-bill does she have?

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 Solution:
Let x be the number of P 100-bills

Denomination Pieces Amount

P 100 x 100x
P 200 (x + 8) + 8 = x + 16 200(x + 16)
P 500 x+8 500(x + 8)
Total 5x = 90 P 16, 800

Hence,

16, 800 = 100x + 200(x + 16) + 500(x + 8)

= 100x + 200x + 3200 + 500x + 400
= 800x + 7200

So
9, 600
800x = 16, 800 − 7200 = 9, 600 =⇒ x = = 12.
800
The number of P 200-bills is

x + 16 = 12 + 16 = 28 .

Answer: C

8. One angle in triangle ABC is 31 degrees. The difference between the

measures of the other two angles is 63 degrees. What is the measure
of each angle in triangle ABC? Solution: Let x and y be the other two
measures of angles in the triangle ABC. Then

x + y = 180 − 31 = 149.

Then we have the system

(
x + y = 149 (1)
x − y = 63 (2).

Adding the two equaions give

212
x + y + x − y = 149 + 63 =⇒ 2x = 212 =⇒ x = = 106.
2
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 The third angle is

y = 149 − x = 149 − 106 = 43.

Answer: A

9. The ratio of adult tickets to student tickets for the play was 4:5. If the
sum of the adult tickets and one half of the student’s tickets is 260,
how many adult tickets were sold?
Solution:
Let x be the number of student tickets. Then the number of adult
4
tickets is x. Then
5
4 1 13 10
260 = x + x = x =⇒ x = 260 × = 200.
5 2 10 13
Thus, the number of adult tickets is
4 4 800
x = × 200 = = 160 .
5 5 5

Answer: C

10. Factor a3 − 27.

Solution:
Observe that 27 = 33 . A known formula is

(x3 ± y 3 ) = (x ± y)(x2 ∓ xy + y 2 ).

Using x = a and y = 3,

a3 − 27 = (a3 − 33 ) = (a − 3)(a2 + 3a + 32 ) = (a − 3)(a2 + 3a + 9).

Answer: D

11. The sum of the digits of a three-digit number is 12. The tens digit is
two more than the ones digit. The hundreds digit is five less than three
times the ones digit. What is the number?
Solution:

5
 Let a, b, c be the ones, tens and hundreds digits of the number, re-
spectively. Then a + b + c = 12. Also, b = a + 2 and c = 3a − 5.
Thus,

12 = a + b + c = a + a + 2 + 3a − 5 = 5a − 3 =⇒ 5a = 12 + 3 = 15
15
=⇒ a = =3
5
=⇒ b = a + 2 = 3 + 2 = 5
and c = 3a − 5 = 3(3) − 5 = 4.

Therefore, the number is 453 .

Answer: B

12. If Cyril were three times as old as he was five years ago, he will be sixty
less than six times his current age. How old is Cyril?
Solution:
Let c be the present age of Cyril. Then

3(c − 5) = 6c − 60 =⇒ 3c − 15 = 6c − 60
=⇒ 6c − 3c = 60 − 15
=⇒ 3c = 45
45
c= = 15 .
3

Answer: D

13. The Daily Bugle offers advertisement space at P 98 a page printed in

colored. How many pages would P 2, 450 buy?
Solution:
The number of pages P 2, 450 would buy at P 98 per page is
2450
= 25 .
98

Answer: C

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14. How much water should be added to one liter of pure alcohol to make
a mixture of 50% alcohol?
Solution:
Let x be the number of liters of water to be added to 1 liter of pure
alcohol to make a mixture of 50% alcohol. We want
1 = 0.5(1 + x) = 0.5 + 0.5x.
Then
0.5x = 1 − 0.5 = 0.5.
So
0.5
x= = 1.
0.5
Answer: A
15. What are two consecutive integers, such that seven times the larger
minus three times the smaller is 95?
Solution:
Let x be the smaller number. Then the larger number is x + 1 (since
the numbers are consecutive). Then we have
95 = 7(x + 1) − 3x = 7x + 7 − 3x = 4x + 7 =⇒ 4x = 95 − 7 = 88
88
=⇒ x = = 22.
4
So the numbers are 22 and 23.
Answer: C
16. Sixty-three more than four-fifths of a number equals 111. What is the
number?
Solution:
Let x be the number.

4 4
x + 63 = 111 =⇒ x = 111 − 63 = 48
5 5
5 240
=⇒ x = 48 × = = 60 .
4 4
Answer: A

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17. The ratio of votes for Raf to votes for Jayson in an election is 13:5.
There were a total of 1,530 votes. How many people voted for Jayson?
Solution:
Since the ratio of the votes is 13 : 5, we divide the total number of
1530
votes into 13 + 5 = 18 parts. Then each part is x = = 85. Jayson
18
has 5 parts. Thus, The number of votes for Jayson is

5x = 5(85) = 425 .

Answer: C

18. The sum of three positive consecutive integers is less than 346. What
triple of numbers has the greatest sum?
Solution:
Let x be the smallest number. Then the three numbers are x, x + 1 and
x + 2 since they are consecutive. We want x + (x + 1) + (x + 2) = 345.
Then
342
345 = x + (x + 1) + (x + 2) = 3x + 3 =⇒ 3x = 345 − 3 = 342 =⇒ x = = 114.
3

Therefore, the numbers are 114, 115 and 116 .

Answer: C

19. Simon is nine years older than Jairus. Simon is four times as old as Joter
was three years ago. Joter is eighteen years younger than Marshall.
How old is Jairus?
Solution:
Let a, b, c, d be the present ages of Simon, Jairus, Joter and Marshall
respectively. Then a = b+9 and a = 4(c−3) = 4c−12. Also, c = d−18.
Then a = 4(d − 18) − 12 = d − 72 − 12 = d − 84. So

b = 9 − a = 9 − d + 84 = 93 − d.

Note: There are insufficient details. We can only get the age of Jairus
in terms of the age of Marshall which is missing. Also, Marshall should

8
 be ‘old enough’. Otherwise, Jairus is quite old. Hence, we say that the
answer is ’none of the above’.
Answer: E

20. Emarlu played a few games of bowling. In the third game he scored
80 more than in the second game. In the first game he scored 110 less
than in the third game. His total score for the first two games was 208.
If he wants an average score of 146, what must he score in the fourth
game?
Solution:
Let a, b, c be the scores for the first 3 games, respectively. Then c =
b + 80 and a = c − 110. Then

a = b + 80 − 110 = b − 30.

So

208 = a + b = b − 30 + b = 2b − 30 =⇒ 2b = 208 + 30 = 238

238
=⇒ b = = 119
2

Then a = b − 30 = 119 − 30 = 89 and c = b + 80 = 119 + 80 = 199.

Thus, the total score for the first 3 games is

89 + 119 + 199 = 407.

In order to get an average of 146 in 4 games, he needs a total score of

146 ∗ 4 = 584 in 4 games. Thus, for the 4th games, he needs a score of

584 − 407 = 177 .

Answer: C

21. Evaluate: 1 + 16 ÷ 2 · 8–10.

Solution: There are two ways to evaluate this expression using the
PEMDAS convention. They are as follows:

B 1 + 16 ÷ (2 · 8)–10 = 1 + 16 ÷ 16 − 10 = 1 + 1 − 10 = −8.

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 B 1 + (16 ÷ 2) · 8–10 = 1 + 8 · 8 − 10 = 1 + 64 − 10 = 55.

Note: Questions like this are usually vague hence the two answers. In
fact, these kinds of expressions are invalid in strict mathematical sense.
That’s why the symbols like ‘÷0 and ‘/0 are rarely used and instead, we
use fractions to signify division. Also, we can use grouping symbols to
make an expression valid. I will also mention that PEMDAS is only a
convention (arbitrary) with the only purpose of making expressions clear
to readers and to computers. However, PEMDAS is not a mathematical
fact or rule.
Since −8 is in the choices and 55 is not, I will write −8 as the answer.
But note that this question is really invalid.
Answer: A(Please see note above!)
22. Which of the following fractions has the greatest value?
Solution:
3 4 1 8 6
Clearly, and are both less than and and are greater than
7 9 2 13 11
1 8 6
. So the greatest is one of and .
2 13 11
Writing as similar fractions,
8 88 6 78
= and = .
13 143 11 143

So the greatest is 8/13 .

Answer: B
23. There are three consecutive even integers. Half the sum of the second
and third numbers is 35. What are the integers?
Solution:
Let x be the first integer. Then the intgers are x, x + 2, x + 4 since they
are even consecutive. We have
1 2x + 6
35 = (x + 2 + x + 4) = = x + 3.
2 2
Then x = 35 − 3 = 32. Thus, the numbers are 32, 34 and 36 .
Answer: D

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24. If 27 is added to a two-digit number, the original number will be re-
versed. The number is three less than four times the sum of its digits.
What is the number?
Solution:
Let a and b be the ones and tens digits of the number respectively.
Then the number is 10b + a. We have

10b + a + 27 = 10a + b =⇒ 27 = 10a − a + b − 10b = 27 = 9a − 9b

Also,

10b + a = 4(a + b) − 3 = 4a + 4b − 3
=⇒ −3 = 10b − 4b + a − 4a = 6b − 3a

Thus, we get the system

(
9a − 9b = 27 (1)
6b − 3a = −3 (2).

Multiplying (2) by 3 gives

18b − 9a = −9 (3)

Adding (1) and (3) yields

18
27 − 9 = 9a − 9b + 18b − 9a = 9b =⇒ 9b = 18 =⇒ b = = 2.
9
From (1),
45
27 = 9a−9b = 9a−9(2) = 9a−18 =⇒ 9a = 27+18 = 45 =⇒ a = = 5.
9
Thus, the number is 10b + a = 10(2) + 5 = 25 .
Answer: A

25. Tank drove to Alex’s house at 45 kph. Neil’s house is 28 kilometers

away. Leia arrived at Neil’s house at 4:27 PM. What time did she
leave?

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 Solution:
The distance formula is given by d = vt where d is the distance in
kilometers, t is the time of travel in hours and v is the speed in kph.
Thus, d = 28 and v = 45. Hence,
28
28 = 45t =⇒ t = hours.
45
Converting t to minutes,
28 60 minutes 112
hours × = minutes = 371/3 minutes.
45 1 hour 3

371/3 minutes before 4 : 27 PM is around 3 : 50 PM.

Note: The names in the problem does not match. Is this a trick ques-
tion?
Answer: E

26. A rectangle, whose perimeter is 144 feet, has a length that is 6 feet
longer than its width. What is the area of the rectangle?
Solution:
Let ` and w be the length and width of the rectangle in feet, respec-
tively. Then
` = w + 6.
So

144 = 2` + 2w = 2(w + 6) + 2w = 2w + 12 + 2w = 4w + 12.

132
Then 4w = 144−12 = 132 =⇒ w = = 33. So ` = w +6 = 33+6 =
4
39. Then the area of the rectangle in square feet is

`w = (39)(33) = 1287.

Answer: E

27. A rectangle and a square have the same area. The length of the rect-
angle is 48 inches more than two times its width. The length of a side
of the square is 48 inches. The side of the square is 72 inches less than

12
 five times the width of the rectangle. What is the area of the rectangle
and the square?
Solution:
The length of a side of the square is given. So the area of the square
(and also the rectangle) is 482 = 2304 in2 .
Answer: D

28. Evaluate: 22 + 90.5 + 21 + 2250 .

Solution:

22 + 90.5 + 21 + 2250 = 4 + 3 + 21 + 1 = 29 .

Answer: E

29. Arnold owns three houses and makes money by renting them out. He
charges three times as much per month for the second house than for
the first. The monthly rent for the third house is P 2, 610 less than the
sum of the monthly rents for the first two houses. The first house was
vacant for six months, but otherwise rents were received every month
from the tenants of the three houses. Arnold had total rent receipts
of P186,390 for the year. How much, per month, was the rent for the
third house?
Solution:
Let A, B, C be the monthly rent of the three houses in peso, respec-
tively. Then B = 3A and C = A + B − 2610. Hence,

C = A + 3A − 2610 = 4A − 2610.

13
 We have the following table:

House Rent Number of Months Revenue for the year

1 A 6 6A
2 B = 3A 12 36A
3 C = 4A − 2610 12(4A − 2610) 48A − 31320
Total 90A − 31320

So

90A − 31320 = 186, 390 =⇒ 90A = 186, 390 + 31320 = 217710

217710
=⇒ A = = 2419.
90

Therefore, the rent for the third house is

C = 4A − 2610 = 4(2419) − 2610 = 9676 − 2610 = 7066 .

Answer: E

30. Evaluate: |4 − 5| − |3 − 5| − |3 − 4|.

Solution:

|4 − 5| − |3 − 5| − |3 − 4| = | − 1| − | − 2| − | − 1| = 1 − 2 − 1 = −2 .

Answer: A

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