Choose five (5) questions, then answer and explain .

1. Explain the rights theory.

 Right theory means that there are things that we cannot do against other people,
because they are holders of moral rights. A right defend people from getting bad
intentions or from getting hurt.
 Right theory also means that for a society to work well and be successful,
government officials are needed to make and implement laws for the citizen. But in
making the laws, government officials should consider the freedom of the citizens
and their rights, those laws should not be a barrier to their freedom. Those laws
should be made with right intentions for the people or citizen. The government have
no rights to make law that have cruel intentions against the citizen and the society.
To be able to achieve the end goal of the society, the government must work hard
and be transparent and equal in making laws and in considering their citizens. The
government that shows or demonstrates superiority against their citizen and society
are considered to opposed the human rights of the citizen.

2. Differentiate a legal from a moral right.

LEGAL RIGHT MORAL RIGHT

 Are the rights that are on the books.
 Representing the positive law.
 Questions as to their existence can be
resolved by just locating the pertinent
legal instrument or piece of legislation.
 Legal rights are rights that people have
under some legal system, granted by a
duly authorized legal authority or
government.
 Legal rights are made by the government
officials.
 Describe what ought to be.
 Represent the natural law.
 Are rights that exist prior to and
independently from their legal
counterparts.
 Moral rights are rights accorded under
some system of ethics. These might be
grounded in mere humanity, they might
be rights that all people deserve just
because they are humans, or because
they are rational beings.
 Moral rights exist naturally to humans.

4. For Kant, what is the role of reason in living morality? *

 For Kant, the role of reason is that we do our moral duty when our motive is
determined by a principle recognized by reason rather than the desire for any expected
consequence or emotional feeling which may cause us to act the way we do. The “will” is
defined as that which provides the motives for our actions. In other words, Kant claims that
reason dictates that the act we are morally obligated to do is one which is motivated by
adherence to a principle which could, without inconsistency, be held to apply to any or all
rational agents. The directive role reason plays in the attainment of morality accentuates
individuals to perform actions, which could be used as a universal maxim, and also enthrones
respect for human dignity and mutual co-existence in inter-human social relationship among
members of a community.

9. Explain: “What is legal is not always moral.”

 Legal pertains to laws or legal system that are made by our government, but not all
legal are always adequate to our moral as it some affects our moral rights or human
rights. To accordance of all people, in legal way laws are made and implemented for
us to follow, but basically some laws affects our moral rights and the intentions are
not right for humans, so what happen is that in the end people do rallies to complaint
and to voice out there moral rights. An example of this phrase is that in the
 Philippines, lawmakers are asking the government to bring back the death sentence
which is immoral, so the human rights committee are doing there best to stop this to
become a law. Another example is that in Japan, abortion is legal, but in the
Philippines it is illegal to kill an unborn child since it is viewed as immoral.
 In other words, legal are not always equal or right to the eyes of all people. Some
legal can also cause or do damage and affect our moral rights.

10. Differentiate between the rights and virtue theories.

