Jyzleen

Part 1
Good morning everyone, you don’t have to listen us. But you don’t have any choice so
listen to us, even if you don’t want to listen us. Now, are you ready to listen to us? So,
now listen. Since, we are composed of 3 members we decided to performed not just 1
but 2 experiments. So, the part is entitled measuring pH of household chemicals using
natural indicators.

Objectives:
At the end of this experiment, you would be able to:

Jewel:
Materials:
We used Mulberry and Red onion extract for natural indicators to be mixed with 6
household chemicals: we chose coffee, calamansi, milk, salt water, baking soda and
zonrox.
To execute this activity, we need strainer, small cups to hold prepared indicators
and solutions for testing, small pan, stove and syringe.

Kimberly:
Procedure:
NOTE: Predict whether each item will be an acid or a base. YOU MUST PREDICT FOR
ALL SUBSTANCES BEFORE STARTING

Results:
Jyzleen:
 Since, brown is the initial color of coffee when it is mixed with mulberry extract it
becomes dark brown while when it is mixed with Red onion it resulted lighter than
the first solution. So it is both appeared acidic
Jewel:
  We all know that the natural color of calamansi is yellow but if we blend it with
mulberry extract it produces red pigment and if it is mixed with red onion extract it
produces peach color. Just like what we got in the first solution it is also an acid.
Kim:
 Milk is a white liquid but if we combined it with mulberry extract it brings out light
pink color on the other hand if it is mixed with red onion extract there is no
changes occur. These first 3 substances mixed with the 2 natural indicators are
classified as acid.
Jyzleen:
 Salt water can be found in the ocean but if we added mulberry it turns out to be
dark purple while when it is mixed with red onion the outcome is light yellow. So,
if that’s the colors we got it is categorize as basic
Jewel:
 The initial color of baking soda is white but when we mixed it with mulberry
extract it produces violate shade, but when it is blend with red onion extract it
appears light brown color, therefore it is also basic.
Kim:
 When we wash our clothes, we can see that the color of Zonrox is light yellow,
but when it is stir with mulberry and red onion extract it produces the same color
which is lighter than initial color, the last three solutions are set as basics.
Jyzleen:
Conclusion:
With the results we’ve got, we conclude that the common application of indicators
is the detection of end points of titrations. The color of an indicator alters when the
acidity or the oxidizing strength of the solution, or the concentration of a certain
chemical species, reaches a critical range of values. The color change with the
presence or absence of a threshold concentration of a chemical species, such as an
acid or an alkali in a solution. The color change of a pH indicator is caused by the
dissociation of the H+ ion from the indicator itself. The dissociation of the weak acid
indicator causes the solution to change color. Using multiple indicators, rather than a
single indicator, often makes it possible to obtain a more precise (narrow) estimate of
the pH of a substance.

Part 2
Jewel:
After we classify the household chemicals as base or acid using natural indicators, now
we proceed to the next part which will test the strength of how acidic or basic the
different solution is using circuit
Objectives:

Kim:
Materials:
All acids and bases do not ionize or dissociate to the same extent. This leads to the
statement that acids and bases are not all of equal strength in producing H+ and OH-
ions in solution. To be be able to achieve the objectives we need the following:
For the circuit we have:
Tissue Battery (9V)
3-volt LED light
Number 22 gauge insulated wire with approximately 1” of insulation off both ends
Electrical tape
Popsicle stick for the bulb holder Aluminum Foil

And also the solution in the first experiment is also used for the reason that it is the one
that we will test.
Jyzleen:
Procedure:
The terms "strong" and "weak" give an indication of the strength of an acid or base. The
terms strong and weak describe the ability of acid and base solutions to conduct
electricity. If the acid or base conducts electricity strongly, it is a strong acid or base. If
the acid or base conducts electricity weakly, it is a weak acid or base. After we follow
this procedure
Jewel:
Result:
The conductivity of various solutions with a light bulb apparatus. The light bulb circuit is
incomplete. If the circuit is completed by a solution containing a large number of ions,
the light bulb will glow brightly indicating a strong ability to conduct electricity as shown
for the solution of Calamansi and Zonrox.
If the circuit is completed by a solution containing large numbers of molecules and
either no ions or few ions, the solution does not conduct or conducts very weakly as
shown for Salt Water, Milk, Coffee, and Baking Soda.

Kim:
Conclusion:
Now we conclude that weak base or acid has a lot of molecules, therefore strong
bonds. But, because it is a weak base or acid so it is poor conductor of electricity,
for it stays mainly as molecules and forms few ions.
Strong base or acid has a lot of ions, therefore weak bonds. But, because it is a
strong base or acid so it is good conductor, for it forms many ions in a solution.