REVIEWER PPC
 Pop Culture involves the aspects of
social life most actively involved in by
the public. It is widely determined by
the interactions between people in
their everyday activities: styles of
dress, the use of slang, greeting
rituals, and the foods that people eat
are all examples of popular culture.
 Certain standards and commonly
beliefs are visible in pop culture.
With this commonality, pop culture
influences and mirrors people’s
everyday engagement in life.
 Along this vein, popular culture may
be defined as the products and forms
of expression and identity that are
frequently encountered of widely
accepted, commonly liked or
approved, and characteristic of a
particular society at a given time
 Culture can be used to refer to ‘a
general process of intellectual,
spiritual and aesthetic development’.
 Culture might be to suggest ‘a
particular way of life, whether of a
people, a period or a group ‘.
 Culture can be used to refer to ‘the
works and practices of intellectual
and especially artistic activity.
 Symbols - stand for something else
and that often evoke various
reactions and emotions. A symbol
can be a strong motivator, a show of
status, or even an act of defiance.
Symbols are powerful things that can
speak a thousand words.
Theoretical Perspective of Culture
 Language - is a key symbol of any
culture. It can be spoken or written.
 Values - commonly accepted
standards of what is considered right
and wrong, good and evil, fair and
unfair, etc.
 Ideal Values - values members
profess to hold
 Real Values - values that guide actual
behavior
 Norms – are standards and
expectations for behaving. There are
two types of norms:
 1. Formal norms also called mores
and laws, refer to the standards of
behavior considered the most
important in any society. Ex. Traffic
laws, school rules and regulations,
community ordinances, etc.
 2. Informal norms also called
folkways and customs refers to the
standard of behavior that are less
important. But still influence us how
we behave. Ex. Table
manners, phone etiquette, public
ride manners, public conversation,
party etiquette, etc.
 Rituals - are established procedures
and ceremonies that often mark
transitions in the life course.
*circumcision for boys in the
Philippines
*Wedding rituals in the Philippines
*Funeral rituals (gambling, death
certificate, wearing of black dress,
etc)
*House warming rituals
 Functionalist Perspective is based on ownership and other economic or
the assumption that the society is social gain). It explores the
composed of many interrelated parts conflict between the poor and elite.
that systematically work together to 
serve the needs of the society. It
focuses on the relationship between
parts of society and how they
function for society’s benefit. This
theory was postulated by Emile
Durkheim.
 According to functionalism, an
institution only exists because it
serves a vital role in the functioning
of society. If it no longer serves a role,
an institution will die away. When
new needs evolve or emerge, new
institutions will be created to meet
them.
 The Functionalist Perspective
considers society as a complex
system which suggest that the
different social groups are  Symbolic Interactionism the theory
interdependent to each other. If assumes that we are all free to
such group is no longer capable of construct our own sense of morality
doing its role then it should be throughout our engagement in
replaced by another that could everyday social life.
satisfy the demand of a certain
 Symbolic Interactionism focuses on
segment in the society.
face –to-face interactions of people
 Functionalists believes that these and how they interpret each other’s
social groups should possess a actions.
collective action to maintain
 Pop Culture involves the aspects of
solidarity and unity.
social life most actively involved in by
 The different social group includes: the public. It is widely determined by
home, education government, the interactions between people in
religion, economy and media their everyday activities: styles of
 Conflict theory focuses on the dress, the use of slang, greeting
competition among members of the rituals, and the foods that people eat
social group over scarce resources are all examples of popular culture.
(i.e., struggle for power, money,  Certain standards and commonly
fame, protection, control, position, beliefs are visible in pop culture.
 With this commonality, pop
culture influences and mirrors
people’s everyday engagement in
life.
 Along this vein, popular culture may
be defined as the products and forms
of expression and identity that are
frequently encountered of widely
accepted, commonly liked or
approved, and characteristic of a
particular society at a given time.
 Popular culture consist of the aspects
of attitude behaviors beliefs customs
and tastes that define the people of
any society.
 Popular culture is a ‘mass culture’. It
is hopelessly commercial culture. It is
mass produced for mass
consumption. Its audience is a mass
of non-discriminating audience.
 Popular culture is to suggest that it is
the culture which is left over after we
have decided what high culture is. It
is a residual category, there to
accommodate cultural texts, and
practices which fail to meet
the required standard to qualify as
high culture.
 Pop culture is the culture of the
common man and high culture is the
culture of the elite.
 High culture is the consumption
patterns, mannerisms, Beliefs,
amusement, leisure activities, and
tastes and preferences of a
societies elite. Popular culture is the
same thing; but for the masses.
 Folklore – Prefers to keep ideas quiet
- New ideas almost always
follow custom
- Things stay the same for
long periods of time.
- Folk culture is fading as
popular culture is on the
rise
- Comes from small,
additional communities
 Pop Culture – Ideas are widespread
and diffuse quickly
- Adopts ideas from folk
culture and adapts them
to please the people
- Things fade out and come
in quickly as tastes of the
people change.
- Popular culture is
overtaking folk culture
with its fast pace and new
ideas.
Global culture and its impact to local
culture
 Global culture is a set of shared
experiences, norms, symbols, and
ideas that unite people at the global
level.
 Cultures can exist at the global,
national, regional, city,
neighborhood, subculture and super
culture levels. Such cultures are not
mutually exclusive but overlap in
countless ways.
Examples of Global Culture
 Business. Shared business habits,
convention and expectations
 Sport. Shared sports for enjoyment
and competition
 Holidays and Pastimes. Celebrated
holidays and events in diverse
 manners but with commonalities too
some degree at the global level.
Example is Christmas, New Year,
Lenten season, etc.
 Fashion. Trendy styles, designs or
materials that quickly spread and
adopt by people globally.
 Diplomacy. Shared conventions and
norms of international diplomacy.
 Professions. Shared professional
culture such as norms, ideas,
information, knowledge and symbols
that would promote professional
development
 Language. The desire to adopt
common language that could be used
internationally in business,
education, and other engagement
across borders.
 Travel. Exchanged norms and
conventions for international
travelers.
 Belief. Religious practices and rituals,
philosophies and other beliefs that
are shared and practiced by people in
the global world.
 Arts and Music. Shared various forms
of arts and music of different genres
and styles making people of varied
culture enjoy and appreciate the
value of commonalities and taste in
arts, and music.
 Education. Shared educational
norms and philosophies that would
develop the full capacities of
students at an international level.
Influence of global culture to local pop
culture
 Change the local phenomenon to be
more global
 Spread of cultural diversity and the
possibility of people to access any
culture that they want to know about
become easier.
 It may eliminate cultural diversity
 Pluralism in culture will enhance
peace and understanding between
nations
 Economics creates global market
because of globalization
 Stronger countries try to inspire the
language of other countries
Truths about local pop culture
 Pop culture is market driven.
 Pop culture is fluid.
 Pop culture is entertaining.
 Pop culture is unifying.
Benefits of Globalization
 It has led to robust and sharp
economic growth and financial
exchanges. e.g. free trade policies,
speed knowledge sharing and
international cooperation and
collaboration.
 Opened the world of finance making
exchange of capital easier. e.g.
extinguishing mediators and
collapsing barriers in economic
exchange.
 Increased human exchanges which
pave the way to cultural exchanges
(customs, tradition, habits, etc.) e.g.
migration, travelling, expatriation,
education (exchanging of students
and teachers.
  Culture shock is a psychological those differences and even to delight
discomfort when engaging in a new in them.
cultural situation.
Top ten countries impacting global culture
 Acculturation the process of
adjustment to the dominant culture. 1. FRANCE
 Assimilation the process of giving up 2. UNITED STATES
cultural traditions and adopting the 3. JAPAN
social customs of the dominant culture 4. BRAZIL
of a place. 5. AUSTRALIA
 Taboo - Restrictions on behavior 6. ITALY
imposed by social customs 7. SWEDEN
8. SWITZERLAND
Cultural Awareness & Sensitivity 9. SPAIN
 Cultural Awareness - General term used
 Constant exposure of people to global
to indicate that a person is conscious of
culture can eat away at their local
the similarities and differences within,
culture.
between, and among cultures.
 “In an era of global capitalism, cultural
 Cultural Sensitivity - Indicates that a
distinctiveness can become more
person not only has been an awareness
important, not less important. Because
of the nuances of one's own culture as
it’s sort of what people have left.”
well as those of other cultures, but also
that he or she does not assign a negative
or positive value to the differences
within, between, and among cultures-
accepts cultural differences non-
judgmentally.
 Tolerance is the recognition of the
universal human rights and freedoms
of others, and is not a passive
concept.
Tips for fostering Tolerance

 Live by the “golden rule”: Do unto

others as you would have them do
unto you.
 View differences as positive.
 Don’t blame all people in a particular
ethnic group, religion, etc. for the
cruel actions of a few who happen to
be from the same group.
 Remember, we all share the same
world. To be tolerant is to welcome