As the world leader in alumina production, China’s 23.

79 million tonnes comprised nearly one-

third of the global alumina output of 71.37million tonnes in 2009. red mud (RM) is a solid waste
produced during the process of extracting alumina from bauxite. Producing 1 tonne of alumina
generates 1–1.5 tonnes of RM depending on the quality of the source bauxite and the efficiency of the
alumina extraction processes [1].

Red mud, solid waste in the production of alumina by alkaline processes is mainly composed of
alumina, silica, calcium oxide, iron oxide, titania, and trace components of gallium and scandium and it
generally exists as a highly alkaline slurry (pH 10–12.5) with 15–30% solids. Because of its high alkali
content and large quantity, the disposal of red mud generated in the alumina industry requires large
land area and a large amount of capital investment to build and maintain the red mud dams. [2]

Some red mud residues contain as much as 24% Ti02, 43% AlP3 and 54% Fep3' depending on
the mineralogical the make-up of the bauxite treated. Smaller amounts of less common metals can be
also present. Filtration washing and settlement of red mud is generally, a very slow process depending
both on the parameters applied during digestion and on the chemical and morphological composition of
the bauxite utilized [3]

the pH of a solution is defined as negative logarithms of hydrogen ion concentration (in moles
per liter) Because pH is basically just a way to state the concentration of hydrogen ions, acidic solutions
and alkaline solutions at 25 C can be authenticated based on their pH values, such as:

The use of hydrochloric acid as a solvent has its own advantages over other acids, such easy in
the separation of silica residues by means of rapid filtration and removal titanium dioxide commonly
found in clay or mud. Hydrochloric acid, HCl as well It is a strong acid that will be perfectly ionized in
solution. Ease of ionization This strong HCl acid will optimize the al2O3 extraction process. [5]

Extraction is the process of separating a substance based on the difference in solubility to two
different insoluble liquids, usually water and the other organic solvent. One of the factors that influence
extraction is temperature. The increase in temperature will Increase the results of extracts obtained.
Increased temperature can be done in this way Warming [6-7]

The extraction rate of the material is determined by the particle size of the material. The
extracted material should be uniform in size to facilitate contact between materials and solvents so that
extraction takes place properly [8].

Separation is generally done during the process of exploitation in Mining begins. Natural mixture
of minerals in soil and rocks Stability because nature will recognize its components in a natural way [9].
 Bauxite is a generic term applied to a naturally occurring mixture of minerals rich in hydrated
aluminum oxides. The deposits are formed due to in situ weathering of different rock types for which a
number of other minerals also coexist in the deposit. The principal constituent of bauxite is aluminum
oxide. Major impurities are the oxides of iron, silicon, and titanium while elements such as zinc,
phosphorous, nickel, and vanadium are found in trace amounts [9].

Aluminum is a good conductor of electricity, it is clearly a metal of its properties. The physicality.
However, Al2O3 acts as an acid oxidation or base oxidation. Occsiadsi with such ability is called
amphoteric (amphoteric from the Greek word amphos, Means both). Al2O3 is insoluble in water but
exhibits properties. The amphoteric mellaui its reaction with both acidic and alkaline solutions. [10]