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Elevators, or lifts, are vertical transportation devices that move
people and goods to various levels and floors of a structure. Updated on July 12, 2019
Designed with a cab (also known as a car, carriage, or cage) that
is either pushed or pulled vertically through space via a Ads by
combination of machines and hoists, elevators are essential
building technologies that facilitated the development of Stop seeing this ad

skyscrapers. Elevators are commonly distinguished by being Why this ad? 

either Traction Elevators that use hoist ropes or Hydraulic
Elevators that are driven by a hydraulic cylinder.

Elevators | Lifts Common Questions

Who invented the modern elevator?
Elisha Otis invented the ‘safety elevator’ in 1852 which was the first
system that demonstrated that it was safe for passengers and
widespread use in buildings.
When is an elevator needed?
The need for an elevator depends on the situation, but an elevator is
typically needed when a building has three or more floors and is more
than 3,000 ft2 | 279 m2.
What are the common types of elevators?
The two most common elevator types are Traction and Hydraulic
Elevators. Traction elevators are raised and lowered by steel hoists, while
hydraulic systems use pistons.

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Hydraulic MRL Elevators Traction

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Hydraulic Elevators |
Lifts
Elevator Pit Depth: 4’-6’ | 1.2-1.8 m
Piston Cylinder Depth: Overall rise +
4’-7’ | 1.2-2.1 m
Elevator Width: Varies (see Elevator
Layouts)
Top Floor Height (with overrun):
12’-16’ | 4.9-6.1 m
Floor to Floor Height: 12’-14’ | 3.7-4.3
m (typical)
Elevator Door Height: 7’-8’ | 2.1-2.4 m
Additional Space: Machine Room
required at ground floor
Travel Speed: 200’ | 61 m per minute
Max Distance (Approximate): 60’ | 18.
m

Drawings include:
Hydraulic Elevator | Lift section
(business people)
Links
Wikipedia - Elevators (Hydraulic
Elevator)
Details & Downloads

Hydraulic Elevators are lift systems that use a hydraulic piston to

raise and lower the elevator car. Hydraulic Elevators are typically used
for low-rise and mid-rise buildings below 6 stories due to the elevator
system’s slower speed and limited piston lengths.
The hydraulic piston sheave and cylinder is located below the
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y p y Elevators | Lifts Dimensions & Drawings | Dimensions.com
elevator pit and must be at least the overall rise plus 4’-7’ (1.2-2.1
m).Humans Browsehave
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slow travel speed of 200’ (61 m) per minute and a limited distance
of approximately 60’ (18.3 m). Hydraulic Elevators have an
elevator pit depth of 4’-6’ (1.2-1.8 m) and require an additional
machine room at the ground floor adjacent to the elevator shaft.

Machine-Room-Less
Elevators | Lifts
Top Floor Height (With Hoisting
Machine): 12’-16’ | 4.9-6.1 m
Elevator Pit Depth: 5’-12’ | 1.5-3.7 m
Elevator Width: Varies (see Elevator
Layouts)
Floor to Floor Height: 12’-14’ | 3.7-4.3
m (typical)
Elevator Door Height: 7’-8’ | 2.1-2.4 m
Additional Space: Control room
required on top floor
Travel Distance: 250’ | 76 m
Travel Speed: 500’ | 152 m per minute

Drawings include:
MRL - Machine-Room-Less Elevators
| Lifts section (business people)
Links
Wikipedia - Elevators (Machine-Room-
Less Elevators)
Details & Downloads

Machine-Room-Less (MRL) Elevators are modern traction lift systems

that use an electric hoisting machine located within the top of the
elevator shaft to hoist the elevator car. Eliminating the penthouse
machine room that is necessary for Traction Elevators, the Machine-
Room-Less (MRL) Elevator is gaining popularity because they require
less space, are energy efficient, and efficiently satisfy the speed and
travel requirements of mid-rise buildings.
Machine-Room-Less (MRL) Elevators travel at a speed of 500’
(152 m) per minute with a maximum distance of up to 250’ (76 m).
A control room is required at the highest elevator landing and
must be adjacent to the elevator shaft and within 150’ (46 m) of
the machine.

Traction Elevators |
Lifts
Penthouse Machine Room Height:
10’-12’ | 3-3.7 m
Elevator Pit Depth: 5’-12’ | 1 5-3 7 m
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Elevator Pit Depth: 5 12 | 1.5 3.7 m
Top Floor Height (with overrun):
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Elevator Width: Varies (see Elevator
Layouts)
Floor to Floor Height: 12’-14’ | 3.7-4.3
m (typical)
Elevator Door Height: 7’-8’ | 2.1-2.4 m
Additional Space: Penthouse Machine
Room
Geared Traction Speeds: 500’ | 152 m
per minute
Gear-less Traction Speeds: 2,000’ |
610 m per minute

Drawings include:
Traction Elevator | Lift section (busines
people)
Links
Wikipedia - Elevators (Traction Elevator
Details & Downloads
Traction Elevators are lift systems that use an electric hoisting
machine and hoisting cables to raise and lower the elevator car
vertically along guide rails. Traction Elevators are a common system
for many mid-rise and high-rise structures and require a penthouse
machine room to store the mechanical equipment and a
counterweight to balance the load placed on the machinery by the
car and passengers. Traction Elevators come in two types, geared and
gear-less, that differ based on if a gearbox is attached to the motor.
Geared Traction Elevators are slower at 500’ (152 m) per minute
and can travel a maximum of 250’ (76 m). Gear-less Traction
Elevators have faster speeds of up to 2,000’ (610 m) per minute
and can travel up to 2,000’ (610 m).‍Penthouse machine rooms
for Traction Elevators have heights between 10’-12’ (3-3.7 m). The
elevator pit depth for a Traction Elevator is in the range of 5’-12’
(1.5-3.7 m) depending on the application.

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