Cambridge Assessment International Education

Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

* 2 1 9 7 4 4 2 1 3 6 *

COMBINED SCIENCE 0653/31

Paper 3 (Core) May/June 2019
1 hour 15 minutes
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
No Additional Materials are required.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Answer all questions.

Electronic calculators may be used.
You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.
A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 20.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

This document consists of 19 printed pages and 1 blank page.

DC (ST/CT) 174118/3
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1 (a) Plants make their own food in leaves by the process of photosynthesis.

Fig. 1.1 shows a cross-section of a leaf.

Fig. 1.1

Name cell parts A, B and C shown in Fig. 1.1.

A ...............................................................................................................................................

B ...............................................................................................................................................

C ...............................................................................................................................................
[3]

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(b) Fig. 1.2 shows a cross-section of the central structure of a leaf, known as the midrib.

The vascular bundle is shown in the middle of the midrib in Fig. 1.2.

vascular bundle

Fig. 1.2

(i) On Fig. 1.2 use a label line and the letter X to label any part of the xylem. [1]

(ii) On Fig. 1.2 use a label line and the letter P to label any part of the phloem. [1]

(iii) State the function of the phloem.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Glucose and oxygen are produced by cells in the leaves during photosynthesis.

Plant cells can use these products to carry out respiration.

Complete the word equation for respiration.

glucose + oxygen +

[1]

(d) State two uses for the energy released by respiration in the bodies of humans.

1. ...............................................................................................................................................

2. ...............................................................................................................................................
[2]

[Total: 9]

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2 (a) The composition of clean air is shown in Fig. 2.1.

other gases

gas X

gas Y

Fig. 2.1

Methane, carbon dioxide and water vapour are three of the other gases.

Identify gas X and gas Y.

gas X ........................................................................................................................................

gas Y ........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) Methane is the main constituent of a fossil fuel.

(i) Name this fossil fuel.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State the formula of methane. [1]

.................................

(iii) State the name of the group of saturated hydrocarbons that includes methane.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iv) Identify the products of the complete combustion of methane.

............................................................... and ............................................................... [1]

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(c) Compound X contains only calcium, carbon and oxygen.

When it is heated it decomposes to form carbon dioxide and calcium oxide.

Identify compound X.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(d) Describe a chemical test for water and state the result that shows the presence of water.

test ............................................................................................................................................

result .........................................................................................................................................
[2]

[Total: 9]

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3 Fig. 3.1 shows a whale swimming underwater.

Fig. 3.1

(a) (i) The force arrows labelled P and Q show the vertical forces acting on the whale.

Name force Q.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) The whale is swimming at constant depth, using a force R to push itself forward.

On Fig. 3.1 draw a force arrow to show the frictional force opposing the motion of the
whale, and label it S. [1]

(iii) When force R is 500 N, the whale moves at a constant speed of 5.0 km / h.

State the value of force S.

force S = ...................................................... N [1]

(iv) Force R decreases to 400 N. Force P increases.

Describe how these two changes affect the motion of the whale.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

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(b) The whale does work against the friction of the water as it swims at a constant speed and a
constant depth on a journey.

(i) State the two quantities needed to calculate the work done by the whale on its journey.

............................................................... and ............................................................... [2]

(ii) Complete the sequence of energy changes that occur on the whale’s journey.

............................................................... energy in the whale

to ............................................................... energy of the whale

thermal
to ............................................................... energy transferred to the water.
[2]

(c) The whale makes a sound to call to another whale 9000 m away.

The second whale hears the call 6.0 seconds later.

Calculate the speed of sound in water.

Show your working.

speed = .................................................. m / s [2]

[Total: 11]

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4 (a) Fig. 4.1 is a diagram of the male reproductive system.

Fig. 4.1

Complete Table 4.1 to show the names and the functions of parts A, B, C and D shown in
Fig. 4.1.

Table 4.1

letter of
name of part function
structure

A sperm duct

B carries urine and semen out of the body

C production of male gametes (sperm)

D scrotum

[4]

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(b) Fig. 4.2 shows the changes to the thickness of the uterus lining during the menstrual cycle.

thickness of
uterus lining

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
time / days

Fig. 4.2

(i) State what happens to the uterus lining during the first five days.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Use Fig. 4.2 to determine the number of days in a complete menstrual cycle.

number of days = ......................................................... [1]

(iii) Suggest why the uterus lining becomes thicker between days 7 and 30.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Describe the process of fertilisation of a sperm cell and an egg cell.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 9]

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5 A student investigates the reactivities of four metals, calcium, magnesium, tin and zinc.

She reacts 1 g pieces of each metal separately with excess dilute hydrochloric acid.

She collects and measures the gas from each reaction using a measuring cylinder, as shown in
Fig. 5.1.

gas
measuring
cylinder

excess dilute
hydrochloric acid
metal

Fig. 5.1

The time taken to collect 20 cm3 of gas in each experiment is recorded in Table 5.1.

Table 5.1

metal time taken / s

calcium 20
magnesium 55
tin more than 300
zinc 100

(a) (i) Deduce the order of reactivity of the four metals, calcium, magnesium, tin and zinc, from
most reactive to least reactive.

........................................... most reactive

...........................................

...........................................

........................................... least reactive

[2]

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(ii) Suggest two changes that can be made to increase the rate of reaction of a metal with
hydrochloric acid.

1. .......................................................................................................................................

2. .......................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) (i) Identify the gas produced when zinc reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Fig. 5.2 shows some gases and tests for gases.

The boxes on the left show the gases. The boxes on the right show the tests.

gas test

ammonia glowing splint

carbon dioxide damp red litmus paper

oxygen limewater

Fig. 5.2

On Fig. 5.2 draw one line from each gas to the test used for the gas. [2]

(c) The four metals, calcium, magnesium, tin and zinc, have high melting points and high boiling
points.

Suggest two other physical properties of these metals.

1. ...............................................................................................................................................

2. ...............................................................................................................................................
[2]

[Total: 9]

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6 Fig. 6.1 shows an electrical device used in kitchens to kill insects. Insects can spread disease by
contaminating food.

fluorescent tubes grid of fine wires

in front of the
fluorescent tubes
safety grille
consisting of
closely spaced
metal rods

Fig. 6.1

The device is connected to the electricity supply.

(a) The two fluorescent tubes emit both visible light and ultraviolet radiation. This attracts insects
to the device.

(i) Fig. 6.2 shows an incomplete electromagnetic spectrum.

micro-
X-rays radio waves
waves

Fig. 6.2

On Fig. 6.2 place visible light and ultraviolet radiation in their correct boxes in the
spectrum. [2]

(ii) The level of ultraviolet radiation emitted by the device is kept as low as possible when
the device is used where people are present.

Explain why this precaution is needed.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

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(b) Fig. 6.1 shows a grid of fine wires in front of the two fluorescent tubes. The insects have to fly
between the wires as they go towards the light.

A potential difference of 2000 V exists between each pair of wires.

When an insect touches a pair of wires, an electrical circuit is completed. An electric current
flows through the insect.

(i) State what is meant by electric current.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) The current in the wires when an insect touches them and completes the circuit is 0.5 A.

Calculate the resistance of the insect.

Show your working and state the unit of your answer.

resistance = .......................... unit .................... [3]

(c) Suggest one safety hazard when operating any electrical device in a kitchen.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 9]

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7 (a) Cell membranes are partially permeable. They allow small molecules to pass through by
diffusion, but not large molecules.

Underline one molecule from the list of molecules which can diffuse across a cell membrane.

cellulose fat glycogen oxygen protein

[1]

(b) Fig. 7.1 shows a bag which acts like a cell membrane. It is partially permeable.

The bag contains a mixture of glucose and starch solutions. The bag is placed in a beaker of
water.

glass rod

partially permeable bag

bag tied tightly glucose and starch solutions

with string

water
beaker

Fig. 7.1

After 30 minutes the water in the beaker is tested for starch and glucose.

The results of these tests are shown in Table 7.1.

Table 7.1

final colour of
test solution molecule tested for result
test solution

iodine solution starch negative

Benedict’s solution glucose positive

(i) Complete Table 7.1 with the final colour of the test solutions. [2]

(ii) State where the starch molecules are at the end of the experiment.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(iii) Describe what has happened to the glucose molecules during the experiment.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(iv) Use the information in Table 7.1 to compare the sizes of the glucose molecule and the
starch molecule.

Explain your answer.

sizes of molecules .............................................................................................................

explanation ........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(c) The plasma is the component of blood which carries soluble nutrients around the body.

Name one other substance that is transported by the plasma.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 9]

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8 (a) An atom of aluminium is represented by the symbol:

27
13 Al
State the number of protons and the number of neutrons in this atom.

protons .................................................

neutrons ..................................................
[2]

(b) Aluminium is extracted from aluminium oxide.

Aluminium oxide is obtained from the ore bauxite.

(i) State the method of extraction used.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State the type of bonding in aluminium oxide.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Suggest one reason, other than cost, why aluminium is recycled.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) Copper forms coloured compounds, but aluminium does not.

Explain this observation.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(d) Copper is extracted from copper oxide by heating with a non-metallic element.

(i) Name this non-metallic element.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State whether the copper oxide is oxidised or reduced during this process.

Explain your answer.

copper oxide is ..................................................................................................................

explanation ........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[1]

[Total: 8]

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9 Fig. 9.1 shows a laboratory water-bath used to keep experiments at a constant temperature.

heating
element

Fig. 9.1

The water is heated by an electric heating element at the bottom of the water-bath.

Fig. 9.2 shows the structure inside the tube of the heating element.

powder filling
metal tube

resistance wire
heating coil

Fig. 9.2

(a) The water-bath is filled with cold water at 10 °C. The heating element is turned on to heat the
water to 40 °C.

(i) State the electrical property that the powder surrounding the hot resistance wire should
have.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Explain why the powder filling must be a good thermal conductor.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(iii) Describe how the thermal energy is transferred by the water to raise the water
temperature to 40 °C.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) The electrical circuit in the water-bath contains a switch, a heater and a fuse.

(i) On Fig. 9.3 complete the circuit diagram for the water-bath, including the symbols for a
switch and a fuse.

240 V

heater

Fig. 9.3
[2]

(ii) The current through the heater when switched on is 3 A. A 5 A fuse is used in the circuit.

Explain why a 3 A fuse would not be suitable for use in this circuit.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 7]

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 The Periodic Table of Elements

© UCLES 2019
Group
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
1 2

H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10

Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
20

85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

0653/31/M/J/19
lanthanoids
Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116
actinoids
Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Fl Lv
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium flerovium livermorium
– – – – – – – – – – – – –

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).