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Air cargo Transport
International air transport is regulated by:
✓ The Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage
by Air 1929 "Varsovia Convention".
✓ The Law of Civil Aviation of Peru and its Regulations, the General Customs
Law and its Regulations, and as noted in the Aviation Regulation of Peru No.
112, known as the RAP 112.
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Air Freedoms
Airlines must obtain government permission before flying a route.
Routes often require multilateral approval to guarantee traffic rights and
freedoms of the air.
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Air Freedoms
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Air Freedoms
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Air Freedoms
7. The right for an air transport operator of a country, to make
commercial traffic entirely outside its territory.
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Air Transport Advantages
For the customer shipper or receiver:
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Air Load Transport
Advantages:
✓ Speed (time).
✓ Competitiveness: inventory, financing, packaging.
✓ Handling: documentation, insurance.
✓ Market coverage.
Disadvantages:
✓ Capacity.
✓ Bulk cargoes.
✓ Low unit value products.
✓ Dangerous goods.
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Air Load Transport
➢ International movement (general cargo) progressed
to 12.1% annually. In despite the high volatility of oil
and sea cargo preferences.
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Air Load Transport
Air Load - Peru
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Air Load Transport
➢ IATA considers the load as all the objects that
are airlifted and protected by the Air Way Bill
(AWB).
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Diagram of International Air Transport
Airline
Customs Terminal
Agent Warehouse
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Air Cargo
The load is the set of goods protected by proper
packaging that allows to speed the handling,
loading, unloading or air transport. It is common to
consider as cargo any good, even if it is not
consolidated. Courier, supplies and accompanied
baggage are not considered as cargo.
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Air Cargo Types
1. General cargo
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Air Cargo Types
2. Perishable Load: Products whose physical,
chemical or microbiological properties do not
allow it to have a duration in time or in the
environment, such as products of animal and
plant origin in primary state, so they will need
special conditions for preservation (refrigeration,
preservatives, vacuum bags, etc.).
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Air Cargo Types
3. Fragile (weak) load: consist in products that are
easily to be damaged or destroyed quickly, need
to be handled with extreme care using additional
packing materials (plastic, polyurethane foam,
styrofoam, bands, lashings, plastic or metal,
etc.,); in addition to label the signals or load
handling instructions.
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Air Cargo Types
4. Valued load: is any containing one or more of the following
items:
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Air Cargo Types
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Products transported by air
Urgents High value Others Restricted
• Perishable: • Precious metals. • Fragile items. • Dangerous
flowers, • Computers and • Human parts. goods.
vegetables, food. spare parts. • Live animals. • Chemical
• Medicines: • Expensive spare • Handicrafts. products.
vaccines. parts. • Textiles, apparel. • Radioactive.
• Spare parts. • Tools. • Aircraft parts.
• Newspapers, • Artworks. • Race cars.
magazines, • Works for
courier, exhibition.
documents.
• Short life items
can be dangerous
items.
• Items to save
human lives.
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Packaging in Air Cargo Transport
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Air Cargo Transport - Packaging
External
protection,
Factors: pressure,
impact,
damage by
Compatibility forklifts.
Absorption of
with
vertical and
packaging
horizontal
material
oscillations.
content.
Problem
Protection of
loss of Mass
commercial displacement.
value.
Internal
General
protection.
susceptibility
Fill, hold,
to damage.
close.
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Air Cargo Transport - Packaging
Types:
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Air Cargo Transport - Packaging
Types:
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Air Cargo Transport - Packaging
Indelibility:
The paint used must be waterproof and as a general
precaution to moisture.
Location:
Must be able to easily identify the product, it is
recommended to put them on the side or on the top
side of the package.
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Air Cargo Transport – Packaging Materials
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Air Cargo Transport – Packaging Materials
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Air Cargo Transport – Units
Unitization:
Is the process of consolidation of several units
into a single unit. Material handling cost
decreases as the size of the unit increases.
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Unit Load types according to IATA
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Unit Load types according to IATA
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Unit Load types according to IATA
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Unit Load types according to IATA
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Major airlines
✓ Italy: Alitalia Team
✓ France: Air France
✓ Germany: Lufthansa
✓ Netherlands: KLM
✓ Spain: Iberia Líneas Aéreas de España
✓ England: British Air Inc.
✓ USA: American Airlines, Delta Airlines
✓ Korea: Korean Air Cargo
✓ Russia: Aeroflot
✓ China: Hong Kong Dragon Airlines
✓ Japan: Japan Airlines
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Major aircraft manufacturers
✓ Boeing
✓ Bombardier
✓ Airbus
✓ General Dynamics
✓ Embraer
✓ Cessna
✓ Tupoleve
✓ Dassault Falcon
✓ Indonesian aerospace
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Aircraft Types
Passengers
All aircraft liner, have space for carrying cargo. In these types of aircraft
passengers always have priority over the loads.
Load / Cargo
Dedicated exclusively to freight. They are specially designed for this
type of transport: reinforced structures, anchors, special access gates.
They can carry up to 150 tons.
Convertibles
By transforming a portion of the aircraft can be converted to cargo or
passenger transport.
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Aircraft Types
Passenger (PAX)
Main deck
Lower deck
Freighter
Main deck
Lower deck
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Aircraft Types
Boeing B-747 Airbus 380 Antonov
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Types of Airlines
Regional
Average and low operating aircraft capacity, short air routes / low demand or
high frequencies. Generally they perform domestic flights.
Network
They operate with a large fleet with many types of aircraft, from small regional to
transcontinental. Combines long distance flights with medium and short
distance, depending on the model of distribution centers or hubs. Most of the
flag traditional airlines are included in this type.
Large Scale
Perform long flights between the main international airports in the world. Their
fleets are characterized by large capacity aircraft.
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The Interline Agreements
The interline cargo transportation is controlled by the
Interline Traffic Agreement - IATA Cargo or by the
agreements concluded between the carriers on a bilateral
basis.
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Air Cargo Transport Services
1. Regular
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Air Cargo Transport Services
1. Regular
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Air Cargo Transport Services
2. Leased or Charter
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Air Cargo Transport Services
Why it is desired use a Charter?
1. Urgent shipments.
2. Heavy loads.
3. Voluminous cargo.
4. Civil wars or restricted access.
5. High-value cargo.
6. Manufactured products just in time.
7. Dangerous load.
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Air Cargo Transport Services
Points to consider when a charter contract is
made:
Appropriate Pallets or ULD's, nets, origin &
destination handling, local store and destination,
palletizing, all necessary staff and everything
relevant to the operation.
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