Newton's Contribution In Mechanics

Introduction

Isaac Newton (1642–1727) is best known for having invented the calculus in the mid to
late 1660s (most of a decade before Leibniz did so independently, and ultimately more
influentially) and for having formulated the theory of universal gravity — the latter in his
Principia, the single most important work in the transformation of early modern natural
philosophy into modern physical science. Yet he also made major discoveries in optics
beginning in the mid-1660s and reaching across four decades; and during the course of
his 60 years of intense intellectual activity, he put no less effort into chemical and
alchemical research and into theology and biblical studies than he put into mathematics
and physics. He became a dominant figure in Britain almost immediately following the
publication of his Principia in 1687, with the consequence that “Newtonianism” of one
form or another had become firmly rooted there within the first decade of the eighteenth
century. His influence on the continent, however, was delayed by the strong opposition to
his theory of gravity expressed by such leading figures as Christiaan Huygens and
Leibniz, both of whom saw the theory as invoking an occult power of action at a distance
in the absence of Newton's having proposed a contact mechanism by means of which
forces of gravity could act. As the promise of the theory of gravity became increasingly
substantiated, starting in the late 1730s but especially during the 1740s and 1750s,
Newton became an equally dominant figure on the continent, and “Newtonianism,”
though perhaps in more guarded forms, flourished there as well. What physics textbooks
now refer to as “Newtonian mechanics” and “Newtonian science” consists mostly of
results achieved on the continent between 1740 and 1800.

Newtons contribution to mechanics

In mechanics, he discovered the three laws of motion which lead to the formation of the
universal law of gravitation

The First Law of Motion

The first law of motion states that an object continues to be in a state of rest over of
uniform motion along a straight line unless acted upon by an unbalanced force this
tendency of an object to resist changes card inertia Saudi first law of motion is also
known as the law of inertia this can be proven by setting up a fire rupee honest the card
covering an empty glass number give the card a sharp flick if we do it fast enough the
card shoots away while the coin falls inside the glass tumbler due to its inertia. the inertia
of the coin tries to maintain its state of rest even when the card flows off

The Second Law Of Motion

The second law of motion states that the rate of change of momentum of an object is
directly proportional to the applied unbalanced force in the direction of the forces
mathematical equation is F = ma

while catching a fast movie cricket ball, a fielder in the ground gradually puts his hand
backward with the moving ball in doing saw the fielder increases the time duration while
the high velocity of the moving ball decreases to zero thus the acceleration of the world is
decreased and therefore the impact of catching the ball fast moving ball is also reduced if
the ball is stopped suddenly then its high velocity decreases to zero in a very short time
thus the rate of change of momentum will be a large therefore yeah large force would
have to be applied for holding the catch that may hurt the palm of the fielder this is due to
the second law of motion

Third law of motion

The third law motion is that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction and
they act on two different bodies the dead love motion can be illustrated when a sailor
jumps out of the rowing boat as the sailor jumps forward the force on the boat moves it
backward.

Universal Law Of Gravitation

Every object in this universe attract every other object with a force that is directly
proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the
distance between them gravitation is responsible for the motion of the moon around the
earth and the planet around the sun

Conclusion

Sir Isaac Newton is widely known as the most important figure in the scientific revolution
he is considered as one of the most influential scientists of all time he was a physicist and
formulated the three fundamental laws of motion these laws help him in the right
direction to develop the universal law of gravitation