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English for Academic

and Professional Purposes
Quarter 1 – Module 2
Using Knowledge of Text Structure
to Glean Information
English for Academic and Professional Purposes– Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
First Semester-Quarter 1- Using Knowledge of Text Structure
to Glean Information
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall

subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However,
prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work
is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a
condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos,

brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned
by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted
to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education - Region III

Secretary: Leonor M. Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Author: Syralyn Ann M. Sanchez
Language Reviewer: Joselito G. Milan
Content Editor: Cherilyn R. Goyena, PhD
Marciano V. Cruz, Jr.
Illustrator: Syralyn Ann M. Sanchez
Layout Artist: Rolando N. Javier, Jr.
Management Team: Management Team
Gregorio C. Quinto, Jr., EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division
Rainelda M. Blanco, PhD
Education Program Supervisor - LRMDS
Agnes R. Bernardo, PhD
EPS-Division ADM Coordinator
Jay - Arr V. Sangoyo, PhD
EPS –English
Glenda S. Constantino
Project Development Officer II
Joannarie C. Gracia
Librarian II

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
Email address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph
 Senior High School

English for Academic

and Professional Purposes
Quarter 1 – Module 2
Using Knowledge of Text Structure
to Glean Information
CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Ia-c-4
 Introductory Message
For the Facilitator:

Welcome to English for Academic and Professional Purposes Alternative Delivery Mode
(ADM) Module on Using Knowledge of Text Structure to Glean Information.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators from
public institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and
economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the
needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will
help you in guiding the learners

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also
need to keep track of the learners’ progress while allowing them to manage their own
learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the
tasks included in the module.

For the Learner:

Welcome to English for Academic and Professional Purposes Alternative Delivery Mode
(ADM) Module on Using Knowledge of Text Structure to Glean Information.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
This part includes an activity that aims to check
what you already know about the lesson to
take. If you get all the answers correctly
(100%), you may decide to skip this module.

1
 This is a brief drill or review to help you link the
current lesson with the previous one.
In this portion, the new lesson will be
introduced to you in various ways; a story, a
song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity
or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the answers
to the exercises using the Answer Key at the
end of the module.
This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
This section provides an activity which will help
you transfer your new knowledge or skill into
real life situations or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate your level
of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
In this portion, another activity will be given to
you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned.
This contains answers to all activities in the
module.

At the end of this module, you will also find:

References- This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 This module will teach you to use knowledge of text structure to glean information
you need. Different activities are provided here that will help you gain knowledge and
understanding of the topic.

At the end of this module, you are expected to:

 identify the structure of academic text;
 differentiate structures of academic text; and
 create an academic text that can be applied to a text structure.

Directions: Read the following statements and choose the best answer. Write your answers
on the space before each number.

_______ 1. It refers to how information is organized in a passage.

a. descriptive structure
b. academic structure
c. text structure

_______ 2. It is a text structure that explains reasons why something happened.

a. problem-solution
b. cause and effect
c. spatial/description

_______ 3. This type of text examines the similarities and differences between two or
more people, concepts, ideas, etc.
a. problem-solution
b. cause and effect
c. comparison and contrast

_______ 4. This word means time.

a. chrono
b. logic
c. chronological

_______ 5. This type of structure sets up a problem or problems, explains solutions

and then discusses the effects of the solution.
a. problem-solution
b. cause and effect
c. comparison and contrast

_______ 6. This type of text structure features a detailed description of something to

give a reader a mental picture.
a. problem-solution
b. cause and effect
c. spatial/description

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_______ 7. The following words can be used as signal words in cause and effect text
structure EXCEPT:
a. due to
b. because
c. meanwhile

_______ 8. It is the basic pattern of a story.

a. middle - beginning - end
b. beginning – middle - end
c. end – middle – beginning

_______ 9. It is organized based on the occurrence of an event.

a. spatial/description
b. chronological order
c. cause and effect

_______ 10. This word means order.

a. chrono
b. logic
c. chronology

_______ 11. The following are signal words for contrasting EXCEPT:
a. similarly
b. but
c. unlike

_______ 12. The following are signal words for chronological order EXCEPT:
a. first, second, third…
b. begin, next, last…
c. like, unlike, both…

_______ 13. The following are signal words for comparing EXCEPT:
a. both
b. but
c. similarly

_______ 14. This text structure presents the causal relationship between a specific
event.
a. cause and effect
b. spatial description
c. comparison and contrast.

_______ 15. What kind of description should be used in describing specific events,
persons or places in spatial/description text structure?
a. vague
b. vivid
c. non realistic

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Let’s Review!

Directions: Identify the following terms based on your previous lesson. Choose your answer
from the box below. Write the letter of your answer on the space before each item.

A. style B. purpose C. caution D. objectivity E. formal

___1. It is the language that should be used in writing academic text.

___2. It serves as the writer’s goal in writing a text.
___3. It is a feature of language that requires you to be careful on your writing.
___4. It is a feature of language which prohibits you to include personal emotions in the text.
___5. It deals with the way the writer organize a text.

Do We Match?

Directions: Match the definition in column A to the term in Column B. Write the letter of
your answer on the space before each number.

Column A Column B
___1. It is the meaning of the word “logic”. A. description
___2. It refers to the signal word for cause and effect. B. text structure
___3. It creates a picture in the mind of the readers. C. beginning – middle - end
___4. It is the organization of text in a passage. D. order
___5. It is the basic structure of a story. E. due to

Using Knowledge of Text Structure to Glean Information

Text Structure

Every student should understand that a text should present its details and main ideas. Text
structure helps them to organize a written text, giving its cause and effect, or its different
views. Text structure refers to organization of information in a passage.

Common Types of Text Structure

Spatial or Description gives a reader a detailed feature that creates a picture on

his/her mind about a topic.

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 Spatial organization is when information in a passage is organized in order of space
or location. Spatial organization can also be called as descriptive writing. If you are about to
describe how something looks, you are describing it spatially. It can also be used in fiction
and non-fiction. Even if narration style of writing is usually arranged chronologically, if the
author is describing a setting of a certain scene, the author is describing it spatially.

Example: Volcanoes can be a source of fear and destruction. Even though

volcanoes are like pressure valve in the inner earth, they are very beautiful sights. One of
the parts of the volcanoes that cannot be seen all the time is its magma chamber. It is
beneath the earth’s bedrock and is very hot. Conduit is the one that runs from the magma
chamber to the crater, which can be seen at the top of the volcano. The crater is where the
magma exits. Volcanoes are very scenic yet very dangerous.

Cause and Effect presents the relationship between specific events, ideas, or concepts.

Cause and effect is one way of organizing information in a text. It explains reasons
why something happened. It can be ordered as cause to effect or vice versa. It is generally
used in expository and persuasive writing modes.

It can be cause to effect wherein it explains why something happened and the effect
of it. It can be also effect to cause wherein it explains the result of things that happened and
its reasons. This structure is commonly used, most of the time writers do not notice that they
use this kind of text structure.

Example: Many people think that they can acquire illness by going into cold weather
improperly dressed. However, illnesses are not caused by temperature. They are caused by
germs. So, trembling outside in the cold probably won’t strengthen your immune system, but
you are more likely to acquire illness outdoors because you will greatly be exposed to
germs.

In the previous example, the paragraph explains how germs cause illnesses. The
germs are the cause in the paragraph and the illness is the effect.

Here is another example of a paragraph that is written using the cause and effect text
structure:

Another Example:

Students are prohibited to chew gum in my class. While other students think that I
am just being mean, I have a lot of good reasons for this rule. First, there are some
irresponsible students who can make messes with their gums. Students may leave them on
the bottoms of desks, drop them on the floor, or put them on other people’s property.
Another reason why I don’t allow students to chew gum is because it can be a source of
distraction while listening, reading, writing and learning. When they are allowed to chew
gum, students are more worried about having it, popping it, chewing it, and snapping it. This
is why I don’t allow students to chew gum in my class.

Identifying a text written using the cause and effect pattern of organization can be
tricky. Though stories are arranged chronologically, Cause and Effect pattern is only
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organized by the time an event happened that has causal relationship. Contrarily, cause and
effect passages usually focus on explaining the reason why something occurs or occurred.

These are the signal words that may indicate that information in a paragraph is
organized as cause and effect: because, as a result, resulted, caused, affected, since,
due to, effect.

Comparison and Contrast gives the similarities and differences between two or
more people, events, concepts, ideas, and the like.

Comparison and Contrast is a text structure or pattern of organization that discusses

similarities and differences. You should bear in mind that this kind of structure should
discuss both comparing (similarities) and contrasting (differences). If you will only discuss
comparing and not contrasting, it cannot be called as comparing and contrasting but
comparing alone and vice versa.

This pattern is generally easy to recognize. Writer who is comparing and contrasting
will bounce back and forth between two subjects. Here are some signal words that may
indicate that the text is written using the compare and contrast organizational pattern: like,
unlike, both, neither, similar, and different.

Example: Mangoes and durians are both fruits. They both have seeds inside of
them. Each has a skin, but durian skins are thick and difficult to peel. Mango skins are
thinner and peel easily. Durians have distinct stench while mangoes have sweet smell, but
both fruits are delicious.

Chronological Order

Chronological order explains a text by the time an event occurs. Chrono means time
and logic means order. The events occur along a timeline even if the author uses
flashbacks, or flash forwards. All stories are organized chronologically, therefore, every story
has a beginning, middle, and end. Non-fiction stories organized chronologically usually
contain dates while fiction passages or narratives usually have no dates. A narrative or story
is a journey through time, and all of the events are arranged in order of time. Stories require
the passage of time. Sometimes, time will stop in a narrative. Certain passages in a story
may focus on describing scenery or spaces, and use a descriptive or spatial method of
organization. The conflict of a story may be discussed in terms of problem and solution or
cause and effect, but the text in a story is still mainly organized chronologically.

Example: This morning was pretty crazy. I woke up really late because of wrong
setting of my alarm. It was set PM instead of AM. I just wore any clothes and ran out the
door. I rode my bike as fast as I could with the thought that I was going to be late for sure,
but when I got there everyone was outside and there were fire trucks all lined up in front of
school. I guess somebody pulled the fire alarm before class started. It worked out though,
because nobody really noticed or minded that I was tardy.

Problem-Solution mentions a problem or problems, identifies some possible

solutions and discusses the effect of the solution.

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 Problem – Solution is a pattern of organization that explains a problem or issue and
an attempted solution in the issue. This type of text is usually interchanged with cause and
effect type of structure but the only thing that they should remember is that cause and effect
text structure do not offer a solution. This mentions a problem and then offers a solution plus
the possible effect of a solution.

Example: Bullying has been prevalent these days. These encounters make it hard
for children to develop confidence and high self-esteem. Fortunately, bullying has been
noticed and is being addressed by many sectors of the community. However, these efforts
are not enough. The most effective way to stop bullying is by nurturing and inculcating good
manners and right conduct within families.

Independent Activity 1

Directions: Read the following statements. Write T if the statement is True and F if it is
False. Write your answer on the space before each number.

___1. Text structure is how information within a written text is organized.

___2. Comparing is all about differences.
___3. Contrasting is all about similarities.
___4. Spatial is also called description.
___5.Cause and effect explains reasons why something happened
___6. Chronological comes from the words “chrono” and “logic”
___7. Comparison and contrast is only about giving similarities.
___8. Chronological order is the arrangement of events beginning with a flashback.
___9. Description creates a picture in the mind of the readers.
___10. Chronological order can only be used in fiction.

Independent Assessment 1

Directions: Identify what is being described in the following statements. Write your answer
on the space before each item.

_______________ 1. This type of text examines the similarities and differences

between two or more people, concepts, ideas, etc.
_______________ 2. This type of structure sets up a problem or problems explains
solutions and then discusses the effects of the solution.
_______________ 3. This type of text structure features a detailed description of
something to give a reader a mental picture.
_______________ 4. It is the basic pattern of a story.
_______________ 5. Two words when combined means order of time.
_______________ 6. This word means order.
_______________ 7. This word means time.
_______________ 8. A text structure that explains reasons why something
happened.

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_______________ 9. It is organized by the time an event occurred.
_______________ 10. It refers how information was organized in a passage.

Independent Activity 2

Fill in the blanks.

Directions: Fill in the blanks inside the matrix with the correct information. Remember the
terms discussed in this module in order to answer this activity.

Text Structure Definition Signal words

1. _________________ It gives a reader a __________ No signal words, just

feature that creates a __________ the concrete
on his/her mind about a topic. description about the
topic.

It presents the __________ because, as a result,

2. Cause and Effect between specific events, resulted, caused,
__________, or __________ affected, since, due to,
effect.

3. Comparison and It gives the __________ and Like, unlike, both,

Contrast __________ between __________ neither,
or more people, events, concepts, similar, and different.
ideas, and the like.

Chrono means __________ and Words that indicate

4.__________________ logic means __________. order like first,
second, third, next,
after, end etc.

It mentions a problem or No specific signal

5.__________________ __________, identifies some words.
possible __________ and
discusses the effect of the solution.

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Independent Assessment 2

Directions: Read and analyze the paragraph in each number. Fill out the given graphic
organizers with the correct information based on the given paragraph.

1. Comparison and Contrast

Whales and sharks are animals that both live in water. They both have fins
and can swim underwater. However, whales have hairs and needs to come on the
surface of the water to breathe air while sharks have scales on their skin.
Aside from that, whales give birth to their young ones. Sharks on the other
hand lay eggs. They also have specialized gills that enable them to breathe
underwater.

1. Topic

Similarities Differences

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

2. Chronological Order

Khaiden was born in Bulacan until he was five years old. Next, he moved to
Makati City. He stayed there until he graduated Senior High School. Then he went
away to Manila to get his college diploma. He stayed there for six years until he
finished his course in engineering and passed his licensure examination. After
getting his license he went back to Bulacan and started his career as an engineer.
4
.

Title: Khaiden’s Life 3.

2.

1.

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3. Cause and Effect

Students are not allowed to have their cellular phones during classroom
discussion unless needed because it causes distraction and disable students to
concentrate in class. Furthermore, some students use phones to bully other students
by taking unnecessary pictures and videos.

Effect #1

Cause

Effect #2

4. Problem - Solution

There is an increasing nitrogen monoxide emission in the environment. This

contributes to global warming that leads to climate change that has a drastic effect in
our life. To prevent this, we are encouraged to use renewable source of energy such
as windmill and solar energy. In addition, communities were urged to recycle their
waste materials.

Solution
Problem:

Increasing Nitrogen
Solution
Monoxide

Independent Activity 3

Directions: Answer the questions after each passage. Write your answer on space
provided for.

1. Sinigang na Hipon is a type of Filipino sour soup where shrimp is the main ingredient. It
also includes radish, okra and eggplant. It is best served during cold season with a cup of
rice. Here is the procedure on how to cook sinigang na hipon. In a pot, boil 2-3cups of water,
then add radish, tomato, okra, eggplant, and onion. Continue to cook for 6-8 minutes. After
that, add the fresh shrimp. Make sure it is cleaned first before cooking. Let it boil until the
shrimp and vegetables are cooked. Lastly, add seasoning. Serve while it is hot.

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2
 a. What is the text structure used in the passage?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

b. What is the main idea of the passage?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

a. Is there any signal words that you have observed that lead you to your answer in
letter a? If there is any, cite them.
________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

2. Owl is one of the beautiful creatures that can be found here in the Philippines. Owl has a
forward facing eye and ear-holes, a hawk-like beak, a flat face, and usually a conspicuous
circle of feathers, a facial disc around each eye. Owls are far-sighted. They are unable to
clearly see anything near them. They can also rotate their heads and necks as much as
270°.
a. What is the text structure used in the passage?

________________________________________________________________

b. What is the main idea of the passage?

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

c. Is there any signal words that you have observed that lead you to your answer in
letter a? If there is any, cite them.
________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

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Independent Assessment 3

Directions: Among the types of text structure that you have learned, choose one structure
and write an academic text about modular learning that you are experiencing today. Write
your answer on the space below. Read the rubrics presented on the next page before you
answer this activity.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

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Scoring Rubrics:
5 4 3 2 1
Focus Excellently Strongly Clearly states Personal Personal
states a states a a personal opinion opinion about
personal personal opinion about about the the topic is
opinion opinion the topic. topic is not not easily
about the about the clearly understood.
topic topic. stated.
Organization Sentences Sentences Sentences Sentences Minimal or no
and and and and evidence of
paragraphs paragraphs paragraph paragraph sentence and
are are almost structure is structure is paragraph
complete, complete, generally not structure.
well written well written correct. consistent.
and varied. and varied.
Mechanics Contains no Contains Contains Contains Contains
spelling or few, spelling several errors many errors many errors
grammatical or that do not that meddle that make the
errors. grammatical meddle with with piece hard to
errors. meaning. meaning. understand.

Directions: Answer the following questions based on the lesson on Text Structure. Write
your answer on the space provided.

1. What is the simplest definition of text structure?

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

2. What are the different types of text structure? Identify them using the given meaning.

a. __________ - It gives a reader a detailed feature that creates a picture on his/her

mind about a topic.
b. __________ - It presents the relationship between specific events, ideas, or
concepts.
c. __________ - It gives the similarities and differences between two or more people,
events, concepts, ideas, and the like.
d. __________ - It explains a text by the time an event occurs.
e. __________ - It mentions a problem or problems, identifies some possible
solutions and discusses the effect of the solution.

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 3. What is the meaning of each type of text structure?

a. Chronological Order________________________________________________.

b. Problem – Solution______________________________________________.

c. Cause and Effect________________________________________________.

d. Comparison and Contrast_________________________________________.

e. Spatial or Description____________________________________________.

Directions: Write a five-sentence academic text about COVID-19. You may use any text
structure to discuss your thoughts about the topic. Read and follow the given rubrics below
before writing your topic.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

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Scoring Rubrics:

Criteria 5 4 3 2 1
Content Sequence of Sequence of Sequence of Sequence of Sequence of
information is information information is information is information
logical, well is logical and somewhat difficult to doesn’t
ordered and easy to disorganized follow makes sense
makes sense follow.
Work has no Work has 1- Work has 3- Work has 4 Work has 5 or
Grammar grammatical 2 grammatical grammatical more
error. grammatical errors. errors. grammatical
errors. errors.

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on the space before
each number.

_______ 1. This type of text structure features a detailed description of someone or

something to give the reader a mental picture.
a. cause and effect
b. spatial/description
c. problem – solution

_______ 2. The following are signal words for comparing EXCEPT:

a. both
b. but
c. similarly

_______ 3. The following are signal words for contrasting EXCEPT:

a. similarly
b. but
c. unlike

_______ 4. The following are signal words for chronological order EXCEPT:
a. first, second, third…
b. begin, next, last…
c. like, unlike, both…

_______ 5. This structure presents the causal relationship between a specific event,
idea, or concept.
a. cause and effect
b. spatial/description
c. problem – solution

16
_______ 6. This type of text examines the similarities and differences between two or
more people, concepts, ideas, etc.
a. cause and effect
b. spatial/description
c. comparison and contrast

_______ 7. This type of text structure is highly dependent on time of occurrence.

a. cause and effect
b. spatial/description
c. chronological order

_______ 8. This type of structure sets up a problem or problems, explains solutions and
then discussed the effects of the solution.
a. cause and effect
b. spatial/description
c. problem – solution

_______ 9. It is organized by the time an event occurred.

a. chronological order
b. spatial/description
c. problem – solution

_______ 10. It is how information is organized in a passage.

a. descriptive structure
b. academic structure
c. text structure

_______ 11. What kind of description should be used in describing specific events,
persons or places in spatial/description text structure?
a. vague
b. vivid
c. non realistic

_______ 12. This word means “order”.

a. chrono
b. logic
c. chronology

_______ 13 This word means “time”.

a. chrono
b. logic
c. chronology

_______ 14. The following words can be used as signal word in cause and effect text
structure EXCEPT:
a. due to
b. because
c. meanwhile

17
_______ 15. It is the basic pattern of a story.
a. end-middle-beginning
b. beginning-middle-end
c. middle-beginning-end

Directions: Search for two sample paragraphs for the text structure of your choice. Identify
the main idea and underline signal words that you have found in each paragraph. Write your
answers on the space provided for. Kindly follow the given rubrics below before doing your
activity.

Paragraph 1: ______________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2: ______________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

Scoring Rubrics:
5 4 3 2 1
The sample The sample The sample The sample The sample does
excellently clearly shows clearly shows somewhat not show a type of
shows the type the type of text the type of shows the type text structure, the
of text structure, structure, the text structure, of text structure, main idea is not
the main idea is main idea is the main idea the main idea is identified and no
identified and all identified but 1 is identified not identified signal words were
the signal words signal word but 2 signal and 3 signal underlined.
are underlined. was not words are not words are not
underlined. underlined. underlined.

18
 19
A. What I Need to Know
B. What I Know
1. c 6. c 11. a
2. b 7. c 12. c
3. c 8. b 13. b
4. a 9. b 14. a
5. a 10. b 15. b
C. What’s In
1. E
2. B
3. C
4. D
5. A
D. What’s New
1. D
2. E
3. A
4. B
5. C
Independent Activity 1
1. T 6. T
2. F 7. F
3. F 8. F
4. T 9. T
5. T 10. F
Independent Assessment 1
1. comparison and contrast .
2. problem - solution
3. spatial/description
4. beginning – middle - end
5. chrono and logic
6. logic
7. chrono
8. cause and effect
9. chronological order
10. text structure
 17
20
Independent Activity 2
Text Structure Definition Signal words
1. Spatial or Description It gives a reader a detailed feature No signal words, just
that creates a picture on his/her the concrete description
mind about a topic. about the topic.
It presents the relationships because, as a result,
2. Cause and Effect between specific events, ideas, or resulted, caused,
concepts. affected, since, due to,
effect.
3. Comparison and It gives the similarities and Like, unlike, both,
Contrast differences between two or more neither,
people, events, concepts, ideas, similar, and different.
and the like.
Chrono means time and logic Words that indicate
4. Chronological Order means order. order like first, second,
third, next, after, end
etc.
It mentions a problem or problems, No specific signal
5.Problem - Solution identifies some possible solutions words.
and discusses the effect of the
solution.
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Independent Assessment 2
1. Comparison and Contrast
1. Whales and Sharks
Possible Answers
Similarities Differences
1. Both live in water. 1. Whales give birth while shark lay eggs.
2. Both have fins. 2. Sharks have scales while whales have hairs.
3. Both can swim underwater.
2. Chronological Order
4. He went back to Bulacan to start his engineering career.
3. He stayed in Manila to finish his courseand pass his licensure examination.
2. He moved to Makati City.
1. Khaiden was born in Bulacan until he was five years old.
3. Cause and Effect
Possible Answers
Effects Cause
It causes distraction. Not allowing students to use their cellular phones
during classroom discussion.
Disable students to concentrate in class.
Other students use phones to bully others.
4. Problem – Solution
Solutions:
1. Use renewable source of energy.
2. Recycle waste materials.
Independent Activity 3
1. a. Chronological Order
b. How to cook Sinigang na Hipon
c. yes, then, and, lastly
2. a. About an Owl
b. Description about an owl
c. yes, the different words given to describe an owl.
Independent Assessment 3
(Answers may vary)
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What I have Learned
1. Text structure refers to how the information within a written text is organized.
2. a. Spatial/Description
b. Cause and Effect
c. Comparison and Contrast
d. Chronological Order
e. Problem – Solution
3. a. Chronological Order - Organized by the time an event occurred.
b. Problem – Solution - Explains solution and discussed the effects of solution.
c. Cause and Effect - Presents causal relationship between a specific event, idea or concept.
d. Comparison and Contrast - This type of text examines similarities and differences between two or more
people, events, concepts, ideas.
e. Spatial/Description - Features detailed description of something.
What I Can Do
(Answers may vary)
Assessment
1. b
2. b
3. a
4. c
5. a
6. c
7. c
8. c
9. a
10. c
11. b
12.b
13. a
14. c
15. b
Additional Activity
(Answers may vary)
References

“Cause and Effect Text Structure.” E Reading Worksheet, Accessed July 28, 2020.
https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/text-structure/patterns-of-
organization/cause-and-effect/)
“Chronological Order Text Structure.” E Reading Worksheet, Accessed July 28,
2020. https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/text-structure/patterns-of-
organization/chronological-order/)
“Compare and Contrast Text Structure.” E Reading Worksheet, Accessed July 28,
2020. https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/text-structure/patterns-of-
organization/compare-andcontrast/.
“Owl Facts and Information.” Owl Worlds, Accessed July 28,2020.
https://www.owlworlds.com/.
recipe/
“Problem-Solution Text Structure.” E Reading Worksheet, Accessed July 28, 2020.
https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/text-structure/patterns-of-
organization/problem-solution/).
“Sinigang na Hipon Recipe.” Panlasang Pinoy, Accessed July 29,2020.
https://panlasangpinoy.com/filipino-sour-shrimp-soup-sinigang-na-hipon-
“Text Structure.” Accessed July 28, 2020. https://www.ereadingworksheets.com/text-
structure/
“Text Structure Strategies.” Adolescent Literacy, Accessed July 28, 2020.
http://www.adlit.org/strategies/23336/

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan

Email Address:lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph