PE 3 – PRELIMS ETHNIC DANCE FOLK DANCE

 Non-Christian  Geographical
LESSON 1 – NATURE OF DANCES (Pagan and locations, nature
Muslim) of dance
DANCE  Any dance  Dance developed
 Comes from an old German word “Danson” form which by people that
which means to stretch can be reflect the life of
identified as people of a
 It is the movement that transcends function
originating certain country or
and becomes communication with an ethnic region.
 An expression of the body. Following culture and  Something that is
rhythmic patterns and is accompanied by expressing created and
music movement performed by a
 An art that uses non-verbal movement in an aesthetics of group of same
ordinary way to create a from, order or that culture cultural
statement  Denote the background or
 From the primitive man expressing emotions general body way of life.
such as events as birth, death, marriage, war of all dances  Do not

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of ethnic necessarily have

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among other things, dance has evolved to
minorities in the same ethnicity

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modern forms of social dancing.
any given (although they

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 It differs from athletics or other daily nation may), but same
activities because it focuses primarily on ‘an

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 Dance based similar
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aesthetic or even entertaining experience’ on the socialization
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(Myers, 2005). ethnicity and qualities
 Provided a variety of functions throughout may only be  Traditional dance
history due to its multidimensional. performed by that expresses the
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 Although there have been immense members of thoughts, ideas,

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comparative differences in period and that ethnicity and feelings of a

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culture, people still dance mainly for four group of people in

reasons: Classified connection with
into two everyday
o To please the gods to please others;
major activities and
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o To please themselves or self-

categories: experiences of the
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expression; and  The dances of people who

o To build a community within an non- developed.
ethnic group or social interaction Christian  Classified
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Filipinos are according to

FORMS OF DANCE made up of geographical
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 TRADITIONAL DANCES the Pagan locations and the

o Dances of indigenous communities groups and nature of dances.
that show cultural traits of people in the Muslim  Accdg, to
groups
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specific time and place, customs and GEOHRAPHIC

traditions, through dance steps and  The dances of AL
costumes are preserved in traditional Christian LOCATIOONS,
and lowland folk danaces can
dance.
Filipinos, be National
o These dances are handed down from
some of dances (dance
generation to generation with fixed which are swith common
sets or patterns. comprised of basic movements,
savage and with slight
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 vigorous or vibrations) or elements like contact-release, floor
light-hearted Local/Regional work, fall or recovery, and
 other forms (Dances that have improvisation. Just like a Picasso is
have neither a unique to different than a Monet, modern dance
music nor certain localities is different than ballet.
melodic only) o Is codified
accompanime  According to o There are specific modern dance
nt. Some NATURE OF
techniques (i.e. Graham, Limon,
examples are DANCE, folk
Horton, etc.) that are unique to
the dances of dances can be
the Aetas and occupational, themselves but have many underlying
that of courtship, similarities and themes
Muslims. wedding, festival, o The pioneers of modern dance wanted
war, comic, game to break away from traditional ballet
and social dances. and were mostly female (a radical
change).
o SALIP o The modern dance movement was
 The Kalinga wedding ritual, followed by the postmodern dance

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movement in the 50s and 60s which

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to be particular, is a dance
wherein a bride is offered aimed to break away from the

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protection and comfort by the compositional constraints of modern.
groom. o It included the use of chance and

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 Man tries to show his love by improvisation.
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imitating the movement of a o Contemporary dance is slightly more
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rooster vague and broad term; it means
 Bride’s friends prepare different things to different people
“bangas”; earthen pots, that o Many
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dancers in the
commercial/competition world refer
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contain fresh water from the

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mountain spring to offer to the to their contemporary jazz as

groom contemporary, however, the convert
world sees contemporary differently.
o CAIRIÑOSA T can be used to describe any dancing
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 Philippine dance of colonial that is new, different, or untraditional.

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era origin from the Maria It can include elements of many kinds
Clara Suite of Philippine Folk of dance including non-western dance
Dances forms
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 Where the fan or handkerchief  CONTEMPORARY DANCE – style of

plays an instrumental role as it
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expressive dance that combines elements of

places the couples in romance several dance genres including modern, jazz,
scenario and classical ballet. It incorporates the strong
legwork and balance of ballet and the trunk
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MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY DANCE movements of modern dance.

 MODERN DANCE – is a development that o Contemporary dance isn’t all that
is less forma than a classical ballet. It is often contemporary
considered to have emerged. As a rejection of o It all began at the start of the 20th
or rebellion against, classical ballet. century, when American dancer
o Modern dance is a specific style of Isadora Duncan (1878-1927) left the
dance that is free form and stems from codified school of ballet in favour of
the core or torso of the body, and uses
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 developing a more fluid method of The term ballroom dancing is derived from
dancing the word ball; which in turn originates from
o She cited the ocean as the spring of the Latin world ballare; which means to
inspiration for her personal style of dance (a ballroom being a large room
movement, and believed the solar especially designed for such dances)
plexus was the source of all  In times past, ballroom dancing was social
movement-putting full faith in a dancing for the privileged, leaving folk
cluster of nerves in the upper middle dancing for the lower classes.
region of the abdomen and the 120  RECREATIONAL BALLROOM
muscles that support the spine. DANCE
o Alongside impulsive changes in  COMPETITIVE BALLROOM DANCE
rhythm, speed and direction, __________________________________________
contemporary dance combines the
strict legwork of ballet with the torso CHEER DANCE
and floor work of modern dance  A combination of cheering and dancing
o There are many styles within the  Components include the mandatory cheer as
genre well as a number of gymnastic or acrobatic

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o Today, it is only closely linked to moves such as cartwheels and back hand

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musicality of rock and roll, hip hop, springs

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electro and jazz – though only the  The purpose of cheer dance is usually to

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latter was around at its inception motivate sports teams, entertain audience, or

o.
o Breaking the conventional style of the actual competition
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dance, contemporary focuses on the  Cheer dancing is rooted in cheer leading;
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freedom of movement. which developed in the United States of
o When performing, dancers focus on America
 Philippines has had developed cheer dancing
o

connecting their mind and body

through fluid dance moves  Cheer dancing at all levels has always been
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o This allow dances to explore the opening salvo for intramurals on

emotions and use their natural energy campuses in the Philippines
to portray personal expression in their  The difference between cheer leading and
dance techniques cheer dancing is that
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__________________________________________ o Cheer Leading has its foundation in

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gymnastics
BALLROOM DANCE o Cheer Dance its foundation lies in
 Comprises of a number of different dances the choreography where ballet seems
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 Two categories: AMERICAN STYLE; to be its foundation

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smooth ad rhythm and INTERNATIONAL __________________________________________

STYLE; called standard and Latin.
HIP-HOP/STREET DANCE
 For the most part, the most part, the standard
 Its roots traced to New York, from the
and smooth categories contain the same
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African American and Latino American

dances and the Latin and Rhythm categories
communities.
contain basically the same dances.
 Usually associated with rap music, a form of
 As a variety of social dances performed by
chanting or poetry delivered at the speed of
couples in which there is a conventional
16-bar measures (time frame)
pattern of steps
 The term hip-hop refers to a complex culture
 Also known as social dance because it
compromising four elements
encourages social interaction between dance
partners o Deejaying or Turntabling
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 o Rapping Dance comes from different forms. All dance styles
 also known as ‘Mcing’ or are not alike and they distinctive. They are
‘Rhyming’ considered an art form and may be showcased in
o Graffiti competitions. Folk dance, ballet, and modern dance
 also known as ‘Graf’ or are those we see performed for theatrical and
‘writing’ entertainment purposes, while cheer dance,
o B-Boying dancesport, and street dance are mostly seen in
 Encompasses hip-hop dance, competitions
style, and attitude along with
the sort of virile body _________________________________________
language that Cornel West
described as “Postural LESSON 2 – DANCE FUNDAMENTALS.
Semantics” (A fifth element -
knowledge of FUNDAMENTAL DANCE POSITIONS
self/consciousness) is  There are five fundamental or basic positions
sometimes added to the list of in dance that are commonly termed as: 1st
hip-hop elements particularly position, 2nd position, 3rd position, 4th

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by socially conscious hip-hop position, and 5th position of the feet and arms

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artists and scholars  ARMS

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__________________________________________ o 1ST POSITION – both arms raised in
a circle in front of chest with the

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FESTIVAL DANCE
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 Seen during celebrations or fiestas, usually
finger tips about an inch apart
o 2ND POSITION – both arms raised
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festival dances celebrate good harvest or side ward with a graceful curve at
good fortune; an event ordinarily celebrated shoulder level
o

by a community and centre on some o 3RD POSITION – one arm raised side
ward as in 2nd position; other arm
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characteristic aspect of that community and

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its religion or cultures raised upward

 Area cultural dances performed to the strong o 4TH POSITION – one arm raised in
beats of percussion instruments by a front as in 1st position; other arm
community of people sharing the same raised overhead
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culture usually done in honor of a patron o 5TH POSITION – both arms raised
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saint or as a thanksgiving for a bountiful overhead

harvest  FEET
o 1ST POSITION – heels close
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TWO TYPES OF FESTIVAL DANCE together, toes apart with an angle

 Religious Festival
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about 45 degrees
o Festivals dedicated to patrons, Gods, o 2ND POSITION – feet apart side
saints, and other related to any ward of about a pace distance
religion o 3RD POSITION – heel of one foot
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 Secular Festival close to in-step of other foot

o Is opposite of religious festival; o 4TH POSITION – one foot in front of
maybe a celebration of people’s other food of a pace distance
industry and bountiful harvest o 5TH POSITION – heel of front foot
close to big toe of rear foot

__________________________________________
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 LESSON 3 – ELEMENTS
FUNDAMENTAL RYHTM
THE LANGUAGE OF DANCE
 ELEMENTS
o Bodily Shape – refers to how the
entire body is molded in space or in
the configuration of body parts. The
body can be rounded, angular, or a
combination of two. Other body
shapes can be from wide to narrow
and from high to low. They can be
symmetrical or asymmetrical
 Symmetrical – balanced
shape, movements are
practically identical or similar
on both sides
 Asymmetrical – unbalanced
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shape, movements of the two
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sides of the body do not math
or completely different from
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each other
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o Energy – (force) degree of muscular
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tension and ue of energy while
moving. (Involves the flow of motion
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– how movements are animated by
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kinetic energy in distinctive ways)
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 Dynamics – how a movement
is done
 Flow – continuity of
movement (bound/free
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flowing)
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 Weight – strength (force)
lightness of movement
(heavy/light)
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o Time – the relationship of one
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movement or part of a movement to
another. Includes pulse, speed (or
tempo), duration, rhythm, and phrases
(includes how fast or slows of the
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movement)
o Space – the area of space occupied by
the dancer’s body; includes direction,
size, pathways, levels and shapes
(encompasses the overall design of
movement – where it takes place in
the space, as well as its size and
shape)
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OF DANCE 
Direction – which way a
dancer faces or moves; e.g.,
forward, backward, sideways,
up and down
 Size – magnitude of a body
shape or movement; from
small to large movements
 Pathways – patterns made as
a dancer moves through the
air or on the floor (straight,
vertical, horizontal, zig-zag);
can be made with locomotor
or non-locomotor
movements, separately or in
combination
 Levels – the vertical distance
from the floor. Movements
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take place on three levels:
high, middle or low and deep.

CHOREOGRAPHIC FORMS
Choreography is the art of arranging dances
o Theme – the basic idea of the play,
which the author dramatizes through
the conflict of characters
o Rondo – dance structure with three or
more themes where one theme is
repeated. ABACAD
o Narrative – choreographic structure
that follows a specific story line to
convey specific information through
a dance
o Variations – contrasts in the use of
the dance elements
__________________________________________
Is there anything else I should know?
 Dance allows the dancer or choreographer to
communicate their ideas, thoughts, and
feelings through movement. These
movements are structures and repeatable, in
that they can be taught to others
 The fundamental rhythm program activities
through it sets the basis for rhythmic
movement in all forms of dances stress on
fundamental skills done in rhythm. It centers
on locomotor, non-locomotor or axial
 movements and manipulative skills, with
most attention given to the locomotor types.
 The general purpose of a program of
fundamental rhythms is to provide a variety
of fundamental movement experiences, so
the child can move effectively and
efficiently and develop a sense of rhythm
in connection with these movements
 The skills in a fundamental rhythm program
are important: in setting the basics for the
more precise dance skills of folk, social, and
creative dances. It is also related to effective
movement in all forms of living

How is dance created?

 Dances are created by combining locomotor
and non-locomotor movements

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 A dance, is like a book, has a beginning, a

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middle and an end.

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All dance movements can be labeled as locomotor

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or non-locomotor
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 Non-locomotor
o Movement that do not chance
location
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o Used when they stay in one place but

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bend, stretch, twist or swing their

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body
 Locomotor
o Movements that travel
o May walk, run, skip, hop, jump, slide,
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leap, or gallop
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o May be high (possible indicating

joy). Medium, or low (possible
indicating sadness.)
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