Unit 7:

 precious stones handmade jewelry

 luxury clothing
 luxury clothing
 precious metals

1. Diamonds and rubies are precious stones. Both are very expensive.
2. Janet often wears silk blouses. She really likes luxury clothing.
3. The earrings had pieces of precious metals: gold and silver.
4. The necklaces are wire and thread. They are beautiful handmade jewelry.
5. Brandon likes silk ties. He spends a lot of money on luxury clothing.

 by the class president  the police officer

 by over 200 students  the graduation speech

 the angry dog  the angry dog

6. The police officer was bitten by the angry dog.

7. The angry dog bit the police officer.
8. The police officer caught the angry dog.
9. The class president gave the graduation speech.
10. The graduation speech was given by the class president.
11. The graduation speech was heard by over 200 students.

Complete the sentences using the passive voice. Type the correct words into each
sentence. Complete all items.

12. Victor painted the house. The house was painted by Victor.
13. Alex read the graduation speech. The graduation speech was read by Alex.
14. The queen bought white diamonds. White diamonds were bought by the queen.
15. The students helped the senior citizens. The senior citizens were helped by the
students.
16. Rich women often wear silk dresses. Silk dresses are often worn by rich women.
17. The puppy was lost (lose) for a week, but someone found it yesterday.
18. It was so cold outside that my fingers were nearly frozen (freeze).
19. The house was built (build) in just a month. That was really fast.
20. The package was sent(send) last week. You haven't received it yet?
21. The puppy was lost(lose) for a week, but someone found it yesterday.
22. The jewelry was put (put) in a safe place. We didn't show it to anyone.
23. We weren't given(give) any answers. We really don't know what happened.

 the best chef in town

 the owner and a few painters

 his boss
 my English teacher
 two experienced pilots
 a rich and famous actress
 the captain of the boat
 our travel agent
 before his bedtime
 early this morning
 by a runner from Mexico

24. The opals were worn by a rich and famous actress.

25. A delicious meal was prepared by the best chef in town.
26. Andy was promoted to manager by his boss, Mr. Johnson.
27. The house was painted by the owner and a few painters.
28. The large airplane was flown by two experienced pilots.
29. The tour of the French capital was organized by our travel agent.
30. The dog was walked early this morning.
31. Their tests were graded yesterday by the science teacher.
32. The marathon was won by a runner from Mexico.
33. Tim's homework is always done before his bedtime.

 was flooded  was driven

 two teenagers  our gardener

 the English class  the river

 a restaurant waiter  was poured

 were planted  was read

34. The car was driven by two teenagers. The boys didn’t really know how to drive.
35. The town was flooded by the river. Heavy rainfall was the cause of the disaster.
36. Those white roses were planted by our gardener. She knows how to choose
flowers.
37. That novel was read by the English class. The students have to study it every year.
38. The tea was poured into tiny cups. It was served by a restaurant waiter.
 Where Does Silk Come From?

It’s hard to believe—but a beautiful silk dress comes from thousands of tiny worms!
Silk, one of the world’s greatest luxuries, is made by insects called silkworms. It takes
about 5,500 silkworms to make 2.2 pounds (1 kilogram) of silk. The process was
discovered by the Chinese about 5,000 years ago. How is silk made? The process
starts with the eggs of a certain kind of insect. The eggs are collected and kept warm.
After a few days, the silkworms come out of the eggs. They are fed leaves from
mulberry trees every 30 minutes, all night and all day. The sound of thousands of
silkworms eating sounds like rain falling! The room is kept warm, and the silkworms
must not be disturbed by loud noises or bad smells. After a month, they start to make a
cocoon that looks like a fluffy white ball. After four days, the cocoon is ready. The
cocoons are heated, and the silkworms are killed inside them. Then the cocoons are
put into water to make the silk loose. The silk from three or four cocoons is put
together and made into a thread. One cocoon can make a thread 0.6 miles (1
kilometer) long! Finally, the silk threads are woven to make cloth, and the cloth is
used for things like dresses, scarves, and neckties. Today, silk is produced in many
countries, including India and Thailand, but more than 80 percent of the world’s silk
comes from China. Every year, enough silk thread is produced to go from the Earth to
the sun 300 times. People love silk clothes because they are beautiful and comfortable
—silk feels cool in warm weather and warm in cool weather. Now you know why silk
is so expensive!

 Which of the following statements is true?

A. Over 6,000 worms are needed to make a kilogram of silk.
B. 3 pounds of silk is the same amount as 1 kilogram of silk.
C. The Chinese learned how to make silk more than 4,000 years ago.
 Silk is  __________.
A. an expensive item
B. made from different types of insects
C. a beautiful dress or shirt
 Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Silkworms are insects.
B. Silkworms eat mulberry trees.
C. Silkworms make noise as they eat.
 What threatens or disturbs silkworms?
A. loud noises
B. warm temperatures
C. water or rainfall
 Most of the world's silk come from which country?
A. China
B. India
C. Thailand
 Unit 8

 habitat  hunt  predators

 species  protect  wild

 extinct  prey

1. Polar bears are just one of several species of bear.

2. The ice and water of the Arctic Circle is a polar bear's natural habitat.
3. Polar bears usually hunt for seals during the day.
4. We must protect polar bears because their numbers are small.
5. Most black bears are wild and do not live in zoos.
6. Black bears hunt other animals so they are predators.
7. Both small and large animals are a black bear's prey.
8. There are many black bears today so they are not extinct.

 it is going to eat  she's going to see

 I will be  the predators will hunt

 you won't see  the animals will become

 you'll learn

9. If she works at a zoo, she's going to see some endangered species.

10. If a brown bear finds vulnerable prey, it is going to eat it.
11. If you read about wolves, you'll learn many interesting things.
12. If I see a wild black bear in the woods, I will be afraid.
13. If you go to the Arctic Circle, you won't see any emperor penguins.
14. If we don't protect their habitats, the animals will become extinct.

 These animals will sleep during the
day
 if you leave them alone
 We won't go camping in that park
 it will eat small fish and seals
 If the ice melts
 the elephants will not have a home

15. Snakes usually won't hurt you if you leave them alone.
16. If the city zoo closes, the elephants will not have a home.
17. We won't go camping in that park if there are wild animals there.
18. If the ice melts, the polar bears' habitat will shrink.
19. These animals will sleep during the day if they hunt for food all night.
20. An animal __________ happier in the wild if it __________ enough to eat.
A. will be | has
B. is | will have
C. will be | won’t have
D. isn't | has
21. If something ___________ heavy, elephants __________ their trunks to pick it up.
A. will be | will use
B. is going to be | will use
C. is | will use
D. won't be | won’t use
22. The black rhino __________ in danger if we __________ them.
A. won't be | are going to protect
B. is going to be | are not going to protect
C. will be | protect
D. won't be | protect
23. If it __________ to warn other lions, a lion __________.
A. will want | will roar
B. wants | will roar
C. won't want | won’t roar
D. is not going to want | will roar
24. If you __________ from a bear, it __________ you.
A. are going to run | chases
B. are not going to run | is going to chase
C. won't run | won’t chase
D. run | will chase
25. These bluefin tuna __________ very fast if they __________ in danger.
A. will swim | are
B. are going to swim | won't be
C. swim | are going to be
D. won't swim | will not be
26. Elephants drink a lot of water.
A. count
 B. non-count
27. Can a monkey eat too many bananas?
A. count
B. non-count
28. The birds are eating bread.
A. count
B. non-count
29. The lions don't like too much sun.
A. count
B. non-count
30. Some animals eat a lot of meat.
A. count
B. non-count
31. Some cheese comes from goats.
A. count
B. non-count
32. Too few rhinos are protected from poachers.
A. count
B. non-count
33. Some people don't eat enough vegetables.
A. count
B. non-count

1. The Arctic Circle is a very beautiful (beautiful / beautifully) place.

2. Cheetahs hunt quietly (quiet / quietly) to surprise their prey.
3. A polar bear can swim very well(well / bad).
4. A lion's loud (loud / loudly) roar can be heard from many miles away.
5. Penguins walk slowly on land, but move fast (fast / quick) in water.
6. Bluefin tuna can easily(easy / easily) swim more than 60 miles per hour.
7. We were happy (happy / happily) after we saw monkeys at the zoo.
8. The skin of both frogs and snails is soft (soft / softly) and wet.
9. If an elephant is angry (angry / angrily), it will usually roar.
10. I carefully(careful / carefully) walked away from the sleeping bear.

 a few  many

 Most  a lot

 a lot of  too many

  a few  too much

11. Most people think that butterflies are very beautiful. Others think snails
are beautiful.
12. Snails are prey for a lot of predators. They include cats, snakes, birds
and humans.
13. Snails have a few different habitats. They live in both hot and cold
climates.
14. People think that snails have many feet. In fact they only have one big
foot.
15. There are almost too many birds to count. There are more than 10,000
different species of birds in the world.
16. Most birds just lay just a few eggs at a time. Usually this number is
between five and ten.
17. Birds have a lot of feathers. A small bird may have over 1,000 feathers.
18. If a bird eats too much food, it won't fly well. They have very small
stomachs.
A beautiful baby penguin is very hungry. It cries out loudly to its mother for
food. She will carefully feed her chick some fish that she has already chewed. The
mother wants her baby to eat well so that it will become big and strong. This is
important for it to survive. Penguins have too many predators. Although they may
walk slowly on land, they need to move very fast in the water. Penguins are prey to
best swimmers in the ocean—sharks, whales, and seals!
Elephants or People?
“Last night, there were 20 elephants on my farm,” says one man in Kenya. “We
shouted and threw things to send them away, but they broke the fences and ate all my
crops. What can I do?” Elephants are fascinating animals, but they cause serious
problems for the farmers near Mount Kenya National Park. The animals often leave
the park and go into the farms outside it. There, they eat crops like corn and wheat and
destroy houses. In one night, a family can lose all their crops—and their money for the
year. Farmers have been hurt and even killed when they try to chase the elephants
away. “The problem began when more people came to Mount Kenya and started new
farms,” a government official explains. “The land was used by elephants in the past.
At some times of the year, elephants go from one part of the area to another. They
remember their old routes, and they walk through anything that’s there—like a farm
field or even a house. They also drink the water that is for the farm animals.” Farmers
and their children used to sleep in their fields every night. If elephants came, they built
fires or played drums loudly to scare them away. But the next day, the farmers were
too tired to do their work. They spent most of their time and energy trying to keep
 elephants away from their fields. Then, a local organization found a better solution for
this problem. They built electric fences to keep the elephants out. The electricity for
the fences comes from the sun. The farmers have more time for their work, and
children can go back to school. However, these fences are expensive to build, and the
farmers must repair them often. Now the government of Kenya has a new idea. It
wants the people around the park to start businesses for tourists. People around the
world love elephants, and many tourists want to see elephants close up. The
government hopes that this way, people and elephants will live together happily.
 What do the elephants do on the farms?
A. destroy fences
B. eat valuable crops
C. build new nests
D. attack farm animals
 Which of the statements are true?
A. Many farms are inside Mount Kenya National Park.
B. Elephants sometimes eat wheat and corn.
C. Farmers may kill elephants to protect their crops.
D. Farming crops can be worth a year's salary.
 Which statement is NOT true?
A. Elephants always remember their old routes.
B. Elephants were brought in to help build farms.
C. Elephants take baths and dirty the drinking water.
D. A group of elephants can easily destroy a house.
 To protect their homes and land farmers __________.
A. sleep outside
B. play drums
C. burn the fields
D. poison the water
 What are the problems with using electric fences?
A. the high cost
B. they don't work
C. frequent repairs
D. there is little sun
Unit 9

 inspired
 ships
 published
 distant
 search
 despite
 trade
 remarkable
 exchange
 beyond

1. Lots of people came to search for gold and silver.

2. The sailors safely crossed the sea despite bad storms.
3. The tribe lives in a distant region of the country.
4. Marco Polo published stories about his travels.
5. The explorers arrived on two different ships.
6. His adventures inspired me to travel around the world.
7. My travels took me beyond the border of my own country.
8. Ecuador is a small but remarkable country in South America.
9. We can exchange information with them over the Internet.
10. International trade is important for the economy of most countries.

 used to live  used to

 didn't use to  didn't use

 used to  didn't use to

11. He used to play soccer, but he had an accident and hurt his knee.
12. The walls didn't use to be pink, but were painted in a darker color.
13. I didn't use to like Spanish, but I like the studying the language now.
14. The Millers used to live in New York, but now they live in Texas.
15. They didn't use to take the bus, but always came to work by subway.
16. She used to visit often, but stopped when her car broke down.

 Did you use to take music lessons
 He used to be overweight
 People used to travel by horse
 They didn't used to go to the
beach.
 I didn't use to like her
 People didn't use to shop here

17. People used to travel by horse. Now they use cars.

18. I didn't use to like her. Now she's my best friend.
19. Did you use to take music lessons? You play the piano well.
20. People didn't use to shop here. Now we have a lot of customers.
21. He used to be overweight. He diets and exercises every day now.
 1. I / swim / every / afternoon. I used to swim every afternoon.
2. The dog / not / bite. The dog didn't use to bite.
3. She / have / long / hair. She used to have long hair.
4. Kim / not / call / us. Kim didn't use to call us.
5. You / not / study. You didn't use to study.

 turn on  helps out

 figure out  bring up
 put on  bring back

1. Sam sometimes helps out his grandmother with her garden.

2. I couldn't figure out what foreign language they were speaking.
3. They will try to bring back all the reindeer that escaped last night.
4. We decided to bring up our children to be polite and respect others.
5. It was very cold outside, so I decided to put on my warm winter coat.

 was cleared  bought

 helped  was done
 was enjoyed

6. The teenagers helped the elderly man cross the street.

7. The snow on the streets was cleared early this morning.
8. The new adventure film was enjoyed by families with children.
9. The visiting Canadian tourists bought local souvenirs.
10. All the cleaning was done before I came home from work.

 by the life of a young Native  as soon as it got cold

American
 using reindeer skins and branches
 by my grandparents
 until there were very few left

11. A nice big fire was started as soon as it got cold.

12. Reindeer were hunted until there were very few left.
13. I was taught the Sami language by my grandparents.
14. All of their tents were built using reindeer skins and branches.
15. The film was inspired by the life of a young Native American.
16. I think all the soda was drunk (drink) in only a few minutes.
17. The English exam was given (give) at 9 o’clock in the morning.
18. The new books were sent (send) to us over a month ago.
19. We were taught (teach) how to speak Russian by the other kids.
20. The car was sold (sell) to the person who offered the most money.
Living History at Jamestown Settlement
A woman in Native American clothes is sitting in the sun, sewing a dress from
animal skin. Inside a building, a colonist is making a wooden chair, using very simple
tools. And all around, tourists are taking pictures with their cameras and phones. This
is Jamestown Settlement today. Jamestown, Virginia, was one of the first places in the
world where people from Europe, America, and Africa came together, in 1608. Today,
it’s a living history museum where children and adults come to experience history. In
a living history museum, actors wear clothes from the past and demonstrate many of
the activities of daily life back then. The actors also talk to the visitors and explain
everything they do. At a living history museum, there are always many things to
touch, hear, and smell. Visitors at Jamestown Settlement can walk through copies of
the three small sailing ships that carried colonists to Virginia and even lie down in a
colonist’s bed! The colonists stayed on the crowded, dangerous ships for more than
four months. When they got to Virginia, they built a fort, an area of houses with a high
wall around it. In today’s fort, you can see houses, a church, and even a garden with
foods that the colonists ate. Women in long dresses work inside their homes, and
visitors can help them with their sewing and cooking. There is also a Native American
Village at Jamestown Settlement, and it looks very different from the fort. It shows
how the Native Americans lived in long houses and grew corn and other crops in large
fields. Actors there make pottery and teach visitors how to play Native American
games. You can even help them make a Native American boat from a tree! Today, the
living history museum of Jamestown is very popular, especially with children and
families. People go there to have fun, but also to learn. Many school classes visit to
experience old ways of getting things done. A living history museum is the best way
to understand how people lived in the past.
 What can tourists NOT see at the settlement today?
A. the original sailing ships
B. a few tools from the past
C. some antique furniture
 The first people in Jamestown came from what world regions?
A. Europe, America, and Africa
B. Africa, Australia, and Asia
C. Africa, Europe, and Asia
 What do actors in the living history museum do?
A. show Virginia fashions of today
B. cook meals from around the world
C. teach tourists about colonial history
 How long did it take the colonists to arrive to America?
A. about 4 months
B. close to a year
C. a couple of months
 Which statement about the Native Americans is NOT true?
 A. They planted corn in fields.
B. They built churches in forts.
C. They made boats from trees.
Unit 7-9

 disrupt  crashed
 pride  condone
 revenue stream

1. Lions usually live in a large group or pride.

2. They had to close the zoo because its revenue stream was stopped.
3. Do you condone hunting? I personally do not agree with it at all.
4. The cage crashed to the ground. Their pet birds escaped into the sky.
5. When we observe animals in the wild, we should try not to disrupt their activities.

 long  by my father

 used to  were written

 are walked  walk the dogs

6. Every morning the dogs are walked by my mother. If we don’t walk the dogs, they
won’t get enough exercise. The grass is usually cut by my father on the weekends.
The grass will grow very long if he doesn’t cut it. I used to do it, but now I prefer
to clean the house. All of our duties were written neatly on a schedule.

Unit 10

 reservations  visas
 ticket  vaccinations
 sightseeing  itinerary
 travel agent

1. We made vacation plans with the help of a travel agent.

2. We will need passports and visas to enter the country.
3. They got vaccinations from their doctor before traveling.
4. I don't plan on doing any sightseeing on my vacation.
5. It's better to buy a ticket before the day you are traveling.
Type must or have to to complete each sentence. Complete all items.
1. Our flight is at 2 p.m. We will have to rush to the airport.
2. All passengers must have their luggage checked by security.
3. You must stop at all stop signs. It's the law.
4. We have to watch that movie. Everyone says it's really good.
5. Do you have to play your music so loud? It's giving me a headache.
6. You don't need to (need to / don't need to) study today. The test isn't tomorrow.
7. You must(must / don't have to) have good manners at the dinner table.
8. You have to(have to / don't need to) train to be a marathon runner.
9. I don't have to (don't have to / need to) babysit tonight. His parents are not going
out.
10. I must(don't need to / must) pass the test before I can drive a car.
 I __________ get a new car. Mine has broken down twice this week.
A. have got to
B. must
C. don't have to
D. don't need to
 She __________ come if she’s busy. I know Sue has two jobs.
A. doesn't have to
B. must
C. has got to
D. doesn't need to
 You will __________ be at work at 9:00. Our boss likes employees to be on
time.
A. have got to
B. need to
C. have to
D. must
 They __________ be on time today. Our boss is away and won’t know.
A. don't have to
B. must
C. has to
D. don't need to
 I __________ keep this secret. I promised Mark not to tell anyone.
A. doesn't need to
B. don't have to
C. have got to
D. need to
  security check  check-in counter
 carry-on bag  arrivals
 baggage claim  departures
 boarding pass  airline agent

1. My carry-on bag is small. There is only room for my laptop and a book.
2. The airline agent gave me information about where to find my gate.
3. Your seat number is here on your boarding pass. It's 11A. You have a window
seat.
4. I waited at baggage claim for my luggage to come out. Then I left the airport
terminal.
5. The officer looked through all my bags at the security check.

 can't miss  can't bring

 doesn't have to be  don't have to wear

 must not drive

6. She can't bring a camera to the movies.

7. You don't have to wear a dress to the party.
8. They must not drive a car without a license.
9. You can't miss your doctor's appointment again.
10. He doesn't have to be young to study at a university.
Type can't, don't have to, or must not to complete each sentence
1. You don't have to go sightseeing on vacation.
2. You can't go in the water if the beach is closed.
3. You don't have to eat a big lunch at noon.
4. You must not drive faster than the speed limit.
5. You can't get a passport without proper identification.
6. You must not(must not / don’t have to) forget to wear shoes on the airplane.
7. They don't have to(don’t have to / can’t) study tonight. There’s no test.
8. We must not(must not / don’t have to) talk too loudly. This is a library.
9. You don't have to(must not / don’t have to) call me. I can call you.
10. She can't (doesn’t have to / can’t) eat in here. This isn’t a restaurant.
Letters to the Editor
Today’s topic: Should the city build a new tourist information center?
1. The government must not spend money for useless things like a tourist information
center. This city already has too many tourists. The streets are full of taxis and tour buses,
and I have to stand up on the subway every day when I go to work. The beaches are
always crowded. When I try to go shopping in my neighborhood supermarket, it’s full of
foreigners, and I have to wait in long lines. A city is for its residents, not for tourists. If
visitors want information, they can buy a guidebook! —Carlo H. Lesson D Reading and
writi ng
2. We should do more to help the tourists who come here. A lot of them are foreigners
who don’t speak our language, and they often have problems during their vacation.
Tourists bring in a lot of money and give jobs to people in hotels, restaurants, and all kinds
of shops. They also make our city a more interesting place. You can hear ten different
languages when you walk down the street and meet people from around the world.
Tourists bring a lot of good things to our city. —Melissa Y.
3. We need to think about the kind of tourism we want to develop. We don’t want people
who will just go to the beach for a party and then leave their garbage there when they go
home. We’re famous for our beaches, and that’s why most people come here. But we also
have wonderful museums and places for sightseeing. Too many visitors just go to the
beach and don’t learn anything about our country and our culture. We have to do more to
help them enjoy their time here. —Lee F.

Who believes an information center is a good idea?

A. Carlo and Melissa

B. Melissa and Lee
C. Lee and Carlo
Who believes that tourism creates jobs?

A. Carlo
B. Lee
C. Melissa
 Who thinks that a guidebook is a better idea?
A. Carlo
B. Melissa
C. Lee
 Who thinks that people come to the city for its beaches?
A. Carlo and Lee
B. Melissa and Lee
C. Melissa and Carlo
 Who believes that the city has great museums?
A. Carlo
B. Melissa
C. Lee

Unit 11

 training  volunteer
 qualifications  owner
 experience

1. My boss will hire the person with the best qualifications.

2. The Owner of the company makes the rules.
3. Helen, the head assistant, has the most Experience at the company.
4. I am a Volunteer at the hospital three days a week.
5. My company is providing training to all the employees.
Complete each sentence with should or shouldn't. Type the correct words into each
sentence. Complete all items.
1. Maybe you should try a different size. That dress looks too small.
2. You shouldn't miss class tomorrow. We're going to review for next week's test.
3. I think Jason should go to college. With a college degree it will be easier for him to
find a job.
4. Perhaps you shouldn't send this email. There are a few spelling errors.
5. Angela shouldn't go on vacation. We're busy and need all the employees here.
Complete each sentence with had better or had better not. Type the correct form in each
sentence. Complete all items.
1. You had better not forget to set the alarm clock. We have an early flight tomorrow
morning.
2. I had better close all the windows. I hear thunder, so there's probably going to be
rainstorm.
3. She says I ought to study the verbs. I had better take her advice if I want to pass
the test.
4. They had better not make any noise. I've warned them that I'll be taking a nap.
5. You had better not dive into the swimming pool. The water isn't very deep.

 terrifying  surprised

 boring  pleased

 satisfying

6. The emergency landing was terrifying. We thought that the plane was going to
crash.
7. Michael was surprised when he opened the door. He saw all his friends and a huge
birthday cake.
8. I thought the movie was boring and left before the end. Everyone else probably fell
asleep.
9. Despite the price, the restaurant meal was very satisfying. I can hardly wait to go
back there.
 10. Jenna's parents were very pleased when she graduated from college. They had
biggest smiles.

 Everyone  nothing
 Somebody  Everything
 No one

1. There's nothing in the refrigerator. Are you sure you went grocery shopping?
2. Everyone at dinner loved my spaghetti and wanted the recipe.
3. Somebody is knocking at the back door. I wonder who it could be?
4. Everything you need to know is on their website. Just click "information."
5. No one went to see that movie. The theater was completely empty.

 somebody  everybody

 something  anyone

 anything

6. I think somebody should help us. We've been waiting in line for more than an
hour.
7. We didn't see anyone over the weekend. We were busy cleaning the house.
8. She said she didn't have anything to give to me.
9. The whole class passed the test. It seems that everybody studied really hard.
10. I need something to make me feel better. My head has been hurting all day.
11. I was wondering if you’d like anything (anything / nothing) to eat. I have some
chicken
12. Can somebody (somebody / no one) give me a hand? This box is too heavy for me
to lift.
13. We were looking for something (something / nothing) good to watch on TV last
night.
14. (Somebody /Nobody) Nobody wants to work in a fast food restaurant. The pay is
very little.
15. Can (everything / everyone) everyone come to the meeting at 10:00? We can
choose another time if not.
Dream Jobs: Mona Davis Lesson
Mona Davis is sitting in a dark theater, eating a chocolate bar, and laughing very
loudly at the movie. After a few minutes, she takes out a notebook and writes a few
words in the dark. For her, it’s just a normal day at work. Mona is the movie critic for
Tonight Magazine. Every week, she writes about all the new movies and gives them
ratings from **** (excellent) to * (awful). She sees at least two movies every day, even
 though she doesn’t write about everything she sees. “I only write reviews of the most
important movies—good or bad!” It’s a dream job, but Mona needed special
qualifications to get it. She studied filmmaking in college and made short movies for her
classes. “I’ve always loved watching movies,” she says. “And it’s fun to see a new
movie before anyone has seen it.” Mona works hard. Some days, she sees three or even
four movies in a row—starting in the afternoon and finishing at midnight. It’s not
always easy to stay awake for the last movie. “Sometimes I need a big cup of coffee
during the evening,” she says. She makes notes about each movie immediately after she
sees it. Then, the next day, she writes her reviews in the afternoon— before going to see
more movies! The job does have a negative side, too. She often gets e-mails from
people if they don’t agree with her opinions. “Last week,” she says, “a woman sent me a
very angry ten-page letter because I said her favorite actor’s new movie was awful.” But
Mona really enjoys her job. She says, “I’m happy when I can get more attention for
movies made by young actors and filmmakers. Sometimes I can really help their
careers. And it’s great that so many people read my reviews every week in Tonight. I’m
not famous, but millions of people enjoy my work!”
 Which of the following might be part of Mona's workday?
A. eating sweets in a dark theater
B. going to the movies with friends
C. writing funny stories in her notebook
 Which of the statements about a movie critic is NOT true?
A. Movie critics usually watch one film per day.
B. Movie critics often rate old and new films.
C. Movie critics may put their reviews in magazines.
 What did Mona have to study to get her job?
A. journalism
B. acting
C. cinema
 What is a challenge in Mona's job?
A. writing long movie reviews
B. staying awake until late
C. answering people's emails
 What is one of Mona's goals in her job?
A. be rich and famous
B. become a great writer
C. help new actors

Unit 12

 exciting  crowd
 celebrate  participated
 takes place  well-known
1. My brothers and I participated in the annual music festival.
2. Many cultures celebrate birthdays in different ways.
3. Valentine's Day is now a well-known international holiday.
4. Midsummer takes place between June 21 and June 25.
5. A crowd gathered to watch the dancers in their colorful costumes.

 as quiet as  as delicious as

 as fast as  as beautiful as

 as hard as

6. Classical music is as beautiful as jazz music.

7. The bus is as fast as the subway.
8. Chicken is as delicious as the turkey.
9. The baby was as quiet as a mouse.
10. This pillow is as hard as a rock.

 motorcycle  hiking

 French  history test

 polar bear  me

 China

11. My brother is not as tall as me.

12. A car is not as cheap as a motorcycle.
13. English is not as difficult as French.
14. A penguin is not as dangerous as a polar bear.
15. Sweden is not as big as China.
16. Margaret is not as smart as her sister. (not | smart)
17. Our employees are as happy as their employees. (happy)
18. That cake is not as sweet as this pie. (not | sweet)
19. The movie was as exciting as your concert. (exciting)
20. The grammar test was not as hard as the vocabulary test. (not | hard)
 Which expression celebrates the day you were born?
A. Happy Valentine's Day!
B. Happy Birthday!
C. Happy Anniversary
 Which expression celebrates having a baby?
 A. Happy Thanksgiving!
B. Congratulations!
C. Happy New Year!
 Which expression celebrates January 1?
A. Happy New Year!
B. Happy Halloween!
C. Good luck!
 Which expression celebrates the day two people were married?
A. Well done!
B. Happy Anniversary!
C. Thanks for having us!
 Which expression celebrates someone's new job?
A. Congratulations!
B. Happy Anniversary!
C. Happy New Year!

 because I'm busy tomorrow  or pasta tonight

night
 or go to the movies
 when it's warm outside
 because it's cold outside

1. I'd rather not walk to the store because it's cold outside.
2. I'd rather go out tonight because I'm busy tomorrow night.
3. Would you rather go bowling or go to the movies?
4. Would you rather have fish or pasta tonight?
5. I'd rather go hiking in the summer when it's warm outside.

 Would your mother rather live in a warm climate

 Would he rather come to our house?
 Would you rather go away on your vacation
 My sister would rather not take the train to work

1. Would your mother rather live in a warm climate?

R: No, she loves cold weather.
2. Would you rather go away on your vacation?
R: Yeah. I think Mexico would be nice.
3. My sister would rather not take the train to work.
R: There's a cheap bus or an expensive taxi.
4. I'd rather not go to the party.
R: I promise we won't stay very long
5. Would you rather take biology?
R: No, I really don't like anything to do with science
6. Would you rather cook or go out for pizza?
 R: Hmm. Japanese food would be better.
Complete the sentences with the correct form of would rather + verb. Type your
answer into each sentence. Capitalize when necessary. Complete all items.
1. I’d rather eat lunch later in the afternoon. (eat)
2. Would you rather walk the dog or should I? (walk)
3. She would rather not share her answers with the other students. (not / share)
4. We would rather listen to the radio watch TV. (listen)
5. Would he rather not go with us to the beach? (not / rather)
The Oldest Celebration in the World
The summer solstice is the longest day of the year. On that day (around June 21
in the northern half of the world), the sun is the highest in the sky, so the earth gets
the most hours of light. People in many countries celebrate that day in a holiday
called Midsummer. Thousands of years ago, summer was the happiest time of the
year in the northern countries. The snow was gone, the air was warm, the crops were
planted, and food was easier to get. People celebrated Midsummer and did many
things to bring good luck. In many cultures, they built big fires and jumped over
them. They thought that the fire would make the sun’s energy stronger and help the
crops grow faster. In some places, people believed that the crops would grow as high
as people could jump. Women and girls would swim in rivers to bring rain for the
crops. Today, Midsummer is still celebrated in many countries. In towns in Sweden,
people put up a Midsummer Pole made of wood covered with flowers. They dance
around it and sing. Afterwards, they eat fish, new potatoes, and strawberries. That
night, young people pick seven different flowers and put them under their pillow
when they sleep to dream about the person they will marry. In Finland, people go out
to the country and build huge fires to celebrate Midsummer. In the past, people
believed that the fires kept away bad luck and evil spirits—now, they’re a reason to
get together with friends for a big party all night. Because Finland is so far north, the
sky is light most of the night on Midsummer. Many Finnish people start their summer
vacation on that day. In some parts of Spain, people have big parties and fireworks on
the beaches at night to celebrate Midsummer. Some people believe that plant
medicines work best if they are made on Midsummer, so women go out to collect the
plants that night. Some people put the plants in water and then wash their faces with
the water for good health. And, of course, there are special foods: fish, potatoes, and
corn bread.
 Which of the following is NOT the longest day of the year?
A. Midsummer
B. summer solstice
C. August 31st
 What was the significance of lighting fire during summertime?
A. stop rainy weather
B. bring good crops
C. give bad luck
 What do Swedish people NOT do during summer solstice?
A. put flowers under pillows
B. light big, bright fires
C. dance and sing around a pole
 Which statement is NOT true about Finnish Midsummer?
 A. The sun is out at midnight.
B. It's the end of summer vacation.
C. People don't go to bed early.
 What do people eat on Midsummer in Spain?

A. corn bread
B. strawberries
C. flowers

Unit10-12

 reef  impact
 assets  Eden
 depletion  drawn down
 cope  pristine
 resilient  enduring

1. Everyone says that Tahiti is a little Eden. The waters around it are pristine.
2. Our boat was trapped on the reef. We tried to be resilient and not afraid.
3. Those large trees are enduring. The environment has had no impact on them for
hundreds of years.
4. The depletion of the drinking water is caused by drought. The heat has drawn
down the water in the well.
5. The family had no other assets after they lost their home. They had to cope with
being homeless.

 can’t

 would rather

 should

 nobody

 better not

 have got to

Dan: I have got to get to work on time tomorrow. I can’t be late again.
Bob: You’d better not drive. There’s too much traffic anyway.
Dan: But nobody takes the subway in the office. They all have cars.
Bob: Maybe you should carpool and drive in together. It’s a solution.
Dan: Well, that wouldbe as slow as driving myself. I would rather take the subway.