POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

Chapter 4

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The developers created this system, not just for specific barangay but also the other

barangays could possibly adapt this system to improve their manual process of applying and

renewing business permits and licenses.

This chapter will discuss about the results and discussion of the proposed system,

including the requirement documentation, design of software/systems, development and

testing, implementation plan and implementation results.

Requirements Documentation

The Business Permit and Licensing System for Barangay Pulong Buhangin, Santa

Maria Bulacan is the system that will help both employees of the barangay and customers to

lessen their time in processing the request business permit and licenses.

Feasibility Studies. A Feasibility study is an evaluation and analysis of a proposed

project to determine whether it is feasible and should go ahead. Feasibility studies does this

by assessing four areas of feasibility which are the economic, technical, operational, and

schedule.

The possibility of the system project to implement or not will be able to decide, based

on the outcome of a feasibility study.

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1. Economic Feasibility. An economic feasibility relates to the budget for a project

and how money will be spent. It overlaps with other areas of feasibility as there
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
are often financial costs related to purchasing new hardware and software, and

costs associated with timelines running past deadlines.

A. Hardware Depreciation Cost

Lenovo ThinkPad E560 Laptop Php 42.000.00

i7-6500 @ 2.50 GHz

8 GB RAM

Epson 120 Printer   4, 990.00

Total Hardware Cost Php 46,990.00

Hardware Cost : Php 46,990.00

Life Expectancy :     3 years

Development Period :   10 months

Salvage Value = [(Hardware Cost / Life Expectancy) * Development Period] / 12

    = [(46,990.00/ 3) * 10] / 12

    = 13,052.78

Annual Depreciation Cost = (Hardware Cost – Salvage Value) / Life Expectancy

= (46,990.00– 13,052.78) / 3

= 11,312.41

Monthly Depreciation Cost = Annual Depreciation Cost / 12

= 11,312.41/ 12

= 942.70

Hardware Depreciation Cost = Monthly Depreciation Cost * Development Period

 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 25
        = 942.70* 10

        = 9,427.00

B. Software Depreciation Cost

Microsoft Windows 10 Php 1,880.00

Microsoft Office 2016 Professional Plus 2,300.00

Adobe XD 4,810.80

Adobe Photoshop (Single App) 11,339.45

Total Software Cost Php 20,330.25

Software Cost : Php 20,330.25

Life Expectancy :             5 years

Development Period : 10 months

Salvage Value= [(Software Cost / Life Expectancy) * Development Period] / 12

    = [(20,330.25/ 5) * 10] / 12

    = 16,941.88

Annual Depreciation Cost = (Software Cost – Salvage Value) / Life Expectancy

= (20,330.25– 16,941.88) / 6

= 564.73

Monthly Depreciation Cost = Annual Depreciation Cost / 12

= 564.73/ 12

= 47.06

Software Depreciation Cost = Monthly Depreciation Cost * Development Period

 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 26
      = 47.06* 10

      = 470.60

C. Labor Cost

1 System Designer (Front End Developer) Php 20,000.00 /Month

1 Programmer (Back End Developer) 25,000.00

1 System Analyst 18,000.00

1 Tester 18,000.00

1 Technical writer 18,000.00

1 Project manager 25,000.00

Development Period :  10 Months

Labor Cost = Developer’s Fee * 10

= 124,000.00 * 10

= Php 1,240,000.00

D. Miscellaneous Cost

2 ream Letter-sized bond paper (170.00 per ream) Php     340.00

3 piece Black – Panda ballpen                27.00

Others (Folders, paper clips, photocopies, transportation, food, etc) 8,000.00

Total Miscellaneous Cost Php 8,367.00

E. Overhead Cost

1st Month - Electric Bill (APRIL 2020) Php 151.80

2nd Month - Electric Bill (MAY 2020) 154.84

3rd Month - Electric Bill (JUNE 2020) 149.67

 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES 27
th
4 Month - Electric Bill (JULY 2020) 158.34

5th Month - Electric Bill (AUGUST 2020) 159.71

6th Month - Electric Bill (SEPTEMBER 2020) 160.62

7th Month - Electric Bill (OCTOBER 2020) 156.51

8th Month - Electric Bill (NOVEMBER 2020) 153.47

9th Month - Electric Bill (DECEMBER 2020) 151.95

10th Month - Electric Bill (JANUARY 2020) 145.56

Total Overhead Cost Php 1,542.47

Table 3 Summary Software Development Cost

Category Cost
Hardware Depreciation Cost 9,427.00
Software Depreciation Cost 470.60
Labor Cost 1,240,00.00
Miscellaneous Cost 8,367.00
Overhead Cost 1,542.47
Total Development Cost 1,259,807.07

2. Technological Feasibility. Relates to whether hardware and software within the

project can cope with a proposed new system. These are programming

platforms, multimedia that focus on graphics and design, database that focus on

organized collection of data and information, and some other technological

qualities.
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The developers make out to use Visual Studio Code as most important

creator of the system. The VS Code is a free source-code editor specified and

improved for building and debugging modern web and cloud applications, the

XAMPP control panel to run the application, MySQL for collection of data and
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
information, Laravel 8 the PHP framework to be used for developing system, and for

the graphics and design of the proposed system HTML 5, Bootstrap 4, Tailwind CSS,

Bootstrap JS, Adobe XD and Adobe Photoshop.

Visual Studio Code. It is a lightweight but powerful source code editor that

runs on desktop and available in the Windows, MacOS and LINUX. The developer’s

used this application for creating the system.

XAMPP. It is a free and open-source cross-platform web server solution

stack package developed by Apache Friends that the developer’s used to run the

PHP programming language and database.

MySQL. It is a storage of all information that the developer’s used to organize

all data and information of the system.

Laravel 8. It is a framework of PHP programming language to develop the

system, which the developers used.

HTML 5. It is a standard markup language for documents designed to be

displayed in a web browser that the developer’s used to create a web page and

content.

Bootstrap 4. It is contain a CSS design templates that the developer’s used

for creating typography, forms, buttons, navigation, and other interface components.

Tailwind CSS. It is a highly customizable, low-level CSS framework that the

developer’s used that give a building blocks to build desired designs without any

distracting opinionated styles.

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Bootstrap JS. It is contain a JavaScript-based design templates that the

developer’s used for creating typography, forms, buttons, navigation, and other

interface components.
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
Adobe XD. It is an adobe product that the developer’s used to creating web

design.

Adobe Photoshop. It is a software application for image editing and photo

retouching that the developer’s used to enhance the images and design of the

system.

3. Schedule Feasibility. Schedule feasibility is defined that the project can be

implemented in acceptable time frame. It also deals with the timeline estimations

and optimizing resources. The system maybe there but that doesn’t ensure the

skills required to properly apply that system. All Information systems can learn.

However, that learning curve will impact the schedule.

The chart below represent the project schedule date and designated tasks of

the developers, to achieve the system specific tasks in time and to keep away from

slowdown of the progress.

ACTIVITIES Duration Start Finish Resource Names

PLANNING & DATA 64 days Tue Thu – Adriano, Baltazar,

GATHERING -11/26/19 01/28/20 Gumasing

Form Project Team 1 day Tue Tue – Adriano, Baltazar,

-11/26/19 11/26/19 Gumasing
Make Project Initial 3 days Wed Fri – Adriano, Baltazar,
Proposal -11/27/19 11/29/19 Gumasing
Approve Project 1 day Tue Tue –
Proposal -12/03/19 12/03/19
Make Project Final 6 days Wed Mon – Adriano, Baltazar,
Proposal -12/04/19 12/09/19 Gumasing
Approve Project Final 1 day Tue Tue –
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
Proposal -12/10/19 12/10/19
Plan and Conduct 30 days Wed Tue- Adriano, Baltazar,
Data Gathering -12/11/19 01/09/20 Gumasing
Make Interview Guide 2 days Fri – Sat – Adriano
Questions 01/10/20 01/11/20
Conduct Interviews 1 day Mon – Mon- Adriano, Baltazar,
01/13/20 01/13/20 Gumasing
Plan and Conduct 2 days Tue- Wed – Adriano, Baltazar,
Observation 01/14/20 01/15/20 Gumasing
Make Questionnaires 2 days Thu- Fri- Adriano
01/16/20 01/17/20
Conduct of Giving 3 days Sat – Mon - Adriano, Baltazar,
Questionnaires 01/18/20 01/20/20 Gumasing
Make Survey 2 days Tue Wed- Adriano
Questions -01/21/20 01/22/20
Conduct of Giving 3 days Thu Sat- Adriano, Baltazar,
Survey Questions -01/23/10 01/25/20 Gumasing
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Table 4. Gantt Chart

Make Requirements 2 days Sun Mon – Adriano, Baltazar,

Analysis Report (Data -01/26/27 01/27/20 Gumasing
Gathering)
Submission of 1 day Tue – Tue – Adriano, Baltazar,
Requirement Analysis 01/28/20 01/28/20 Gumasing
Report (Data Gathering)
FEASIBILITY STUDY 8 days Wed – Fri- Adriano, Baltazar,
01/29/20 03/07/20 Gumasing
Technical Feasibility 2 days Wed- Thu- Adriano, Baltazar,
01/29/20 01/30/20 Gumasing
Economic Feasibility 1 day Fri- Fri- Adriano, Baltazar,
01/31/20 01/31/20 Gumasing
Operational Feasibility 5 days Sat- Thu – Adriano, Baltazar,
03/01/20 03/06/20 Gumasing
Submission of 1 day Fri- Fri- Adriano, Baltazar,
Requirement Analysis 03/07/20 03/07/20 Gumasing
Report (Feasibility Study)
ANALYSIS 8 days Sun- Thu- Baltazar
11/08/20 11/18/20
Make Data Flow Diagram 4 days Sun Wed- Baltazar
-11/08/20 11/11/20
Context Diagram 2 days Thu Fri- Baltazar
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
-11/12/20 11/13/20
Exploded Data Flow 2 days Sat – Sun- Baltazar
Diagram 11/14/20 11/15/20
Make System Flowchart 3 days Mon- Wed- Baltazar
11/16/20 11/18/20
Submission of Analysis 1 day Thu- Thu- Adriano, Baltazar,
Phase Documents 12/10/20 12/10/20 Gumasing
DESIGN 20 days Mon- Thu- Adriano, Baltazar,
11/16/20 01/24/19 Gumasing
Data Dictionary 2 days Mon- Tue- Baltazar, Gumasing,
11/16/20 11/17/20
Entity Relationship Diagram 1 day Wed- Wed- Baltazar, Gumasing,
(ERD) 11/18/20 11/18/20 31

Visual Table of 2 days Thu- Fri- Baltazar, Gumasing

Contents (VTOC) 11/19/20 11/20/20
Input - Process - Output 2 days Sat- Sun- Baltazar, Gumasing
(IPO) 11/21/20 11/22/20
Draw Program 2 days Mon- Tue- Baltazar, Gumasing
Flowchart 11/23/20 11/24/20
Create User Interface 11 days Wed- Fri- Baltazar, Gumasing
11/25/20 12/04/20
Submission of Design 1 day Thu- Thu- Adriano, Baltazar,
Phase Documents 12/10/20 12/10/20 Gumasing,
DEVELOPMENT 35 days Mon- Sat- Baltazar, Gumasing
02/03/20 03/08/20
Develop Prototype 30 days Mon- Mon- Baltazar, Gumasing
02/03/20 03/03/20
Create Database 5 days Tue- Sat- Baltazar
03/04/20 03/08/20
PROJECT 20 days Tue- Fri- Adriano, Baltazar,
DOCUMENTATION 01/14/20 12/10/20 Gumasing
Write Chapter 1 5 days Tue- Sat- Adriano
Document 01/14/20 01/18/20
Write Chapter 2 4 days Sun- Wed- Adriano
Document 01/19/20 01/21/20
Write Chapter 3 5 days Thu- Mon- Adriano
Document 01/22/20 01/26/20
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
Write Chapter 4 5 days Thu- Mon- Adriano, Baltazar,
Document 01/22/20 01/26/20 Gumasing,
Write Chapter 5 2 days Thu- Mon- Adriano
Document 01/22/20 01/26/20
Write Preliminaries and 6 days Mon- Wed- Adriano, Baltazar,
Appendices 09/28/20 09/28/20 Gumasing
Revise Documents 3 days Mon Wed – Adriano, Baltazar,
-10/26/20 10/28/20 Gumasing
Submission of 1 day Tue- Tue- Adriano, Baltazar,
Revised 12/10/20 12/10/20 Gumasing
documents
PROJECT 1 day Sat- Sat- Adriano, Baltazar,
PRESENTATION 03/16/21 03/16/21 Gumasing
BRIEFING
PRESENTATION OF 2 days Tue- Wed- Adriano, Baltazar,
PROTOTYPE AND 03/19/21 03/20/21 Gumasing
DOCUMENT 32

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Design of Software / Systems

This section will discuss the structured visual representation on the most effective

method to plan the system that conceptualize its architecture, components, modules,

interfaces, and data that would satisfy the specified functional and non-functional

requirements.

Data Flow Diagrams. Data Flow Diagram (DFD) illustrates how data is process by

a system in terms of inputs and outputs. As its name indicates, it focuses on the flow of

information where data comes from, where it goes and how it get stored. DFD has no flow

control, no decision rules and no loops. The developers created a data flow diagram for the

process of applying and renewing business permit of the proposed system. It shows the

step by step process for applying business permit and licenses. See Appendix H
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
Systems Flowchart. System flowchart is the visual representation of the sequence

of step and decision needed to perform a process. It’s a way of describing how the data

flows in a system and how the decisions are made to control the events. There are several

symbols used in specifying specific action on the flowchart. The developers made a system

flowchart of the proposed business permit and licensing system process for them to be

guided and serve as their reference. See Appendix I

Data Dictionary. A data dictionary contains a set of data that describes and gives

information about other data in the database. The data dictionary is very important as it

contains information of what is in the database, who is allowed to access it, and where the

database physically stored. This is only handle by the database administrators and not the

users of the database.

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Data Dictionary was used by the developers to discuss the subjects figured within

the database. A data dictionary is crucial for documentation purposes, for keeping control

information on collective data, for ensuring consistency and data security of elements

between organizational systems, and for use in developing databases. See Appendix J

Entity Relationship Diagram. An entity relationship diagram (ERD) shows the

relationships of entities stored in database. These entities can have attributes that defines

its properties. The ER Diagram of the system show the elements which illustrate to a

gathering or classification of information. Every element has its properties that are being

stored to the database. See Appendix K

Visual Table of Contents (VTOC). It is part of system where modules arranged

systematically, it shows the process of the procedure from the main window to the sub-

processes. The Administrator main dashboard of the project includes the receiving of

request, viewing of request, sending of request and printing of request. For Applicant main

dashboard that includes type of business, sending requirements, digital signature, delivery
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
options and reference number. For Inspector main dashboard that include viewing of

information and approving business area. For Captain and Secretary that include permit

signing. While the Admin Head main dashboard manage all this processes including add

account, printing reports and transaction history. See Appendix L

Input Process Output (IPO). Input Process Output (IPO) is a graphical

representation of all the elements that make up a process. An input-process-output table

includes all of the materials and information required for the process, details of the process

itself, and output of the inputs. The IPO table was employ to indicate how the information

was taken care of. See Appendix M

Program Flowchart. Program flowchart explains how a particular program solves a

given task. It helps to get an understanding on how to solve a problem using the program.
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Program Flowchart give explanation to the observer to understand complicated

procedures. To illustrate the connection of these sequencing procedures, to give assistance

evaluate, record, and deal with the program of a definite system. In evaluate to this system,

developers’ illustrated the diagram of the system from the starting point of the flow until to

the end of the procedure. See Appendix N

Development and Testing

This section, discussed all the operations to prepare for the development and

improvement of the system. The Business Permit and Licensing System for Barangay

Pulong Buhangin, Santa Maria Bulacan was developed by doing data gathering, such as

research, surveys, interviews, and questionnaires on the developers’ beneficiary. The

proposed system was aim to help the barangay to improve the manual process of applying

and renewing business permit and licenses, into web-based system that will be more

convenient and easy to use for both applicants and employees/staffs of the barangay. The
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
developers also used the methodology that required the system to collect data by analyzing

the needs of the user.

After the development, testing is needed to perform to analyze the capacity and

effectiveness of the system just as its standard and requirements of the user request will

provide the system. The tester of the developers test the system if it’s free from any errors

and faults in terms of design.

Implementation Plan
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This section discussed about the implementation plan for the software development

of the proposed system. According to Wikipedia, “implementation is the realization of an

application, or execution of a concept, idea, model, design, specification, standard,

algorithm, or policy”. In other words, implementation is the act of implementing a plan,

decision, or method. Thus, an implementation plan is the documented phases you need to

take to successfully achieve the implementation results. Accurate idea should be implement,

to meet the objectives and purposes of the project.

The steps of the Business Permit and Licensing System for Barangay, Pulong

Buhangin, Santa Maria, Bulacan execution plan focus on preparing plans, flow

improvement, and correspondences. The execution plan segment indicates the certain

necessities examined within the system overview and assists the part. Accomplishing every

duty and searching after the duty is to represent the success requirements which should be

determine by a project schedule.

A correspondence idea represent the require instruction concerning to task, relaying

of information, conditions of the records, and other important information.

SYSTEM PLANNING
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES

SYSTEM ANALYSIS

SYSTEM DESIGN

SOFTWARE
DEVELOPMENT

SYSTEM TESTING AND

INTEGRATION

DEPLOYMENT

SYSTEM MAINTENANCE

Figure 4. Software Development

System Planning. The planning step is the most important step in creating a

successful system, during this phase you decide what exactly you want to do and the

problems you want to solve.

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System Analysis. In this step, the end-users requirements should be settled and

documented. A feasibility study will be made for the project, it’s very important to maintain

strong communication level with the clients to make sure to fulfill the finished product and its

function.

System Design. In this step, defines the elements of a system, components,

security level, modules architecture and the different interfaces and type of data that goes

the system.

Software Development. In this step, the actual code is written here, and if the

system contains hardware, then the implementation phase will contain arrangement and

enhancement for the hardware to meet certain requirements and functions.

System Testing and Integration. In this step, bringing different components and

subsystems together to create the whole coordinated system, and then introducing the
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
system to different inputs to acquire and analyze its outputs and behavior and the way it

functions.

Deployment. In this step, the system is ready to be utilized and installed in client’s

premises, ready to become running, live and productive.

System Maintenance. In this step, periodic maintenance for the system will be

carried out to make sure that the system won’t become outdated, this will include replacing

the old hardware and continuously evaluating system’s performance.

Implementation Results

Implementation results are the effects of deliberate and purposive actions of

implementation plan. These results are used as indicators of implementation processes and

success, and are also often employed as intermediate results of the proposed system. The

final results of the testing would decide if the system would have a potential and possibility

to implement. The system was tried by the user and later on, they gave their evaluation.
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In Figure 5.1 illustrates the results of assessment given by the employees/staffs of

the barangay including the admin and secretary as the respondents. As stated in figure 5.1

the result of assessment of the respondents in the existing system is slightly not satisfied in

terms of convenience, efficiency, accuracy, user-friendliness, security, consistency, and

reliability of the existing/manual system. The frequency results of the existing system are as

per the following: Convenience 2.00%, Efficiency 2.25%, Accuracy 2.00%, User-friendliness

2.00%, Security 1.75%, Consistency 2.00%, and Reliability 2.00%.

The figure likewise illustrates the results of assessment of the respondents in the

proposed system that has a greater potential and advantage in terms of the criteria given by

the developers. The frequency results are as per the following: Convenience 3.88%,

Efficiency 3.38%, Accuracy 4.00%, User-friendliness 4.00%, Security 3.13%, Consistency

4.00%, and Reliability 3.50%.

 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
The following are the implementation results of the existing system and proposed

system illustrates in figure 5.2.

Existing System Proposed System

Criteria

5 4 3 2 1 FME 5 4 3 2 1 FME
Convenience 0 0 1 6 1 2.00 3.88
1 5 2 0 0
Efficiency 0 0 3 4 1 2.25 3.38
1 1 6 0 0
Accuracy 0 0 2 4 2 2.00 4.00
2 4 2 0 0
User-friendliness 0 0 2 4 2 2.00 4.00
2 4 2 0 0
Security 0 0 1 4 3 1.75 3.13
0 1 7 0 0
Consistency 0 0 2 4 2 2.00 4.00
2 4 2 0 0
Reliability 0 0 2 4 2 2.00 3.50
1 2 5 0 0
WME 14.00 WMP 25.89

Figure 5.1 Frequency Chart of Existing and Proposed

39
 POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Convenience Efficiency Accuracy User-friendliness Security Consistency Reliablity

Existing Proposed

Figure 5.2 Frequency Mean (FM) Table for the Existing and Proposed Systems

The Weighted Mean (WM) of the proposed system is 25.89 although the existing

system had a Weighted Mean (WM) of 14.00. That exclusively illustrates that most of the

respondents are satisfied on the capacities and capabilities of the system.

Furthermore, depend on the results produced that shows at figure 5.2, the proposed

system has an elevated task ability evaluation unlike the existing system.