Section 2 Structure 7.

______ Nat Turner who led a revolt against

1 . Hanya Holm is a dancer, choreographer and slavery in Virginia in 1831.
_____ (A) Where was
(A) dance that she teaches (B) It was
(B) her teaching of dance (C) He was
(C) to teach dancing (D) That he was
(D) dance teacher
8. The most elaborate of all bird nests ______ ,
2. During an eclipse of the Sun, ______ in the domed communal structure built by social
shadow of the Moon. weaverbirds.
(A) the Earth lies (A) larger
(B) the Earth when lying (B) largely is
(C) that the Earth lies (C) the large
(D) the lying Earth (D) is the large

3. Under the influence of Ezra Pound, Hilda 9. William Walker's mural, "Wall of Respect,"
Doolittle became associated with the Imagists, ______ an outdoor wall in Chicago, deals
and ______ into one of the most original poets of with social issues.
the group. (A) covers
(A) developed (B) covers it
(B) to be developing (C) which covers
(C) who developed (D) which it covers
(D) developing it 10. Studies of the gravity field of the Earth indicate
______ yield when unusual weight is placed on
4. _____ all rainwater falling from a cloud reaches them.
the ground; some of it is lost through evaporation. (A) although its crust and mantle
(B) its crust and mantle to
(A) Nowhere (C) that its crust and mantle
(B) Not (D) for its crust and mantle to
(C) No
(D) None 11. The columbine flower, ______ to nearly all of
the United States, can be raised from seed in
5. In an area first explored by Samuel de almost any garden.
Champlain, ______ . (A) native
(A) establishment of the city of Halifax in 1749 (B) how native is
(B) in 1749 the city of Halifax established (C) how native is it
(C) in 1749, establishing the city of Halifax (D) is native
(D) the city of Halifax was established in 1749
12. The photoperiodic response of algae actually
6. A nation's merchant marine is made up of its depends on the duration of darkness, ______ .
commercial ships and the people ______ them. (A) the light is not on
(A) they operate (B) and not on light
(B) who operate (C) but is not on the light
(C) they operate of (D) is not on light
(D) do they operate
13. ______, the first Black denomination in the
United States.
(A) Richard Alien founded the African
Methodist Episcopal Church
(B) Richard Alien, who founded the African
Methodist Episcopal Church
(C) The African Methodist Episcopal Church
founded by Richard Alien
(D) The foundation of the African Methodist
Episcopal Church by Richard Alien

14. The annual worth of Utah's manufacturing is

greater than ______ .
(A) that of its mining and farming combined
(B) mining and farming combination
(C) that mining and farming combined
(D) of its combination mining and farming

15. The wallflower ______ because its weak stems

often grow on walls and along stony cliffs for
support.
(A) so called is
(B) so is called
(C) is so called
(D) called is so
Section 2 Structure D. did the beginning of inflation
7. The basis premise behind all agricultural
1. In the late 1970’s and early 1980’s, the United production is _____available the riches of the soil
States developed the reusable space shuttle
________to space cheaper and easier. for human consumption.
A. to make access A. to be made
B and making access B. the making
C. which made accessible C. making is
D. and made accessible. D. to make

2. Genetically, the chimpanzee is more similar to 8. ___to the united states House of Representatives
humans _______. in 1791, Nathaniel Macon remained in office until
A. are than any other animal
B. than is any other animal 1815.
C. any other animal is A. Election
D. and any other animal is B. Why he was elected
C. Elected
3. _______more than 65,000 described species of D. Who was elected
protozoa, of which more than half are fossils.
A. Being that there are 9. ________ of classical ballet in the united states
B. There being began around 1830.
C. Are there A. To teach
D. There are B. Is teaching
C. It was taught
4. The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 ___ nearly D. The teaching
unanimously through the United States Congress.
A. passed 10. The universe is estimated ___between 10 billion
B. in passage
C. having passed and 20 billion years old.
D. passing A. being
B. to be
5. Modern skyscrapers have a steel skeleton of C. which is
beams and columns ___a three-dimensional grid. D. is.
A. forms
B. from which forming 11. A situation in which an economic market is
C. and forming dominated by a ____ is known as a monopoly.
D. that forms A. single of a product seller
B. product single of a seller
6. The average level of United States prices grew C. seller of a product single
very little from 1953 until the mid-1960’s when D. single seller of a product
____________.
A. did inflation begin 12. ____ freshwater species of fish build nests of
B. inflation began sticks, stones, or scooped-out sand..
C. the beginning of inflation A. As the many
B. Of the many
C. Many
D. Many of them are

13. Newspaper publishers in the united states

have estimated ___________reads a
newspaper every day.
A. nearly 80 percent of the adult population
who
B. it is nearly 80 percent of the adult population
C. that nearly 80 percent of the adult population

who
D. that nearly 80 percent of the adult
population

14. The foundation of all other branches of

mathematics is arithmetic, _ science of
calculating with numbers.
A. is the
B. the
C. which the
D. because the

15. Nylon was ___the human-made fibers.

A. the first of which
B. what the first of
C. it the first of
D. the first of
STRUCTURE 1 6. …. Getting the highest result in the class, john
still had problems with his teacher.
Directions : Questions 1-4- are complete sentences
a. Despite of
you will see, four words or phrases, market (A), (B),
(C) and (D). Choose the one word or phrase that b. In spite of
best complete the sentences c. Even though
d. Nonetheless
1. A dominant animal is best defined as one ….
Actions are not constrained by possible 7. This new service will be available to all users ….
responses of its fellows. Up for paid membership.
a) With a. That signed
b) That is b. That signed it
c) Whose c. Which signed
d) Where its d. Sign

2. In general, …. Have a professional obligation to 8. I think Jane deserved to be fired for her ….
protect confidential sources of information. a. Totally behavior irresponsible
a. Which journalists b. Behavior totally irresponsible
b. Journalists, they c. Irresponsible totally behavior
c. Journalists d. Totally irresponsible behavior
d. Journalists that
9. Acute hearing helps most animals sense the
3. Cobalt resembles iron and nickel in tensile approach of thunderstorms long before people
strength, appreance,… ….
a. Is hard a. Hear
b. Although hard b. Hearing them
c. Has hardness c. Do
d. And hardness d. Do them

4. …. Explores the nature of guilt and 10. Of all economically important phants,palms
responsibility and builds to a remarkable have been …
conclusion. a. The least studied
a. The written beautifully novel b. Study less and less
b.The beautifully written novel c. Study the least
c. The novel beautifully written d. To study the less
d. The written novel beautifully
11. With the passing of the time and the
5. He is a man …. To have the vision of an eagle emoarchement of people, the habitat of garillas
and courage of a lion. … to decrease
a. Who appears a. Containing
b. He appears b. Continius
c. Who appear c. Which continue
d. He appear d. Continue

12. …. Social meeting birds that build their nests in

tress and on clifis.
 a. Most stocks are 18. The Duncan sofa, …. Is highly valued in today’s
b. Stocks most antique furniture market.
c. The most stocks
a) A colonial masterpiece
d. Most are stocks
b) A colonial masterpiece which
c) It is a colonial masterpiece that
13 ….. was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics for
d) Whose colonial masterpiece
this work on the phoneletric effect.
a. That enstein 19.Maine’s coastline is a major attraction and vista
b. It was enstein of sandy beaches contrasted… rockbound
c. Enstein who shoreline.
d. Enstein
a) to the rugged
b) by the rugged
14. Emma Thompson was nominated for an c) on the rugged
Academy Award as both a Screenwriter…an d) at the rugged
actress in 1996.
20. At the seventh international ballet competions,
a) Also Fernando Bujones won the first gold modal ever
b) Or … to a Unites States make dancer
c) In addition
d) And a) That award
b) Should be awarding
15. Because of its warm tropical climate, c) To be awarded
howards…. Subzero temperature. d) To award
a) Almost experience never
21. the best-known diffuse nebulas is the great
b) Expreriance never almost
Orion Nebuls …. Can be seen by the naked eye.
c) Experiences almost never
d) almost never experiences a) It
b) Which
16. from the inception of his long and distinguished c) One
career, frank lieyd wright was concerned with d) Who
how … architecture with topography.
22. Over time the young students will perfect the art
a) Integrating
of piano playing. After all, such …. Needs
b) To integrate
delicate handling .
c) Did the integrate
d) Integrated a) A tuned instrument finely
b) A finely instrument tuned
17. Egyptian pyramids were regularly robbed c) An instrument tuned finely
despite their intricate passageways, byzantine d) A finely tuned instrument
mazes, and …
23. Before Johnson and smith reached great heights
a) Walls which were false
in the business world, … encountered many great
b) They had false walls
difficulty in promoting their theories and methods.
c) False walls
d) Walls of falsity a) They
b) Who
c) Which
d) He
STRUCTURE 2 9. Accute hearing helps most animals sense the
1. The tongue can move and play a vital role in approach of thunderstorms long before people….
chewing, …..…, and speaking. a. hearing them b. do
a. to b. swallowing c. do them c. hear
c. for d. of
10. The rotation of the Earth on its axis is…….the
2. Instead of being housed in one central bank, the alternation of periods of light and darkness.
Federal Reserve System is to….. into twelve a. responsible in b. responsible for
districts. c. responsible with d. responsible to
a. dividing b. divided
c. division d. divides 11. Doctors are not sure……fever
a. exactly how disease causes
3. Those species are cultivated for their…….follage. b. diseases exactly causes how
a. beautifully b. beau c. how disease causes exactly
c. beauty d. beautiful d. how exactly causes disease

4. Kiwi birds mainly eat insects, worms, and snails 12. ………. Burmese breed of cat was developed in
and……. For their food by probing the ground the US during the 1930’s.
with their long bills. a. The b. When the
a. searching b. searches c. While the d. Since the
c. searched d. search
13. Along the rocky shores of New
5. He founded that city in 1685, and…..quickly England………and tidal marsh.
a. are where stretches of sandy beach
grew to be the largest city in colonial America. b. stretches of sandy are there
a. he b. it c. are stretches of sandy beach
c. it d. we d. stretches of sandy beach are

6. Fewer people reside in Newfoundland than 14. lina was nominated for an award as both a
in……Canadian province except Prince Edward screenwriter……..an actress in 2009.
a. also b. in addition
Island.
c. and d. but
a. other b. one another
c. any other d. others 15. An erupting volcano sometimes affects……of
the surrounding region and can even cause lakes
7. Dr. Bethune, the founder of Bethune-Cookman
College, served as…….to both Franklin Rosevelt to disappear.
and Harry Truman. a. feature b. the featured
c. featuring d. the feature
a. advise b. advised
c. an advisor d. advising 16. most tree frogs change color to
harmonize…………
8. Some plants produce…………poisons that can a. to their background
affect a person even if he or she merely brushes b. with their background
against them. c. on their background
a. irritating b. irritated d. in background of them
c. irritability d. irritation
 25. the museum houses…..of various objects
17. due to the refraction of light rays,….Is documenting the vibrancy of the cultures.
impossible for the naked eye to determine the a. five thousands pieces
exact location of a star close to the horizon. b. pieces five thousands
a. it b. this c. five thousand pieces
c. that d. there d. thousands five pieces

18. Modern poets have experimented with poetic 26. …….in the same direction as their orbital
devices…………..and assonance. motions, while Venus and Uranus rotate
a. as such alliteration oppositely.
b. such as alliteration a. seven of planets rotate
c. such alliteration as b. seven planets rotate
d. alliteration such as c. seven rotate of planets
d. seven rotate planets
19. Birds’ eggs vary greatly…….size, shape, and
color. 27. in the US….. to the national legislature
a. with b. of comprising the house of Representatives and the
c. at d. in
Senate.
20. Fredrick dedicated……….of slavery and the a. voters elect representatives
fight for civil rights. b. representatives elect voters
a. his life to work the abolishment c. elect representatives voters
b. his life to working for the abolishment d. voters election representative
c. his life to work to abolish
d. his life to working in abolish 28. it is the interaction between people, rather than
the events that occur in their lives,……the main
21. Mount Edith Cavell, a peak in the Canadian focus of social psychology.
Rockies, is named…… a. which are b. that are
a. a famous after nurses c. which is d. that is
b. after a famous nurse
c. nurses after a famous 29. Today…..fewer than one hundred varieties
d. after famous nurses cultivated flowers.
a. are b. have
22. Xanthines have both Good and bad effects on c. there are d. have there
the body, and these effects…..the size and
regularity of dosage. 30. …….some of the famous detectives in literature
a. are generally determined by are based on deductive reasoning.
b. are generally determined on a. methods use by
c. are generally determined in b. they used methods
d. are generally determined with c. the methodology used
d. using the methods of
23. when a severe ankle injury forced….to give up
reporting in 1926, M.Mitchell began writing her 31. the short story most naturally flourishes in an
novel Gone with the wind. age…..with simplicity and directness.
a. herself b. her a. what it expresses
c. hers d. she b. that expresses itself
c. which expressing
24. one of the most difficult questions in difining d. it is expressed
sleep is “what……the functions of sleep?”
a. is b. has 32. Naval cartographers’ knowledge of surface
c. have d. are ocean currents is much more
complete…….subsurface currents.
a. than b. than in d. what is increasingly
c. than those of d. than that of STRUCTURE 3

33. Unless exposed to light….plant cells do not 1. Neither Professor Johnson nor any other faculty
produce chlorophyll. member __________ to apply for the dean’s
a. most of b. the most of position.
c. the most d. most A. intend
B. intends
34. Temperature levels in an oven are varied C. are intending
according to the kinds of… D. has intend
a. are foods baked
b. foods to be baked 2. E. Coli has proven to be __________ most
c. are baked foods dangerous bacteria that can be acquired from
d. foods are baking food and water, even in developed countries.
A. one of the
35. the three most common states of matter are…. B. one of
a. solidity, liquid, and gas C. one
b. solid, liquefy, and gas D. of one
c. solidity, liquidate, and gas 3. The death toll would __________ much higher if
d. solid, liquid, and gas immediate action had not beentaken.
A. probably being
36. the snowy egret is about the size…..crow B. probably be
a. large b. of a large C. probably been
c. of large d. a large D. be probable

37. it has been found that chronic loud noise may 4. A fire in the __________ building could be a
lead to….hearing loss problem for firefighters.
a. temporary or permanently A. ninety-story-tall
b. temporarily or permanent B. ninety-tall-story
c. temporarily or permanently C. ninety-stories-tall
d. temporary or permanent D. ninety stories
5. Their office consisted of three rooms,
38. with modern machinery, textile mills can __________ was used as a conference room.
manufacture as much fabric in a few seconds A. larger of which
as…..weeks o produce by hands B. the largest of which
a. workers once took it C. the largest of them
b. took workers it once D. largest
c. it took once workers
d. it once took workers 6. In the past six months, the company has already
received twice __________ ingross revenues as it
39. Norman Mailers first….with his war novel The
Naked and The Dead, published in 1948. earned in the entire preceding year.
a. Successfully achieved A. as much
b. achieved success B. more
c. successful achievement C. as many
d. achievement of success D. as more
7. __________ better, the team would have been
40. Through the years, the job of governing cities
able to defeat the opponent.
has become …..complex.
A. If it prepares
a. so much increasingly
B. If prepares
b. increasingly whole
c. increasingly
C. Preparing
D. Had it prepared
14. The gymnasium facilities of this public school
8. Nobody knows why __________ postponed until are __________ those of the finest private
next week. school in the county.
A. the meeting A. second after
B. was the meeting B. second only to
C. did the meeting C. first except for
D. the meeting was D. second place from
9. The curriculum at the public school is as good 15. The more the horse tried to free itself from the
__________ of any privateschool. restraint, __________.
A. or better than A. the tighter it became
B. as or better that B. it became tighter
C. as or better than that C. the horse could not escape
D. as or better than those D. it was unable to move
10. Being a private university, __________ a well- 16. __________, that runner is likely to be the first
organized charitable givingprogram in order to one chosen.
offer a sufficient number of quality courses and A. Due to her agility and speed
activities. B. Because of she is agile and fast
A. development of C. Because agile and rapid
B. it developed D. Because her agility and speed
C. develop
D. developing 17. It was not until the students were seated
__________ the proctor realized he had the
11. Internet companies rely heavily on income from wrong test booklets.
on-line purchases, but __________. A. that
A. traditional companies as well B. when
B. traditional companies too C. as soon as
C. also traditional companies D. and
D. so do traditional companies
18. As a result of the additional rain with so much
12. The company had difficulty distributing flooding already having occurred,residents were
__________ so that they could meetproduction
quotas. seeking shelter __________ than in previous
A. sufficiently number of parts in a timely manner years.
to its manufacturers A. in more numbers
B. a sufficient number of parts to its B. more numerously
manufacturers in a timely manner C. greater in numbers
C. to its manufacturers in a timely manner a D. in greater numbers
sufficient number of parts
D. in a timely manner to its manufacturers a 19. The company president wrote an e-mail and
sufficient number of parts planned to send __________ as soon as the vote
was complete.
13. The company sustained an angry reaction from A. to all directors the message
its employees after announcing how B. the message by all directors
__________ to reduce operating costs. C. message to all directors
A. it planned D. the message to all directors
B. planned
C. did it plan 20. As the result of Diane’s illness and the effects of
D. was planned
the medication, __________ to curtail her work
and public speaking activities.
A. has
B. had
C. she has had
D. she will had
21. __________ did Arthur realize that there was
danger. Structure
A. Upon entering the store
B. When he entered the store 1. Neither Professor Johnson nor any other faculty
C. After he had entered the store member __________ to apply for the dean’s
D. Only after entering the store position.

22. Hardly __________ the office when he realized A. intend

that he had forgotten his wallet. B. intends
A. he had entered
B. had entered C. are intending
C. entered D. has intend
D. had he entered
23. Once the employees had begun receiving
financial information on the company, 2. E. Coli has proven to be __________ most
__________ income. dangerous bacteria that can be acquired from food
A. they diligently assisted in reducing costs and
increasing and water, even in developed countries.
B. it made the employees more eager to assist in A. one of the
reduce costs and increase
C. diligently they assist to reduce costs and increase B. one of
D. with extreme diligence helped lower costs and C. one
increase
D. of one
24. The plumber attempted to loosen the nut with
regular pliers but then decided he needed to
retrieve his toolbox in order to use __________. 3. The death toll would __________ much higher if
A. another pliers immediate action had not been taken.
B. others pliers
C. the others ones A. probably being
D. another pair B. probably be
25. The committee has met and __________. C. probably been
A. have approve the budget
B. budget was approved D. be probable
C. its approval of the budget
D. approved the budget
4. A fire in the __________ building could be a
problem for firefighters.
A. ninety-story-tall
B. ninety-tall-story
C. ninety-stories-tall
D. ninety stories

5. Their office consisted of three rooms,

__________ was used as a conference room.
A. larger of which
B. the largest of which A. that is expected
C. the largest of them B. what is expected
D. largest C. which expects
D. that expected
6. In the past six months, the company has already 13. Some people send job applications even when
received twice __________ in gross revenues as they are reasonably happy in their jobs,
it earned in the entire preceding year. __________ improving their position.
A. as much A. with hoping to
B. more B. hoping that
C. as many C. with hopes of
D. as more D. hoping to

7. __________ better, the team would have been 14. Swimming is a beneficial exercise, __________
able to defeat the opponent. aerobic activity and uses a number of muscle
A. If it prepares groups.
B. If prepares A. not only because it provides
C. Preparing B. because it both provides
D. Had it prepared C. for provision
D. as result of providing
8. Nobody knows why __________ postponed until
next week. 15. The professor instructed the students
A. the meeting __________ the essay without preparing an
B. was the meeting outline first.
C. did the meeting A. to not write
D. the meeting was B. not to write
C. do not write
9. The curriculum at the public school is as good D. to no write
__________ of any private school.
A. or better than 16. It is not clear when __________, although there
B. as or better that are many different theories.
C. as or better than that A. dinosaurs becoming extinct
D. as or better than those B. dinosaurs extinction
C. dinosaurs became extinct
10. Being a private university, __________ a well- D. did dinosaurs become extinct
organized charitable giving program in order to
offer a sufficient number of quality courses and 17. If the driver’s own car __________ damaged,
activities. the favorite probably would have won the race.
A. development of A. had not been
B. it developed B. not
C. develop C. no had been
D. developing D. has no be

11. The greater the number of bacteria attacking the 18. The soldiers were unable to determine where
system, __________. __________.
A. the sooner treatment must be begun A. the jeep had been left
B. sooner must begin treatment B. had been leave the jeep
C. begin treatment as soon as possible C. had the jeep been left
D. must begin treatment sooner D. had the jeep left

12. A congressional committee has been appointed 19. The manager was angry because somebody
to study a new procedure __________ to _________.
eliminate some costly expenditures.
A. had allowed the photographers to enter the
building
B. had let the photographers to enter the building
C. permitting the photographers enter the building
D. the photographers let into the building
20. The committee members resented __________
of the meeting.
A. the president that he did not tell them
B. the president not to inform them
C. the president’s not informing them
D. that the president had failed informing
themselves
21. __________ did Arthur realize that there was
danger.
A. Upon entering the store
B. When he entered the store
C. After he had entered the store
D. Only after entering the store
C. as soon as D. and
27. As a result of the additional rain with so much
flooding already having occurred, residents
were seeking shelter __________ than in
previous years.
A. in more numbers
B. more numerously
C. greater in numbers
D. in greater numbers
28. The company president wrote an e-mail and
planned to send __________ as soon as the vote
was complete.
A. to all directors the message
B. the message by all directors
C. message to all directors
D. the message to all directors
29. As the result of Diane’s illness and the effects of

22. The company sustained an angry reaction from the medication, __________ to curtail her work
its employees after announcing how__________ and public speaking activities.
A. has B. had
to reduce operating costs. C. she has had D. she will had
A. it planned B. planned
C. did it plan D. was planned 30. __________ did Arthur realize that there was
danger.
23. The gymnasium facilities of this public school A. Upon entering the store
are __________ those of the finest private B. When he entered the store
school in the county. C. After he had entered the store
A. second after B. second only to D. Only after entering the store
C. first except for D. second place from
31. Hardly __________ the office when he realized
24. The more the horse tried to free itself from the that he had forgotten his wallet.
restraint, __________. A. he had entered
A. the tighter it became B. had entered
B. it became tighter C. entered
C. the horse could not escape D. had he entered
D. it was unable to move
32. Once the employees had begun receiving
25. __________, that runner is likely to be the first financial information on the company,
one chosen. __________ income.
A. Due to her agility and speed A. they diligently assisted in reducing costs and
B. Because of she is agile and fast increasing
C. Because agile and rapid B. it made the employees more eager to assist in
D. Because her agility and speed reduce costs and increase
C. diligently they assist to reduce costs and increase
26. It was not until the students were seated D. with extreme diligence helped lower costs and
__________ the proctor realized he had increase
the wrong test booklets.
A. that B. when
33. The plumber attempted to loosen the nut with
regular pliers but then decided he needed to
retrieve his toolbox in order to use __________.
A. another pliers
B. others pliers
C. the others ones
D. another pair
34. The committee has met and __________.
A. have approve the budget
B. budget was approved
C. its approval of the budget
D. approved the budget
Structure
1. Clinical psychologist Dr. Carl Rogers found that
80 _____ percent verbal communication involved
five types of responses: evaluative, interpretive,
supportive, probing, and understanding.
(A) all
(B) is the
(C) with
(D) of all
2. The early feminist leader Susan B. Anthony
became increasingly aware through her work in the
temperance movement ______ the same rights as
men.
(A) women were not granted that
(B) that women were not granted
(C) not granted women that were
(D) that were not granted women
3. DNA, _____, is found in the cell nucleus
in the form of very long and thin
molecules consisting of two spiral strands.
(A) inherits material
(B) is inheritance material
(C) material is inherited
(D) the material of inheritance
4. ______ plants, which manufacture their
own food, animals obtain nourishment by
acquiring and ingesting their food.
(A) Unlike
(B) Different
(C) Whereas
(D) As much
5. The Hawaiian alphabet, introduced by
missionaries in the 1820's, _____ and only seven
consonants.
(A) the five vowels consist of
(B) consisting of five vowels
(C) that consists of five vowels
(D) consists of five vowels
6. Working like a telescope, _____ the size
of objects at great distances.
(A) which magnifies a telephoto lens
(B) a telephoto lens magnifies
(C) a telephoto lens which magnifies
(D) and magnifying a telephoto lens
7. Volcanoes are divided into three main
groups, based on their shape and the
type of material they______.
(A) are made
(B) made of
(C) are made of
(D) made for
8. _____ to inanimate objects, such as
machines, is a form of animism.
(A) When attributing emotion
(B) Attributing emotion
(C) Emotion is attributed
(D) If emotion is attributed
9. ______, dolphins have no sense of smell.
(A) As known as far
(B) Known thus far as
(C) It is known as far
(D) As far as is known
10. The growth of psychobiology owes _____ to
major conceptual advances in the way people think
about the brain.
(A) much
(B) as much as
(C) much which
(D) there is so much
11. In 1938 Pearl S. Buck became the first
American woman ______ the Nobel Prize for
Literature.
(A) receive
(B) received
(C) to receive
(D) she received

12. Now considered an art form, quilt making

originated as a means of fashioning bed covers from 1. In 1879, _____, Alice Freeman Palmer became
bits of fabric that otherwise ______. head of the history department at Wellesley
(A) not use College.
(B) were no use (A) twenty-four years
(C) had no use (B) at the age of twenty-four
(D) it was not used (C) age twenty-four
(D) of twenty-four years

13. The early years of the United States government 2. United States spends more money on advertising
were characterized by a debate concerning _____ or _____ country in the world.
individual states should have more power. (A) other
(A) whether the federal government (B) other than
(B) either the federal government (C) than any other
(C) that the federal government (D) while other
(D) the federal government
3. Penicillin, probably _____, came into
14. Beneath the streets of a modem city _____ of widespread use after the Second World War.
walls, columns, cables, pipes, and tunnels required (A) an antibiotic of known
to satisfy the needs of its inhabitants. (B) was known the antibiotic
(A) where exists the network (C) the best-known antibiotic
(B) the existing network (D) known best antibiotic
(C) the network's existence
(D) exists the network 4. Although Emily Dickinson is now a well-known
American poet, only seven of her poems _____
15. The province of Newfoundland has _____ than while she was alive.
any other region of North America in which the first (A) publishing
language is English. (B) to publish
(A) its longer history (C) have published
(B) a longer history (D) were published
(C) the longer the history
(D) the history is longer 5. Thomas Jefferson served as president of the
American Philosophical Society, an organization
that encouraged of scientific and intellectual
research.
(A) ranging wide
(B) a wide range
(C) which ranged widely
(D) a widely ranging

6. Part of the Great Plains, Kansas is

famous for ____ fields of wheat.
(A) its seemingly endless
(B) it seems endless in two buildings,_____ was designed by the
(C) it is seemingly endless internationally renowned architect, Frank Lloyd
(D) it is endless it seems Wright.
(A) which
(B) which one
(C) that which
(D) one of which

7. Skimming along the surface of the ocean or

rising from its depths like delicate balloons, _____
to their aquatic habitat.
(A) the perfect adaptation of jellyfish
(B) jellyfish are perfectly adapted
(C) jellyfish are adapted to perfectly
(D) and the adaption is perfect for jellyfish
8. The sidereal day is the period _____ the Earth
completes one rotation on its axis.
(A) when does it
(B) while it
(C) during which
(D) in that
9. _____ rainfall in the desert is low, it is one of the
most important climatic factors in the formation of
desert erosion features.
(A) Although
(B) Why
(C) Despite
(D) Due to
10. A strong swimmer, _____.
(A) that fish and seal are eaten chiefly by the polar
bear
(B) the polar bear eats chiefly fish and seal
(C) the polar bear eating chiefly fish and seal
(D) eating fish and seal chiefly by the polar bear
13. _____ stem from the everyday life of common
people, the most popular themes are love, jealousy,
revenge, disaster, and adventure.
(A) Because folk ballads
(B) There are folk ballads
(C) With folk ballads
(D) Folk ballads to
14. _____ around us gives us vital information
about our environment.
(A) The sounds are heard
(B) That the hearing of sounds
(C) Hearing the sounds
(D) Whatever the sounds are heard
15. Located in Boston, _____ in the United
States was founded in 1852.
(A) the first public library was free
(B) the first free public library
(C) was the first free public library
(D) where the first free public library was

11. Helicopters can rise or descend vertically,

hover, and move forward, backward,____.
(A) they move laterally
(B) and are lateral
(C) or lateral motion
(D) or laterally

12. The Dallas Theater Center presents plays

1. ______ is helping to break new ground in drug
research.
(A) Computers are being used more if 7. Trilobites, a group of spineless animals,
(B) The increasing use of the computer flourished in the oceans for several hundred million
(C) If an increase in the use of the years ______ some 200 million years ago.
computer (A) until they became extinct
(D) Computers are being used more (B) and their extinction
(C) that were extinct
2. An elephant ______ vigorously when it is (D) because their extinction
overheated.
(A) flapping its ears 8. Recent engineering developments have made
(B) its ears flap ______ to recycle plastic soda bottles into polyester
(C) flaps its ears fabric.
(D) ears flap it (A) possible, and
(B) it is possible
3. Broadway musical comedy has been called (C) the possible
______ of the United States to modern theater. (D) it possible
(A) the major contribution that
(B) what is the major contribution 9. ______, bottle-nosed dolphins become talented
(C) the major contribution performers at many aquariums.
(D) to the major contribution (A) When to train
(B) Are training
4. ______ in 1968 as a nonprofit agency to finance (C) When trained
the growth of noncommercial radio and television in (D) To train them
the United States.
(A) The Corporation for Public Broadcasting 10. The art of the 1970's was characterized by
established diversity and by the independence of artists ______
(B) The Corporation for Public Broadcasting main affinities were more often sociopolitical than
was established stylistic.
(C) When the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (A) whose
was established (B) that
(D) Even though the Corporation for Public (C) they have
Broadcasting was established (D) of which

5. Cold temperatures; short growing seasons, and 11. Flower oils are ______ of the ingredients used
heavy snows prevent ______ at high elevations. in making perfume.
(A) grow trees (A) among expensive
(B) the growth of trees (B) among the most expensive
(C) trees are growing (C) being most expensive
(D) and growth of trees (D) expensive

6. Usually, the more skilled an athlete ______ the 12. A quilt that looks ordinary ______ may become
more effortless the athlete's movements appear to a work of abstract art when it is hung on a white
be. wall.
(A) what is (A) lying on a bed
(B) that is (B) lies on a bed
(C) that it is (C) to be lying on a bed
(D) is (D) to lie on a bed
13. ______, the hummingbird gets its name from
the sound that its wings make during flight.
(A) Has a brilliant color
(B) The brilliant color
(C) Which is brilliantly colored
(D) Brilliantly colored

14. Except for the Sun, all stars are too far from the
Earth for their distances ______ in miles or
kilometers.
(A) to be conveniently measured
(B) which conveniently measured
(C) to measure conveniently
(D) conveniently measured

15. Many technological innovations, such as the

telephone, ______ the result of sudden bursts of
inspiration in fact were preceded by many
inconclusive efforts.
(A) whose appearance
(B) that appear to be
(C) and appear to be
(D) are appearing