Collocations/Expressions

A C o m p le t e t h e b la n k s w it h t h e v e r b s leave, put, set o r shake.

1
___________ a stop to sth 4
___________ hands with sb 7 pressure on sb
2
___________ fire to sth 5
___________ a m essa g e 8 foot in
3
___________ an e x a m ple 6
___________ the ta ble 9 t he alarm clock

B R e a d t h e s e n t e n c e s a n d c o m p le t e t h e m w it h t h e c o r r e c t f o r m o f t h e v e r b s put, set o r shake.

101 The u niversity h a s____________ . v e r y high sta n d a rd s to a ttract the best students.
112 D o n't________________ th e b la m e on him. H e’s not the one respo nsible for th e accident.
123 J e r r y ________________ his h e a d in disa p p oint m e nt.
134 She loved the house the minut e s h e ________________ e y e s o n it.
145 Ia n ________________ a lot of e ff o rt in to repairing t hat old car.
156 Mrs Smith . her children th e ta s k of clearing out th e attic.
16
7 Aft er ye ars of i m prison m ent, th e man w ho had wro n g f ully been accuse d of t he ro b b ery was f i n a lly______ fre e.
17
8 T h ey h ave a n n o u nce d th eir e n g a g e m e n t but t h ey h a v e n't________________ a d a te for th eir w e d din g yet.

C C o m p le t e t h e b la n k s w it h t h e v e r b s m is s , o r lo s e .

18 . interest in 23 . a class 28 .c o n t a ct 33 . p atie nce

19 a co m p etition 24 . w ei g h t 29 .co n tr ol (o ve r) 34 .a n o p p ort u nity
20 . a ch a nce 25 . one's job 30 . one's te m p er 35 . one's w ay
21 . m o ney 26 a train / plane etc. 31 . a meeting
22 a person 27 .a / yo ur turn 32 a match

D C o m p le t e t h e s e n t e n c e s w it h t h e c o llo c a tio n s / e x p r e s s io n s i n t h e b o x b e lo w .

o ut of th e w ay u n d erway by t h e w ay on t h e w ay w ay ah ea d o ne w a y or a n o t h er th ere's no w ay
make o ur w ay to have it yo ur w ay co m e a long w ay w ay of thin kin g w a y of life

361 "This jo b is going to be d o n e. said t he m a n ag er in a d e t er min e d voice.

37 I m . t o Ju lie's house. Will I see you t h ere?
383 This sch ool has ____________since its first ye a r in o peration, w he n it o nly had t w e n ty students.
394 We w ere asked to ______________th e dining hall.
405 Can you please m ove _________________ ? We w a n t to m ove this big box.
416 Ne g o tiatio ns a r e ____ _to b uy a n ew striker, to i m prove th e t e a m ’s ch ances.
427 o ur pare nts will let us go to t h e rock f estival ne xt wee k e n d.
43 8 w hose turn is it to wash th e dish es?
449 O nce yo u u nd erst an d t h e l e c t u r e r's_________________________ his t h e o ry b eco m es q uite e a sy to follow.
10 W h y must you a l w a y s____________________
45 .? It’s not fair!
46
11 Sto p wastin g yo ur ti m e in class, Michael. T he rest of t he class i s __________ of you in Mat he m atics.
47
12 T e e na g ers te nd to idolise film stars and i mitate th e w ay t h ey look and their
 ‘U o
Sentence Linkers
C o m p le t e t h e s e n t e n c e s / p a r a g r a p h s w it h t h e s e n t e n c e l i n k e r s i n t h e b o x b e lo w .

f urt h er m ore w h a t is more n evert h eless not o nly ye t li kewise

besides o t h erwise to be more sp ecific to tell you t h e truth similarly

481 The stu de n ts are not h a p p y with t heir n ew English t e a c h e r ._____________________ . d oes he assign t he m a lot of
ho m ewor k, but he is also v e r y critical of t h eir work.
2 I felt like co m plainin g to t h e air p ort a ut h orities the o t h er day. O ur flight was d elaye d for an u nk nown reason.
49 50
, th e airlin e did n't b oth er to a p olo gise for th e i n c o n v e n i e n c e .__________________
51 airline re p rese nt a tive I asked was of no help, if not r u d e ._____________ ., I m ana g e d to stay cal m and get
t he infor mation I needed.
523 , I don't thin k A da m is v e ry good at his job. 53 he is slow and not
54 ve ry creative. , he b elieves t h a t he is the b ack b o ne of t he co m pany. He is so an n oyin g!
55 I don't dare to challe n g e him b eca use of his close frie n dship with th e manager.
56 I w ould not h ave a problem telling him a thin g or two.
574 If you ch an g e a d dress n otify m e .__________________________ , do so if yo ur p h o ne n u m b er chan ges.
585 Readin g books in a f oreign lan g u ag e helps you e x pand yo ur v o c a b u l a r y .___________________________w atchin g films
helps you get used to the pronu nciation.

Phrasal Verbs
R e a d t h e s e n t e n c e s o n t h e l e f t a n d m a t c h t h e p h r a s a l v e r b s w it h t h e ir d e f i n it i o n s o n t h e r i g h t b y w r it i n g t h e
c o r r e c t n u m b e r i n t h e b o x n e x t t o e a c h d e f in it io n .

A PUT devote to
591 Even t ho u g h it was su m mer, I still n e e d e d to p u t on a j u m p er at night. wear
2
60 Ja n e sho uld n't have to p u t up w it h t h a t n oisy class. save
3
61 We will have to p u t o ff the b arb ecu e if the rain continues.
suffer
4
62 W h y must you p u t yo urself th ro u g h all this stress?
postpone
5
63 T h e stu d ents w ere told to p u t a w a y t h eir books and cle ar t h eir desks.
extinguish
6
64 I p u t m o ney asid e e v e ry month, so t h a t I would h ave e n o ug h for my
su m m er holidays. offer hospitality to

657 Ja s o n p u t on a lot of w eig h t over t h e su m m er break. tolerate

668 T he man I was sitting ne xt to asked me to p u t o u t my cigarette. gain

679 I was m ore than ha p py to p u t my frien d up for the su m mer. put sth in its usual place
10
68 Ju s t a minute, sir. I'll p u t you th ro u g h to Mr Jo n es. connect by telephone
11
69 I have p u t a lot of wor k in to this project.
establish, create
B LAY, SET, SETTLE
state, establish
701 As soon as the n ew t e ach er in trod uce d herself, she laid d o w n her rules.
712 We h ave laid o u t th e gard en. It should look beautiful in spring. start living a quiet life in a place

723 T h e stall was se t up and rea dy for business. delay

734 A ft er ye a rs of living with friends, G eo ffrey d ecide d it was ti m e to se t up
begin a journey
a ho m e of his own.
start doing sth
745 T h e grou p se t off / o u t e a rly in t h e m orning to clim b t he tr e ach ero us peak.
756 I se t o u t this m orning to clean the gard en but was int erru p te d by the rain. become used to
767 T ech nical proble ms se t us b a c k tw o weeks.
make the necessary preparations
778 It too k Jill m ont hs to s e ttle in to her n ew home.
for sth to start
789 Carl was not the ty p e to s e ttle d o w n, so his a n n o u nce m e n t t h a t he was
going to m arry soon too k eve ry o n e by surprise. plan and arrange how sth should appear
 unit 08
Words with Prepositions

A C o m p le t e t h e b la n k s w it h p r e p o s itio n s .

A d jectives Nouns Verbs

79 afraid 86 (give) advice 92 a d vise sb sth 102 occur

80 (in)capable 87 a hope 93 ch oose two 103 point
81 confident 88 protection 94 ch oose 104 prefer
82 (be) free sth 89 a reputation 95 colla b orat e 105 prep are
83 handy 90 a result 96 co m m u nica t e 106 preve nt
84 polite 91 a specialist 97 co n n ect 107 refer
85 upset 98 co pe 108 result
99 e x Dlainsth sb (= ca use to h ap p en)
100 listen 109 result
101 mention (= be ca used by)

B R e a d t h e f o llo w in g s e n t e n c e s a n d c o m p le t e t h e m w it h p r e p o s itio n s .

1101 A co m p ass may co m e in h a n d y our hiking trip ne xt wee k.

1112 Su nscre e n offers p ro te ctio n th e sun's har mful rays.
1123 We h ave a va rie ty of m at erials to ch o o se
1134 Her a g gressive b e h avio ur resu lte d her being fired.
1145 You can ch o o se th e red or t he blue dress.
1156 T hese yo g h urts are fre e artificial colouring.
1167 T h e d a m a g e to t heir p ro p erty resu lte d the fire.
1178 Must I always e x p lain everyt hin g yo u twice?
1189 T h e local co u ncils d ecid e d to c o lla b o ra te one a n o th er for th e p rotection of the enviro n m e n t.
10 T h e d octor a d vis e d his patient
119 the risks involve d in smoking.
11 The accid e n t was t he re s u lt
120 his carelessn ess.

S e e G r a m m a r R e v i e w p a g e 157 |
R e a d t h e t e x t b e lo w a n d c o m p le t e e a c h b la n k w it h o n e w o r d .

The Loch Ness Mo nster 121

(1)_______________________ th o u g ht to be o ne of the w o rl d ’s most fa m o us mysteries. Nessie,
as her fans call her, is b elieve d 122
(2 )_______________________ be living in the Sco ttish loch (la k e) Ness. Scie n tists as well
as or d in ary p e o ple (3
123)_______________________ fascina te d by th e m yst ery of t he e x ist e nce of a v e r y large living
cre at ure w hich (124
4 )_______________________ still u n k nown to science. However, it is v e ry u nlik ely for an ani mal to
(5125
) :__________ living in Loch Ness, as it is deep, dark, v e ry cold and al m ost lifeless. A rth ur Grant is alle ge d
to (126
6 )_______________________ e nco u n t ere d Nessie on Ja n u a r y 5th, 1934. Bein g a ve t erin a ry stu d e nt himself, he gave
a d e taile d d escription of the ani mal w hich m atch ed the p ortrait of a ple siosa ur - a prehistoric a q ua tic reptile w hich had
127
(7 )_______________________ co nsid ere d e x tinct for more than si x ty million years.
)____________________ been o btaine d ( 9129
N evert heless, m a ny son ar and p h o to g ra p hic recordings ( 8128 )___________________
several scien tific t e a ms over t h e years. U nf ortu nately, none of t he m could 130
(10)_______________________ used to provide
a ny form of evid e nc e t h a t N essie exists.
131
Long - necked w a t er m o nsters are (11)_______________________ d e t ect e d e v e ry n ow and th en in several o t h er Scottish
lochs. For this reason, Sco tla n d has b eco m e a p o p ular holiday d estina tion an d (12)_______________________
132 visite d by
_____ millions of to urists e v e ry year.

T hey gave hi m a puppy for his birthday. 4
He was given a puppy for his birthday. /
A puppy was given to him for his birthday. /
A puppy was given - himfor his^birthday..
We bought Susan a new camera. 4
A n ew camera was bought for Susan. /
(Use theprepositions to and for before the indirect object -
person - of passive verbs.)
We heard him say that he was guilty. /
We heardhim tosay that h e was guilty: -
He was heard to say that he was guilty. /
He was heardsay that- he was guilty.
(see, hear+bare infinitive in Active Voice;
see, hear +full infinitive in Passive Voice)
Jo e helped Sue carry/to carry her suitcase. 4
Sue was helped to cany her suitcase. /
Sue was helped carry her suitcase.
(help +full/bare infinitive in Active Voice;
help +full infinitive in Passive Voice)
Mary made the children wash their hands. /
Mar - ymadethechildrentowashtheirhands. -
The children were made to wash their hands. /
The children were made wash their h a n ds: '
(make+bare infinitive in Active Voice;
make +full infinitive in Passive Voice)
[ • The dangerous scenes of the film were performed by stuntmen.
The forest was destroyed by fire.
The photograph was taken with an expensive camera.
(by+agent (person or thing), with + instrument)
|S Who wrote this essay?
Wh o(m) was this essay written by? /
Key Transformations
I & I haven't told anyone the news yet.
No one has been told the news yet.
Susan was ama z ed to find out that her book was missing.
To Susan's amazement, her book was missing.
We expect that the Australian athlete will win the race.
It is expected that the Australian athlete will win the race.
The Australian athlete is expected to win the race.
® Julie's parents allow her to go to parties.
Julie's parents let her go to parties.
Ju lie is allowed to go to parties.
Julie's parents give her permission to go to parties.
unit 0 8
By whom was this essay written? /
WhowastMsessay-written?
What caused the power failure? 4
What was the power failure caused by? /
Whatwas-fee^ewer-faitare'caused?
(When asking about the agent of apassive sentence, by
must be included in the question.)
She couldn't sleep because she was terrified b y the
horror fil m . /
Terrified b y the horror film, she couldn't sleep. /
She couldn't sleep because she had been terrified by
the horror fil m . /
Having been terrified by the horror film, she
couldn't sle e p . /
Been torrifiod by th e hergerfihmrsh&couldrrt steep: -
(Past and perfectparticiples may replace clauses in the
passive voice.)
T h ey accused Harry of stealing the money. 4
Harry was accused of stealing the money.
(In the Passive Voice thepreposition of prepositional verbs
goes immediately after the verb.)
We haven't touched anything. 4
Nothing has been touched. /
Anything has not been touched.-
(any + compounds in Active Voice
no+compounds in Passive Voice)
T h ey didn't let me b uy a dog. 4
I was not allowed to b uy a dog. /
Lwa&not let to buya-etogr
Getin Active Voice be allowed to in Passive Voice)
Julie is permitted to go to parties.
Julie has her parents' permission to go to parties.
Julie's parents don't allow her to go to parties.
Julie's parents don't let her go to parties.
Julie is not allowed to go to parties.
Julie cannot get her parents' permission to go to parties.
Julie is forbidden to go to parties.
One must not smuggle goods into the country.
It is not allowed to smuggle goods into the country.
It is illegal to smuggle goods into the country.
It is against the law to smuggle goods into the country.
It is forbidden to smuggle goods into the country.
 unit 0 8
Examination Practice

A R e a d t h e t e x t b e lo w a n d t h i n k o f t h e w o r d w h ic h b e s t f it s e a c h s p a c e . U s e o n ly o n e w o r d in e a c h s p a c e .

T HE G RE A T W A LL O F C H IN A
T he Great Wall of China 133
(1)_______________________ k nown to be over 1900
kilo m etres long, making it by far the lon g est wall in th e world. T he building of
134
th e wall is said (2 )_______________________ have begun in t he third ce n t ury
BC (3
135)_______________________ the Em p eror Shih H u a n g ti. T h e reason it

(136
4 )_______________________ built was to keep the Huns out of Central Asia.
A lot of eff ort was put 137
(5 )_______________________ co nstructin g t he wall.
It is (138
6 )_______________________ of earth, st o n e and brick and its highest
section is close to nine metres. O ver the ce n turies, th e wall has often

139
(7 ) ad d e d to, rebuilt and repaired. This was d one to give C hina protection
140
(8 ) invad ers. Despite its size, however, the wall failed to ( 9 )______________________
141 a sto p to
inva ding ar mies such as th e Mo n g ols and t h e Manchus.

T he wall is still of great i m p ortance, as it divid es In ner China fro m O uter China. Wh a t is (1 0)________________________
142
it is useful for dividing the region into cultiva t e d land and pastureland. The Great Wall holds a n o t h er i m pressive record
143
which won't (11)_______________________ sur passe d for q uite a while; it is th e o nly man - made structure visible from
144
space. It is no w o n d er t ha t m ost travel g uides refer (12)_______________________ t he Great Wall of China as th e world's
g rea test t o urist attraction.

B C o m p le t e t h e s e c o n d s e n t e n c e s o t h a t i t h a s a s i m il a r m e a n in g t o t h e f ir s t s e n t e n c e , u s in g t h e w o r d g iv e n
u n c h a n g e d . Y o u m u s t u s e b e t w e e n t w o a n d f iv e w o r d s , i n c l u d i n g t h e w o r d g iv e n .

1451 T h ey had to postpone the match until next week,

put T he m a tc h__________________________________________________ ___ until next week.

1462 We haven't told a nyo ne about the chan ge in our plans,

in form e d No o n e_______________________________ _ the chan g e in our plans.
1473 We had to go up the stairs because so m e one was using the lift,
so T he lift_________________________________ . we had to go up the stairs.
1484 Ex perts believe that the landslides were caused by recent floods,
resulte d T he landslides a r e ___________ __________ recent floods.
1495 She doesn't let him smoke in the house,

allo w e d H e ____________________ . in the house.

1506 We mustn't park on the yellow line,
fo rb id d e n It______ on the yellow line.
1517 T he t e ach er saw t wo students leave the school,
w e re Two st u d e n ts__________________ the school.
1528 The coach let the players ta ke the d ay off.
p erm issio n The p la yers_______________ .t a k e the day off.