Practice Problem –Set 2 Probability Fall 2021

Assignment Ex. Sec title/ Page # Problems (15)

Chapter 3 Sec3.1 Sample space, events 13,19,27
Lecture 3 Sec 3.2 Counting
Sec 3.3 Probability
Lecture 4 Sec 3.4 the Axioms of probability 44,49
Sec 3.5 Some Elementary Theorems
Lecture 5 3.6 Conditional Probability 58,61, 67, 75
3.7 Bayes’ Theorem
Review Ex 83, 84, 89, 92, 95, 98

Tutorial Ex.
1. Show that :

a) 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) ≤ 𝑃(𝐴) + 𝑃(𝐵) − 1

b) P( A  B | C )  P( A | C )  P ( B | C )  P ( A  B | C )
c) 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 𝐶 |𝐶) = 𝑃(𝐴|𝐶) − 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵|𝐶)
𝑃(𝐴|𝐵 ) 𝑃(𝐴)
d) 𝑃(𝐵|𝐴) = 𝑃(𝐵)

2. If P(A|B) > P(A) , prove that 𝑃(𝐴𝑐 |𝐵) < 𝑃(𝐴𝑐 )

3. Let 𝑃(𝐴) = 0.7 , 𝑃(𝐵) = 0.4 , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 0.2 .

Find 𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵|𝐵 𝑐 ) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑃((𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)𝑐 |𝐴)

1 2
4. A and B are two events with 𝑃(𝐴) = 2 and 𝑃(𝐵) = 3. Can A and B be two mutually
exclusive events? Why?

5. In a community of 12 men and 8 women, a sample of 5 individuals is randomly

selected. What is the probability that the sample has more women than men?

6. A box contains 15 non-defective items and 3 defective items, take two items one after
the other without replacement, Find the probability that the first item is defective given that
the second one is non-defective.

7. The data from 200 machined parts are summarized as follows:

above-target bore depth below-target bore depth
coarse edge condition 15 10
moderate edge condition 25 20
smooth edge condition 50 80
Practice Problem –Set 2 Probability Fall 2021

a. What is the probability that a part selected has a moderate edge condition or
below target bore depth?
b. What is the probability that a part selected does not have neither moderate
edge condition nor a below target bore depth?

8. If the events B and C are disjoint , prove that for any other event A

𝑃(𝐴|𝐵)𝑃(𝐵)+𝑃(𝐴|𝐶 )𝑃(𝐶)
9. 𝑃(𝐴|𝐵 ∪ 𝐶) = 𝑃(𝐵)+𝑃(𝐶)
10. Let P ( A)  0.45, P( B )  0.25 & P(C )  0.3 , A & B & C are mutual disjoint and if
P ( A  D)  0.2, P( D | B)  0.3 & P( D | C )  0.1
Find 𝑃(𝐷|𝐴), 𝑃(𝐷)&𝑃(𝐶|𝐷)

11. A shipment contain 50 personal computers PC, 5 of which are defective. Three PCs
are to be selected at random one after the other, without replacement. Find the
probability that:
a) The first two will be non-defective and the 3rd will be Defective.
b) At most two of the selected PCs will be defective.