OBJECTIVE

1) To determine the penetration value of bitumen and the consistency of the bitumen sample.

2) To assess the suitability of bitumen for use under different climatic conditions and various
types of construction.
 QUESTION

1) What are the actual purpose of penetration test?

To obtain the value as a measure of consistency of penetration bitumen.

2) What does it mean by bituminous grade 80/100?

Bitumen 80/100 grade bitumen having the qualities of adhesion, the nature of both the
cement and water-resistant properties.

3) State the importance of this test.

The importance of this test is so that it can determine the hardness of bitumen and also
classify the bitumen as according to the infiltration.

4) Which is the better condition? Higher value of penetration or lower value?

In warmer regions, lower penetration grades are preferred to avoid softening whereas
higher penetration grades like 180/200 are used in colder regions to prevent the
occurrence of excessive brittleness. High penetration grade is used in spray application
works. So, the better used is lower value of penetration.
 DISCUSSION

Based from the result that were obtain from the test, it is found out that the
uniformity of temperature of the bituminous sample are not uniform which are then lead to the
result obtain are not as predicted it will be. This is because the temperature of the bituminous
sample are in range of 23˚C where it was supposed to maintain at 25˚C. The result obtain are not
satisfied because the temperature are low which have causing the bitumen sample to freeze faster
than it should be. Next is the bitumen sample maybe are overheated and the sample used are not
in a good condition and also this factor will lead to the unpredictable result obtain. The result that
we obtain form the test for sample one is 71.2% while the 2nd sample was 61.6%. The both result
are nearly to 80% but are can’t be classify according to types of pavement for 80% penetration
value. Therefore, this type of bitumen sample are suitable to be used for Cold climate places,
road on hills.
 CONCLUSION

The conclusion that we got from the experiment is that the uniformity of the
bituminous sample temperature are important while running the experiment so that the result
acquired are accurate and satisfied according to data. The both result that are obtain are 60-80
penetration value which are then be classify to its type of pavement. Therefore the sample used
can be accepted. Precaution steps are required to be taken while conducting the experiment so
that it will not affect the result later. The needle needed to be cleaned with benzene and been
wiped till it dried for each sample and every penetration that are being done. The temperature
also need to be maintained at 25˚C for one hour so that the sample can be tested with accurately.
The needle also need to be on top of the surface of the sample and can’t be moved in order to get
the best result. Five times penetration are done so that to acquire the average data of the sample.
 REFERENCES

1) INTERNET
- http://www.engineeringcivil.com/determining-penetration-of-bitumen.html
- http://theconstructor.org/building/building-material/penetration-value-of-
bitumen/1403/

2) BOOKS
- Highway laboratory, Civil Engineering Department, Sultan Azlan Shah Polytechnic
(labsheet)
- Textbook of Highway Engineering, R Srinivasa Kumar