MORALES, MIGUEL ANGELO G.

BSAMT 3-2

FINAL MODULE 1

Honesty Clause

The students are expected to recognize and uphold standards of

intellectual and academic integrity as members of the academic
community. The college assumes that the students are honest as
a basic and minimum standard of conduct in academic matters,
and that they only submit products of their own efforts for credit.

ACTIVITY #1

Copy the problem first before answering the following questions on a clean paper. Please
write your name on the top left corner and your course, year level, and the section below.
Write “Activity # 1” at the top center of the paper before the honesty clause. Write legibly.
No erasures or alterations allowed. Place the honesty clause and your signature at the
beginning of your work.
(1) Discuss the importance of stability and the difference of its categories.
(2) Explain the stability and the factors or designs to consider for a training airplane.

(1). The term stability characterizes the motion of an airplane when returning to its
equilibrium position after it has been disturbed from it without the pilot taking action.
Aircraft control describes the response to actions taken by a pilot to induce and maintain
a state of equilibrium or to execute maneuvers. One important side effect of stability is
that it allows for a degree of ‘inattention’ even without an autopilot being engaged. If the
pilot releases the controls for a short period of time, stability will help keep an aircraft in
the state which it was left in. Another important side effect of stability is tactile feedback
to the pilot. On aircraft with static longitudinal stability, for example, if the pilot is holding
a sustained rearward force on the control column, then the speed is probably less than
the last trim speed.

Positive stability is the tendency to return to original position while the neutral static
stability is the tendency to remain at new position and lastly the negative static stability
is the tendency to continue away from original position.

(2) The aircraft's response to disturbance is associated with the inherent degree
of stability built in by the designer, in each of the three axes; and eventuating without
any reaction from the pilot. Another condition affecting flight is the aircraft's state
of trim – or equilibrium where the net sum of all forces equals zero. Some aircraft can
be trimmed by the pilot to fly 'hands off' for straight and level flight, for climb or for
descent. If the trim is wrong, and perhaps it flies with one wing low, inherent stability will
maintain that wing-low attitude and not restore the aircraft to a wings-level attitude. It is
desirable that longitudinal trim doesn't change significantly with alterations in power, nor
does directional trim change significantly with alterations in airspeed.

An aircraft's stability is expressed in relation to each axis: lateral stability – stability in

roll, directional stability – stability in yaw and longitudinal stability – stability in pitch. The
latter is the most important stability characteristic. Lateral and directional stability are
inter-dependent.

The primary factors to consider in aircraft structures are strength, weight, and reliability.
These factors determine the requirements to be met by any material used to construct
or repair the aircraft. Airframes must be strong and light in weight.