UNIVERSIDAD

POLITÉCNICA DE
DURANGO
Vanessa Ramirez

DAMIANY ROSALES
ROSALES

SOFTWARE
ENGINEERING BIS

5A

REAL WORLD
ARCHITECTURE
SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE
How do they store a lot of videos without
running out of space?
YouTube’s backend infrastructure microservices are written using Python,
C, C++, Java with Guice framework, & Go. JavaScript is used to write the
user interface.

MySQL is the primary database powered by Vitess, a database clustering

system for horizontal scaling of MySQL. Memcache is used for caching &
Zookeeper for node coordination.

Popular videos are served from the CDN & moderately, lesser-played videos
are fetched from the database.

Every video, at the time of the upload, is given a unique identifier and is
processed by a batch job that runs several automated processes such as
generating thumbnails, metadata, video transcripts, encoding, setting the
monetization status and so on.

VP9 & H.264/MPEG-4 AVC Advanced Video Coding codecs are used for
video compression that encode videos with HD & 4K quality at half the
bandwidth required by other codecs.
Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP protocol is used for the streaming
of videos. It’s an adaptive bitrate streaming technique that enables
high-quality streaming of videos over the web from conventional HTTP
web servers. Via this technique, the content is made available to the viewer
at different bit rates. The YouTube client automatically adapts the video
rendering as per the internet connection speed of the viewer thus cutting
down the buffering as much as possible.

Answer:
After doing more research about this topic, it looks like since YouTube was bought
by Google, they started to store their data in the Google Modular Data Centers,
which is portable and can be placed wherever the data storage capacity is
required.