COVID-19 - Landscape of novel coronavirus candidate vaccine development worldwide Tuesday, August 31, 2021

DISCLAIMER: These Alllandscape documents have been prepared by the World Health Organization (WHO) for information purposes only concerning the 2019-2020 pandemic of the novel coronavirus. Inclusion of any particular product or entity in any of these
landscape documents Phasedoes
1 not constitute, and shall not be deemed or construed as, any approval or endorsement by WHO of such product or entity (or any of its businesses or activities).  While WHO takes reasonable steps to verify the accuracy of the
information presentedPhasein1/2
these landscape documents, WHO does not make any (and hereby disclaims all) representations and warranties regarding the accuracy, completeness, fitness for a particular purpose (including any of the aforementioned purposes),
 quality, safety, efficacy, merchantability and/or non-infringement of any information provided in these landscape documents and/or of any of the products referenced therein.  WHO also disclaims any and all liability or responsibility whatsoever for any death,
Phase 2 loss, damage or other prejudice of any kind that may arise from or in connection with the procurement, distribution or use of any product included in any of these landscape documents.
disability, injury, suffering,
Phase 2/3
Phase 3
Phase 4
Summary Information on Vaccine Products in Clinical Development

1. - Number of vaccines in clinical development 112

2. - Number of vaccines in pre-clinical development 185 Vaccines in clinical development 112

Vaccines in pre-clinical development 185

V acci ne s in pr e -cl ini cal de ve lop men t Va ccin es i n clin ica l de ve lo pme nt

3. - Candidates in clinical phase 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
PS Chart Title
Filter All Select phase of development (default is all)
VVnr
Platform Candidate vaccines (no. and %) DNA
PS Protein subunit 38 34% IV
VVnr Viral Vector (non-replicating) 17 15%
DNA DNA 11 10%
RNA
IV Inactivated Virus 16 14% VVr
RNA RNA 18 16% VLP
VVr Viral Vector (replicating) 2 2%
VVr + APC
VLP Virus Like Particle 5 4%
VVr + APC VVr + Antigen Presenting Cell 2 2% LAV
LAV Live Attenuated Virus 2 2% VVnr + APC
VVnr + APC VVnr + Antigen Presenting Cell 1 1%
112

4. - Number of doses, schedule and route of administration of candidates in clinical phase

Number of doses & schedule Candidate vaccines (no. and %)
1 dose 16 14% 1 dose 16
Day 0 16 2 doses 72
Day 0
2 doses 72 64% 3 doses 1
other not specified 14%
Day 0 + 14 6 other not s 21% 23
Day 0 + 21 28
Day 0 + 28 38 Day 0 16 1 dose Day 0 + 14
5%
3 doses 1 1% Day 0 + 14 6
Day 0 + 28 + 56
Day 0 + 28 + 56 1 Day1%0 + 21 28
TBD / No Data (ND) 23 21% 3
Day 0 + 28 doses 38
112 Day 0 + 28 1
Route of administration other not s 23
Oral 3 3%
Injectable 95 85%
Day 0 + 21
25%
SC Sub cutaneous 5 4% 2 doses
ID Intra dermal 4 4% Day 0 + 28
IM Intra muscular 86 77% 34%
IN Intra nasal 8 7%
TBD / No Data (ND) 14 13%
Landscape of candidate vaccines in clinical development Tuesday, August 31, 2021
DISCLAIMER: These landscape documents have been prepared by the World Health Organization (WHO) for information purposes only concerning the 2019-2020 pandemic of the novel coronavirus. Inclusion of any particular product or entity in any of these landscape documents does not constitute, and shall not be
deemed or construed as, any approval or endorsement by WHO of such product or entity (or any of its businesses or activities).  While WHO takes reasonable steps to verify the accuracy of the information presented in these landscape documents, WHO does not make any (and hereby disclaims all) representations
and warranties regarding the accuracy, completeness, fitness for a particular purpose (including any of the aforementioned purposes),  quality, safety, efficacy, merchantability and/or non-infringement of any information provided in these landscape documents and/or of any of the products referenced therein.  WHO
also disclaims any and all liability or responsibility whatsoever for any death, disability, injury, suffering, loss, damage or other prejudice of any kind that may arise from or in connection with the procurement, distribution or use of any product included in any of these landscape documents.

New information that has been added this week is highlighted in yellow
(NCT04510207) This Phase 3 trial assesses both the Wuhan and Beijing vaccine in the same study.
*Pending confirmation on the phase of study which is not specified in the registry.
** Trials that have indicated assessment of vaccine efficacy against SARS-COV-2 variants.
The informaion provided is taken directly from data available in the trial registries. In cases where the trial is registrered as N/A or without a defined clincial phase, it has been listed in the column "Phase not reported".
TBD (To be defined)
NR (Not Reported)

Information highlighted in red indicates a change in the development of the vaccine

Vaccine Number of Route of

ID platform Vaccine platform description Type of candidate vaccine Schedule Developers Phase Phase 1
acronym doses administration
1 IV Inactivated virus CoronaVac; inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (vero cell) 2 Day 0 + 14 IM Sinovac Research and Development Co., Ltd Phase 4

2 Sinopharm + China National Biotec Group Co + Wuhan Institute of Biological

IV Inactivated virus Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Vero cell) 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Products Phase 3

Sinopharm + China National Biotec Group Co + Beijing Institute of Biological

3 IV Inactivated virus Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Vero cell), vaccine name BBIBP-CorV 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Products Phase 4

4 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) ChAdOx1-S - (AZD1222) 1-2 Day 0 + 28 IM AstraZeneca + University of Oxford Phase 4 PACTR202005681895696

Covishield

Vaxzevria

1-2 Day 0 + 28 IN University of Oxford Phase 1 NCT04816019

5 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (Adenovirus type 5 vector) 1 Day 0 IM CanSino Biological Inc./Beijing Institute of Biotechnology Phase 4 ChiCTR2000030906
Ad5-nCoV NCT04313127
NCT04568811
NCT04552366
Study Report
Study Report
6 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Gam-COVID-Vac Adeno-based (rAd26-S+rAd5-S) 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Gamaleya Research Institute ; Health Ministry of the Russian Federation Phase 3
Sputnik V COVID-19 vaccine
7 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Ad26.COV2.S 1-2 Day 0 or Day 0 +56 IM Janssen Pharmaceutical Phase 4 NCT04509947
Johnson & Johnson NCT04894305

8 PS Protein subunit SARS-CoV-2 rS/Matrix M1-Adjuvant (Full length recombinant SARS CoV-2 glycoprotein nanoparticle 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Novavax Phase 3
vaccine adjuvanted with Matrix M)
NVX-CoV2373

NCT04961541

9 RNA RNA based vaccine mRNA-1273 2 Day 0 + 28 IM Moderna + National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Phase 4 NCT04283461
Interim Report

Study Report

NCT04839315

10 RNA RNA based vaccine BNT162b2 (3 LNP-mRNAs ), also known as "Comirnaty" 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma Phase 4 NCT04523571

Study Report
ChiCTR2000034825
Study Report

NCT04816643

NCT04839315
NCT04936997
NCT04969601

EUCTR2020-005442-42-PL

11 PS Protein subunit Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CHO Cell) 2-3 Day 0 + 28 or Day 0 IM Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical + Institute of Microbiology, Phase 3 NCT04445194
+ 28 + 56 Chinese Academy of Sciences
Study Report
ChiCTR2000035691 
 NCT04636333
NCT04961359
12 RNA RNA based vaccine CVnCoV Vaccine 2 Day 0 + 28 IM CureVac AG Phase 3 NCT04449276
Study Report

13 IV Inactivated virus SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (vero cells) 2 Day 0 + 28 IM Institute of Medical Biology + Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Phase 3

14 IV Inactivated virus QazCovid-in® - COVID-19 inactivated vaccine 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, Rep of Kazakhstan Phase 3

15 DNA DNA based vaccine INO-4800+electroporation  2 Day 0 + 28 ID Inovio Pharmaceuticals + International Vaccine Institute + Advaccine Phase 2/3 NCT04336410
(Suzhou) Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd
Study Report
ChiCTR2000038152 
16 DNA DNA based vaccine AG0301-COVID19 2 Day 0 + 14 IM AnGes + Takara Bio + Osaka University Phase 2/3

17 DNA DNA based vaccine nCov vaccine 3 Day 0 + 28 + 56 ID Zydus Cadila Phase 3

18 DNA DNA based vaccine GX-19N 2 Day 0 + 28 IM Genexine Consortium Phase 1/2

19 IV Inactivated virus Whole-Virion Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (BBV152); Covaxin 2 Day 0 + 14 IM Bharat Biotech International Limited Phase 3

20 PS Protein subunit KBP-COVID-19 (RBD-based) 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Kentucky Bioprocessing Inc. Phase 1/2
21 PS Protein subunit VAT00002: SARS-CoV-2 S protein with adjuvant 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Sanofi Pasteur + GSK Phase 3

22 RNA RNA based vaccine ARCT-021  NR NR IM Arcturus Therapeutics Phase 2

23 VLP Virus like particle RBD SARS-CoV-2 HBsAg VLP vaccine 2 Day 0 + 28 IM Serum Institute of India + Accelagen Pty + SpyBiotech Phase 1/2

24 IV Inactivated virus Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Vero cell) 2 Day 0 + 28 IM Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products Co., Ltd. Phase 3 NCT04758273
Study Report
NCT05003479
25 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) GRAd-COV2 (Replication defective Simian Adenovirus (GRAd) encoding S) 1 Day 0 IM ReiThera + Leukocare + Univercells Phase 2/3 NCT04528641

26 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) VXA-CoV2-1 Ad5 adjuvanted Oral Vaccine platform 2 Day 0 + 28 Oral Vaxart Phase 1 NCT04563702

27 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) MVA-SARS-2-S 2 Day 0 + 28 IM University of Munich (Ludwig-Maximilians) Phase 1 NCT04569383
28 PS Protein subunit SCB-2019 + AS03 or CpG 1018 adjuvant plus Alum adjuvant (Trimeric subunit Spike Protein vaccine) 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Clover Biopharmaceuticals Inc./GSK/Dynavax Phase 2/3 NCT04405908
Study Report
Report
NCT04932824
29 PS Protein subunit COVAX-19® Recombinant spike protein + adjuvant 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Vaxine Pty Ltd./CinnaGen Co. Phase 3 NCT04453852
SPIKOGEN®

Protein subunit MF59 adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 Sclamp vaccine 2 Day 0 + 28 IM CSL Ltd. + Seqirus + University of Queensland Phase 2/3
Develop
30 PS Protein subunit MVC-COV1901 (Spike-2P protein + adjuvant CpG 1018) 2 Day 0 + 28 IM Medigen Vaccine Biologics + Dynavax + National Institute of Allergy and Phase 2 NCT04487210
Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

31 PS Protein subunit FINLAY-FR1 anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (RBD + adjuvant) 2 Day 0 + 28 IM Instituto Finlay de Vacunas Phase 2 RPCEC00000338

32 PS Protein subunit FINLAY-FR-2 anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (RBD chemically conjugated to tetanus toxoid plus adjuvant) 2 Day 0 + 28 IM Instituto Finlay de Vacunas Phase 3 RPCEC00000340

33 PS Protein subunit EpiVacCorona (EpiVacCorona vaccine based on peptide antigens for the prevention of COVID-19) 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Federal Budgetary Research Institution State Research Center of Virology Phase 3
and Biotechnology "Vector"

34 PS Protein subunit RBD (baculovirus production expressed in Sf9 cells) Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Sf9 Cell) 2 Day 0 + 28 IM West China Hospital + Sichuan University Phase 3 ChiCTR2000037518
NCT04530656

Study Report
35 PS Protein subunit IMP CoVac-1 (SARS-CoV-2 HLA-DR peptides) 1 Day 0 SC University Hospital Tuebingen Phase 1/2 NCT04546841
36 PS Protein subunit UB-612 (Multitope peptide based S1-RBD-protein based vaccine) 2 Day 0 + 28 IM Vaxxinity Phase 2/3 NCT04545749
NCT04967742

Viral vector (Replicating) V591-001 - Measles-vector based (TMV-o38) 1-2 Day 0 + 28 IM Merck & Co. + Themis + Sharp & Dohme + Institute Pasteur + University of Phase 1/2 NCT04497298
Pittsburgh
NCT04569786
University of Hong Kong, Xiamen University and Beijing Wantai Biological
37 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT1 (Intranasal flu-based-RBD ) 2 Day 0 + 28 IN Pharmacy Phase 2 ChiCTR2000037782

NCT04809389
38 RNA RNA based vaccine LNP-nCoVsaRNA 2 NR IM Imperial College London Phase 1 ISRCTN17072692
39 RNA RNA based vaccine SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine (ARCoV) 2 Day 0 + 14 or IM Academy of Military Science (AMS), Walvax Biotechnology and Suzhou Phase 3 ChiCTR2000034112
Day 0 + 28 Abogen Biosciences
ChiCTR2000039212 
40 VLP Virus like particle Coronavirus-Like Particle COVID-19 (CoVLP) 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Medicago Inc. Phase 2/3 NCT04450004
Study Report
Study Report

Covid-19/aAPC vaccine. The Covid-19/aAPC vaccine is prepared by applying lentivirus modification with
41 VVr + APC Viral vector (Replicating) + APC immune modulatory genes and the viral minigenes to the artificial antigen presenting cells (aAPCs). 3 Day 0 + 14 + 28 SC Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute Phase 1 NCT04299724

LV-SMENP-DC vaccine. Dendritic cells are modified with lentivirus vectors expressing Covid-19 minigene
42 VVnr + APC Viral vector (Non-replicating) + APC SMENP and immune modulatory genes. CTLs are activated by LV-DC presenting Covid-19 specific antigens. 1 Day 0 SC & IV Shenzhen Geno-Immune Medical Institute Phase 1/2

43 PS Protein subunit AdimrSC-2f (recombinant RBD +/- Aluminium) NR NR NR Adimmune Corporation Phase 1 NCT04522089
44 DNA DNA based vaccine Covigenix VAX-001 - DNA vaccines + proteo-lipid vehicle (PLV) formulation 2 Day 0 + 14 IM Entos Pharmaceuticals Inc. Phase 1 NCT04591184
45 DNA DNA based vaccine CORVax - Spike (S) Protein Plasmid DNA Vaccine 2 Day 0 + 14 ID Providence Health & Services Phase 1 NCT04627675
46 RNA RNA based vaccine ChulaCov19 mRNA vaccine 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Chulalongkorn University Phase 1 NCT04566276
47 DNA DNA based vaccine bacTRL-Spike oral DNA vaccine 1 Day 0 Oral Symvivo Corporation Phase 1 NCT04334980
48 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Human Adenovirus Type 5: hAd5 S+N bivalent vaccine (S-Fusion + N-ETSD). E2b- Deleted Adeno. 1-2 Day 0 + 21 SC or Oral or SL ImmunityBio, Inc Phase 1/2 NCT04591717

NCT04710303
NCT04732468
49 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) COH04S1 (MVA-SARS-2-S) - Modified vaccinia ankara (sMVA) platform + synthetic SARS-CoV-2 1-2 Day 0 + 28 IM City of Hope Medical Center + National Cancer Institute Phase 1 NCT04639466
Pre-clinical result
50 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) rVSV-SARS-CoV-2-S Vaccine (IIBR-100) 1 Day 0 IM Israel Institute for Biological Research Phase 2/3
51 VVr + APC Viral vector (Replicating) + APC Dendritic cell vaccine AV-COVID-19. A vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells loaded with antigens 1 Day 0 IM Aivita Biomedical, Inc. Phase 2 NCT04690387
from SARS-CoV-2, with or without GM-CSF National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health
Republic of Indonesia

NCT04685603
52 LAV Live attenuated virus COVI-VAC 1-2 Day 0 or IN Codagenix/Serum Institute of India Phase 1 NCT04619628
Day 0 + 28
Day 0 + 14 + 28 or
53 PS Protein subunit CIGB-669 (RBD+AgnHB) 3 IN Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB) Phase 1/2
Day 0 +28 + 56

54 PS Protein subunit CIGB-66 (RBD+aluminium hydroxide)   3 Day 0 + 14 + 28 or IM Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (CIGB) Phase 3
Day 0 +28 + 56
55 IV Inactivated Virus VLA2001 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Valneva, National Institute for Health Research, United Kingdom Phase 3

56 PS Protein subunit BECOV2 2 Day 0 + 28 IM Biological E. Limited Phase 1/2

57 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) AdCLD-CoV19 (adenovirus vector) 1 Day 0 IM Cellid Co., Ltd. Phase 1/2
58 DNA DNA based vaccine GLS-5310 2 Day 0 + 56 or ID GeneOne Life Science, Inc. Phase 1/2
Day 0 + 84
59 PS Protein subunit Recombinant Sars-CoV-2 Spike protein, Aluminum adjuvanted (Nanocovax) 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Nanogen Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Phase 3

60 PS Protein subunit Recombinant protein vaccine S-268019 (using Baculovirus expression vector system) 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Shionogi Phase 1/2

Viral vector (Non-replicating) AdCOVID, Adenovirus-based platform expresses receptor-binding domain (RBD) of spike protein 1-2 Day 0 IN Altimmune, Inc. Phase 1 NCT04679909
61 PS Protein subunit SARS-CoV-2-RBD-Fc fusion protein 1-2 NR SC or IM University Medical Center Groningen + Akston Biosciences Inc. Phase 1/2
62 IV Inactivated Virus ERUCOV-VAC, inactivated virus 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Erciyes University, Turkey Phase 3 NCT04691947

63 PS Protein subunit COVAC-1 and COVAC-2 sub-unit vaccine (spike protein) + SWE adjuvant 2 Day 0 + 28 IM University of Saskatchewan Phase 1/2

64 PS Protein subunit GBP510, a recombinant surface protein vaccine with adjuvant AS03 (aluminium hydroxide) 2 Day 0 + 28 IM SK Bioscience Co., Ltd. and CEPI Phase 3

65 PS Protein subunit Razi Cov Pars, recombinant spike protein 3 Day 0 + 21 +51 IM and IN Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute Phase 2 IRCT20201214049709N1
66 IV Inactivated Virus COVID-19 inactivated vaccine 2 Day 0 + 14 IM Shifa Pharmed Industrial Co Phase 2/3 IRCT20201202049567N1
IRCT20201202049567N2
67 PS Protein subunit MF59 adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 Sclamp vaccine  2 Day 0 + 28 IM The University of Queensland Phase 1 NCT04495933
Study Report
Study Report
University of Sydney, Bionet Co., Ltd
68 DNA DNA based vaccine COVIGEN  2 Day 0 + 28 ID or IM Technovalia Phase 1 NCT04742842

69 DNA DNA based vaccine COVID-eVax, a candidate plasmid DNA vaccine of the Spike protein 2 Day 0 + 28 IM or Takis + Rottapharm Biotech Phase 1/2
IM + electroporation
70 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) BBV154, Adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccine 1 Day 0 IN Bharat Biotech International Limited Phase 1 NCT04751682
71 RNA RNA based vaccine PTX-COVID19-B, mRNA vaccine 2 Day 0 + 28 IM Providence Therapeutics Phase 1 NCT04765436
72 IV Inactivated virus Inactivated (NDV-based) chimeric vaccine with or without the adjuvant CpG 1018 2 Day 0 + 28 IM The Government Pharmaceutical Organization (GPO); PATH; Dynavax Phase 1/2

73 RNA RNA based vaccine CoV2 SAM (LNP) vaccine. A self-amplifying mRNA (SAM) lipid nanoparticle (LNP) platform + Spike antigen 2 Day 0 + 30 IM GlaxoSmithKline Phase 1 NCT04758962

VBI-2902a. An enveloped virus-like particle (eVLP) of SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glycoprotein and aluminum
74 VLP Virus like particle 2 Day 0 + 28 IM VBI Vaccines Inc. Phase 1/2
phosphate adjuvant.

75 PS Protein subunit SK SARS-CoV-2 recombinant surface antigen protein subunit (NBP2001) + adjuvanted with alum. 2 Day 0 + 28 IM SK Bioscience Co., Ltd. Phase 1 NCT04760743
76 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Chimpanzee Adenovirus serotype 68 (ChAd) and self-amplifying mRNA (SAM) vectors expressing spike 2-3 Day 0 + 14 + 28 or IM Gritstone Oncology 
alone, or spike plus additional SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes. Day 0 +28 + 56 or Phase 1 NCT04776317
Day 0 + 112

77 RNA RNA based vaccine mRNA-1273.351. 3 Day 0 or Day 0 + 28 IM Moderna + National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Phase 4 NCT04785144
A lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated mRNA-based vaccine that encodes for a full-length, prefusion or Day 56
stabilized S protein of the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 variant.

78 PS Protein subunit 2-3 Day 0 + 28 + 180 IM Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR) Phase 1 NCT04784767
SpFN (spike ferritin nanoparticle) uses spike proteins with a liposomal formulation QS21 (ALFQ) adjuvant.

79 PS Protein subunit EuCorVac-19; A spike protein using the recombinant protein technology and with an adjuvant. 2 Day 0 + 21 IM POP Biotechnologies and EuBiologics Co.,Ltd Phase 1/2
80 IV Inactivated virus Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine FAKHRAVAC (MIVAC) 2 Day 0 + 14 +/- 21 IM Organization of Defensive Innovation and Research Phase 1 IRCT20210206050259N1

81 LAV Live attenuated virus MV-014-212, a live attenuated vaccine that expresses the spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 1 Day 0 IN Meissa Vaccines, Inc. Phase 1 NCT04798001
82 RNA RNA based vaccine MRT5500, an mRNA vaccine candidate 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Sanofi Pasteur and Translate Bio Phase 2
83 VLP Virus like particle SARS-CoV-2 VLP Vaccine 2 Day 0 SC The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey Phase 2 NCT04818281
Vaccine-Wuhan; Vaccine-Alpha variant; Vaccine-Wuhan+Alpha variant

84 PS Protein subunit ReCOV: Recombinant two-component spike and RBD protein COVID-19 vaccine (CHO cell). 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Jiangsu Rec-Biotechnology Phase 1 NCT04818801
85 RNA RNA based vaccine DS-5670a, mRNA vaccine 2 NR IM Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. Phase 1/2
86 IV Inactivated Virus Koçak-19 Inactivated adjuvant COVID-19 viral vaccine 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Kocak Farma, Turkey Phase 1 NCT04838080

87 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) COVIVAC. Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) expressing membrane-anchored pre-fusion-stabilized trimeric 2 Day 0 + 28 IM Institute of Vaccines and Medical Biologicals, Vietnam Phase 1/2
SARS-CoV-2 S protein +/- adjuvant CpG 1018
88 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) SC-Ad6-1, Adneviral vector vaccine 1-2 Day 0 +/- 21 IM Tetherex Pharmaceuticals Corporation Phase 1 NCT04839042
89 VLP Virus like particle ABNCoV2 capsid virus-like particle (cVLP) +/- adjuvant MF59 2 Day 0 + 28 IM Radboud University Phase 1 NCT04839146
90 PS Protein subunit Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Fusion Protein Vaccine (V-01) 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention/Gaozhou Cent Phase 2 ChiCTR2100045108
91 RNA RNA based vaccine HDT-301: Self-replicating mRNA vaccine formulated as a lipid nanoparticle. 2 Day 0 + 28 IM SENAI CIMATEC Phase 1 NCT04844268
92 IV Inactivated Virus Adjuvanted inactivated vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 2 Day 0 + 21 SC The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBITAK) Phase 1 NCT04866069
93 RNA RNA based vaccine mRNA-1283 2 Day 0 + 28 IM ModernaTX, Inc. Phase 1 NCT04813796
94 PS Protein subunit Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine (CHO cell) 2 Day 0 IM National Vaccine and Serum Institute, China Phase 1/2
EXG-5003; a temperature-sensitive self-replicating RNA vaccine expressing the receptor binding domain of
95 RNA RNA based vaccine the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. 1 Day 0 ID Elixirgen Therapeutics, Inc Phase 1/2
96 IV Inactivated Virus Inactivated COVID-19 vaccine 2 Day 0 + 28 IM KM Biologics Co., Ltd. Phase 1/2
97 IV Inactivated Virus Live recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus (rNDV) vector vaccine 2 Day 0 + 21 IM or IN Laboratorio Avi-Mex Phase 1 NCT04871737
98 RNA RNA based vaccine mRNA COVID-19 vaccine 2 TBD IM Shanghai East Hospital and Stemirna Therapeutics Phase 1 ChiCTR2100045984
99 PS Protein subunit CoVepiT vaccine: SARS-CoV-2 multi-target peptide vaccine (targeting Spike, M, N, and several non-structural 1-2 Day 0 +/- 21 SC OSE Immunotherapeutics Phase 1 NCT04885361
100 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara (MVA) vector expressing a stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike protein 2 Day 0 + 28 IM German Center for Infection Research Phase 1/2
101 PS Protein subunit CoV2-OGEN1, protein-based vaccine 1-2 Day 0 +/- 14 Oral USSF/Vaxform Phase 1 NCT04893512
102 PS Protein subunit QazCoVac-P - COVID-19 Subunit Vaccine 1-2 Day 0 + 21 IM Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems Phase 1/2

103 RNA RNA based vaccine LNP-nCOV saRNA-02 vaccine; Self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNP) 2 Day 0 + 28 IM MRC/UVRI and LSHTM Uganda Research Unit Phase 1 NCT04934111
104 RNA RNA based vaccine mRNA-1273.211. A multivalent booster candidate combining mRNA-1273 plus mRNA-1273.351. 1 Day 0 IM ModernaTX, Inc. Phase 2/3
105 PS Protein subunit RBD protein recombinant SARS-CoV-2 vaccine 3 Day 0 + 21 + 35 IM Bagheiat-allah University of Medical Sciences Phase 1 IRCT20210620051639N1
Baiya SARS-CoV-2 VAX1, a plant-based subunit vaccine
106 PS Protein subunit (RBD-Fc + adjuvant) 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Baiya Phytopharm Co., Ltd. Phase 1 NCT04953078

107 PS Protein subunit SCB-2020S, an adjuvanted recombinant SARS-CoV-2 trimeric S-protein (from B.1.351 variant) 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Clover Biopharmaceuticals AUS Pty Ltd Phase 2
108 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) PIV5 vector that encodes the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein 1 Day 0 IN CyanVac LLC Phase 1 NCT04954287
109 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) AZD2816; adenoviral vector ChAdOx platform and based on the Beta (B.1.351) variant 2 Day 0 + 28 IM AstraZeneca + University of Oxford Phase 2/3
110 PS Protein subunit 202-CoV; SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer protein + adjuvant, CpG7909. 2 Day 0 + 28 IM Shanghai Zerun Biotechnology + Walvax Biotechnology + CEPI Phase 1 NCT04982068
111 DNA DNA based vaccine AG0302-COVID19 2-3 Day 0 + 14 + 28 IM AnGes, Inc Phase 1/2
112 PS Protein subunit Recombinant protein RBD fusion dimer adjuvanted vaccine (COVID-19 Vaccine Hipra) 2 Day 0 + 21 IM Laboratorios Hipra, S.A. Phase 1/2
 Current status of clinical evaluation (Trial registries and public reports) Phase 3 endpoint
Number of virologically Efficacy compared to placebo Efficacy against severe and Efficacy for the prevention of Efficacy of vaccine against Efficacy of vaccine against
confirmed (PCR or NAAT
Phase 1/2 Phase 2 Phase 2/3 Phase 3 Phase 4 Phase not reported positive) symptomatic cases of for theCoV-2
prevention of SARS- non-severe COVID-19: hospital COVID-19-related Emergency severe and non-severe COVID- severe and non-severe COVID-
infection admissions Department visits 19 19: number of deaths
COVID-19

NCT04383574 NCT04800133 NCT04456595 NCT04756830** ChiCTR2100045109 X X X

Study Report NCT04884685 Study Report NCT04747821** NCT04771559
Study Report NCT04979949 Study Protocol NCT04775069
NCT04352608 NCT04979949 NCT04508075 NCT04789356 X X X X
Study Report NCT04754698
Study Report  NCT04582344 NCT04801888 X X X X X
NCT04551547 Study report
Study Report NCT04617483 NCT04894227
NCT04992182 NCT04651790 NCT04892459 X X X X X
Study Report NCT04911790
NCT04992260 NCT04953325 X X X X X
NCT04962308
NCT04993365
ChiCTR2000031809 NCT04885764 ChiCTR2000034780 X X

Study Report ChiCTR2000039000 X X X X

NCT04510207 X
Study Report
Interim Report NCT04612972 X X X X

ChiCTR2000032459 NCT04998240 NCT04560881 NCT04863638 ChiCTR2100041704  X X X

NCT04917523 ChiCTR2100041705

Study Report
Study Report NCT04510207 ChiCTR2100041706 X X X X
NCT04984408 ChiCTR2100048665 
PACTR202006922165132 NCT04686773 NCT04400838 ISRCTN89951424 NCT04760132 NCT04794946** X X X

2020-001072-15 Study Report NCT04516746 NCT04775069 NCT04939402 X X X

Interim Report ISRCTN69254139 Study Report NCT04540393 EUCTR2021-002327-38-NL
NCT04568031 Study Report Study Report NCT04536051 NCT04914832 X X X X
Study Report Study Report Study Report EUCTR2020-005226-28-DE ACTRN12621000661875 X X X X
NCT04444674 NCT04800133 Study Report
NCT04860739**
Study Report Study Report
NCT04324606 Study Report CTRI/2020/08/027170 Study Report
Study Report NCT04894435
Study Report ISRCTN73765130 ** NCT04885764 NCT04864561
Study Report NCT04907331
NCT04684446 NCT04998240
ISRCTN15638344
NCT04760730

ChiCTR2000031781 NCT04954092 NCT04526990 NCT04892459 NCT04916886 X X X

NCT04398147 NCT04566770 NCT04540419 NCT04952727 X X X X X
NCT04840992 NCT04341389

Study Report
NCT05005156
NCT04436471 NCT04962906 NCT04530396 X X
Study Report
NCT04437875 NCT04564716 X X
NCT04713488 NCT04587219 NCT04642339 X X
Study Report NCT04962906 NCT04640233 NCT04656613 X
NCT04760730 NCT04983537 NCT04741061 X X
 NCT04988048
NCT04436276 EUCTR2020-002584-63-DE NCT04505722 EUCTR2021-002327-38-NL NCT04817657 X X X X
Study Report NCT04535453 Study Report NCT04927936
Study Report
Study Report NCT04765384 NCT04614948 X X X
Study Report NCT04838795 X X X X
NCT04889209

NCT04368988  NCT04533399 NCT04611802 X X X

Study Report Study Report EUCTR2020-004123-16-GB X X X

Study Report ISRCTN73765130**  NCT04583995 X X X X
Study Report
NCT04677660 NCT04405076** NCT04649151 NCT04470427 NCT04760132 NCT04900467 X X X
NCT04712110 Study Report Study report Study Report NCT04792567 NCT04927936
NCT04889209 NCT04811664 NCT04885907 X
NCT04796896 Study Report
NL9275 NCT04761822 NCT04805125 EUCTR2021-002327-38-NL X X X X X
Study Report NCT04894435 NCT04806113 EUCTR2021-003388-90-NL
ISRCTN73765130** NCT04860297 NCT04952402
NCT04930770 EUCTR2021-003618-37-NO
NCT04969263 NCT04969250
2020-001038-36 NCT04649021 NCT04754594 NCT04368728** NCT04760132 NCT04844489** X X X
Study Report ACTRN12621000661875
NCT04588480 NCT04761822 Study Report EUCTR2021-000412-28-BE NCT04842708**
 NCT04380701 NCT04824638** Study Report EUCTR2021-002327-38-NL NCT04862806
Study Report NCT04860739 NCT04713553 NCT04780659 NCT04880174
Study Report NCT04961229
NCT04537949 EUCTR2021-001978-37-ES NCT04800133 NCT04775069 NCT04900467
EUCTR2020-003267-26-DE NCT04894435 NCT04805125 EUCTR2021-000893-27-BE NCT04927936 X X X X
Study Report ISRCTN73765130** NCT04816669 EUCTR2021-000930-32-BE NCT04961502
NCT04889209 NCT04895982 NCT04951323 NCT04852861** IRCT20210708051820N1 X
NCT04907331 NCT04878211
NCT04949490 EUCTR2021-003388-90-NL
NCT04969263 EUCTR2021-003618-37-NO
NCT04955626
NCT04952766
NCT04969250
 NCT04550351 NCT04466085

Study Report NCT04646590 X X X

NCT04813562 Study Report

 NCT04515147 NCT04652102** NCT04674189 X X X

PER-054-20 NCT04838847 X
ISRCTN73765130** NCT04860258
NCT04470609 NCT04659239 NCT04944381 X X
NCT04412538
Study Report
Study Report
NCT04530357 NCT04691908 X X

NCT04447781 ChiCTR2000040146  NCT04642638 X X X X

Study report

NCT04463472 NCT04655625 X X
NCT04527081
jRCT2051200085
CTRI/2020/07/026352 CTRI/2020/07/026352 X X
CTRI/2021/03/032051
NCT04445389
NCT04715997
X X X
NCT04471519 NCT04918797 NCT04641481; CTRI/2020/11/028976

Interim Study Report Study Report

Study Report
Study Report
Study report
CTRI/2020/07/026300
CTRI/2020/09/027674
NCT04473690
NCT04537208 NCT04762680 PACTR202011523101903* X X X X
Study Report NCT04904549 X X X X X
NCT04480957 NCT04668339
 NCT04728347
ACTRN12620000817943
ACTRN12620001308987
NCT04756323 NCT04852705 X X X
Study Report
NCT05003466
NCT04791423 X X X X X

NCT04954131 NCT04672395 X X X

IRCT20150303021315N23 NCT05005559 IRCT20150303021315N24

NCT04944368
NCT04806529
Development has been suspended and the candidate vaccine has been removed from the landscape summary analysis
NCT04695652

NCT04822025
NCT04951388
RPCEC00000332 RPCEC00000366

RPCEC00000347 RPCEC00000354
X X X X
NCT04527575 NCT04780035
X X X X X X
Study Report
ChiCTR2000039994 NCT04887207 X X X X
NCT04640402 NCT04904471 X X X X X
Study Report
NCT04718467
NCT04954469
NCT04773067 NCT04683224 X X X X

CT04498247
Development has been suspended and the candidate vaccine has been removed from the landscape summary analysis

ChiCTR2000039715

ChiCTR2100041855  NCT04847102
X X X

NCT04662697 NCT04636697 X X X
Study report

NCT04276896

NCT04843722

NCT04845191
NCT04843722
NCT04977024

NCT04608305 NCT04990466
 NCT04386252 NCT05007496

RPCEC00000345

RPCEC00000346 RPCEC00000359 X X X X X

NCT04671017 ISRCTN73765130** NCT04864561

NCT04956224
CTRI/2020/11/029032
NCT04666012
NCT04673149

NCT04683484 NCT04922788 X X X X
Study Report

jRCT2051200092

Altimmune have discontinued further development of AdCOVID, therefore the candidate vaccine has been removed from the landscape summary analysis
NCT04681092
 NCT04824391 NCT04942405
NCT04702178

NCT04742738 NCT05007951
NCT04750343
IRCT20201214049709N2
IRCT20201202049567N3 X X X X

NCT04788459
EUCTR2020-003734-20-IT

NCT04764422

NCT04773665

NCT04847050 EUCTR2021-000930-32

NCT04878211
NCT04869358

NCT04783311

NCT04798027 IRCT20210206050259N2
NCT04962893

NCT04821674

NCT04830800

ChiCTR2100045107
 NCT04869592

NCT04863131

jRCT2071200106

NCT04944381

NCT04895449

NCT04930003

NCT04927065

NCT04950751 **

NCT04973449
NCT04990544
NCT04993586
NCT05007509
 Phase 3 endpoints as per protocol
Assess humoral Safety and immunogenicity of
Efficacy: seroconversion rates immunogenicity : antibody a booster dose
quantification

X X X

X X X

X X X

X X X
X X X

X X X

X X X

X X X
X X X

X X

X X X

X X

X X X

X X X

X X X
X X X
X X
X X X

X X X

X X
X X

X X X

X X X
X X X
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X X
X X X

X X X
X X X

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Landscape of candidate vaccines in pre-clinical development
DISCLAIMER: These landscape documents have been prepared by the World Health Organization (WHO) for information purposes only concerning the 2019-2020 pandemic of the novel coronavirus. Inclusion of any particular product or entity in any of these landscape documents does
not constitute, and shall not be deemed or construed as, any approval or endorsement by WHO of such product or entity (or any of its businesses or activities).  While WHO takes reasonable steps to verify the accuracy of the information presented in these landscape documents, WHO
does not make any (and hereby disclaims all) representations and warranties regarding the accuracy, completeness, fitness for a particular purpose (including any of the aforementioned purposes),  quality, safety, efficacy, merchantability and/or non-infringement of any information
provided in these landscape documents and/or of any of the products referenced therein.  WHO also disclaims any and all liability or responsibility whatsoever for any death, disability, injury, suffering, loss, damage or other prejudice of any kind that may arise from or in connection with
the procurement, distribution or use of any product included in any of these landscape documents.

New information that has been added this week.

The vaccine candidates listed here are currently in the pre-clinical phase of research and development. When the vaccine progresses from pre-clinical to clinical phase and the study of the vaccine is registered in a clinical trial database that can be publicly accessed, it will then appear in the clinical list of the WHO landscap

Vaccine Same platform for non-

ID platform Vaccine platform description Type of candidate vaccine Coronavirus target Coronavirus candidates
acronym

1 DNA DNA based vaccine DNA, engineered vaccine inserts compatible with multiple delivery systems SARS-CoV-2 and Sarbeco-
CoV
2 DNA DNA based vaccine DNA vaccine SARS-CoV2
3 DNA DNA based vaccine DNA plasmid vaccine RBD&N SARS-CoV2
4 DNA DNA based vaccine DNA with electroporation SARS-CoV2
5 DNA DNA based vaccine DNA with electroporation SARS-CoV2
6 DNA DNA based vaccine Plasmid DNA, Needle-Free Delivery SARS-CoV2 SARS
7 DNA DNA based vaccine DNA plasmid vaccine S,S1,S2,RBD &N SARS-CoV2
8 DNA DNA based vaccine DNA vaccine SARS-CoV2
9 DNA DNA based vaccine msDNA vaccine SARS-CoV2
10 DNA DNA based vaccine DNA vaccine SARS-CoV2
11 DNA DNA based vaccine DNA plasmids containing S-gene SARS-CoV2
12 DNA DNA based vaccine DNA plasmid vaccine SARS-CoV2
13 DNA DNA based vaccine Plasmid DNA, nanostructured RBD SARS-CoV2
14 DNA DNA based vaccine DNA plasmid  vaccine encoding RBD SARS-CoV2
15 DNA DNA based vaccine DNA Immunostimulatory sequences SARS-CoV2
16 DNA DNA based vaccine The 3 regions of SARS-Cov-2 Spike-protein: NTD, RBD and HR1-HR2 inserted into the SARS-CoV2
plasmid of PcDNA3.1 (+).
Egg-based, inactivated, whole chimeric Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) expressing
17 IV Inactivated virus membrane-anchored pre-fusion-stabilized trimeric SARS-CoV-2 S protein (Hexapro) + SARS-CoV-2
CpG 1018
18 IV Inactivated virus Inactivated + alum SARS-CoV2 JE, Zika
19 IV Inactivated virus Inactivated SARS-CoV2
20 IV Inactivated virus SARS-CoV2
21 IV Inactivated virus Inactivated + CpG 1018 SARS-CoV2
22 IV Inactivated virus Inactivated + CpG 1018 SARS-CoV2
23 IV Inactivated virus Inactivated whole virus SARS-CoV2
24 IV Inactivated virus Inactivated SARS-CoV2 MMR, IPV
25 IV Inactivated virus Inactivated SARS-CoV2 MMR, IPV
LAV Live attenuated virus Codon deoptimized live attenuated vaccines SARS-CoV2
26
27 LAV Live attenuated virus Codon deoptimized live attenuated vaccines SARS-CoV2
28 LABV Live attenuated bacterial vector Live attenuated bacterial (Pertussis) Vector SARS-CoV2
29 LABV Live attenuated bacterial vector Live attenuated bacterial vector SARS-CoV2
30 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Sendai virus vector SARS-CoV2
31 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Sendai virus vector SARS-CoV2 RSV, CMV
32 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Adenovirus-based SARS-CoV2
33 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Adeno-associated virus vector (AAVCOVID) SARS-CoV2
34 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) MVA encoded VLP SARS-CoV2 LASV, EBOV, MARV, HIV
35 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) MVA-S SARS-CoV2
36 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Adeno5-based SARS-CoV2  
37 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Ad5 S (GREVAX™ platform) SARS-CoV2 MERS
38 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Oral Ad5 S SARS-CoV2 Zika, VZV, HSV-2 and Norovirus
39 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) adenovirus-based + HLA-matched peptides Pan-Corona
40 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) MVA expressing structural proteins SARS-CoV2 Multiple candidates
41 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5)-based vaccine expressing the spike protein SARS-CoV2 MERS
VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Recombinant deactivated rabies virus containing S1 SARS-CoV2 HeV, NiV, EBOV, LASSA, CCHFV,
42 MERS
43 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Influenza A H1N1 vector SARS-CoV2
44 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Newcastle disease virus expressing the spike protein SARS-CoV2
45 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Newcastle disease virus expressing membrane-anchored spike SARS-CoV2
46 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Lentiviral Vector SARS-CoV2
47 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Lentiviral Vector SARS-CoV2
48 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Lentiviral Vector Retro-VLP Particles SARS-CoV2
49 VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Ad 5 vector for intranasal administration SARS-CoV2
VVnr Viral vector (Non-replicating) Oral vaccine platform SARS-CoV2 InfA, CHIKV, LASV, NORV; EBOV,
50 RVF, HBV, VEE
51 PS Protein subunit RBD protein delivered in mannose-conjugated chitosan nanoparticle SARS-CoV2
52 PS Protein subunit Recombinant spike protein with Essai O/W 1849101 adjuvant SARS-CoV2
53 PS Protein subunit Peptides SARS-CoV2
54 PS Protein subunit Recombinant spike protein with Essai O/W 1849101 adjuvant SARS-CoV2
55 PS Protein subunit Recombinant S protein SARS-CoV2
56 PS Protein subunit RBD protein (baculovirus production) + FAR-Squalene adjuvant SARS-CoV2 Multiple candidates
57 PS Protein subunit RBD-protein SARS-CoV2
58 PS Protein subunit Recombinant S protein SARS-CoV2
59 PS Protein subunit Peptide + novel adjuvant SARS-CoV2
60 PS Protein subunit S subunit intranasal liposomal formulation with GLA/3M052 adjs. SARS-CoV2
S-Protein (Subunit) + Adjuvant, E coli and Insect vectors for expression/synthesis of the
61 PS Protein subunit protein SARS-CoV2
62 PS Protein subunit Protein Subunit S,N,M&S1 protein SARS-CoV2
63 PS Protein subunit Protein Subunit SARS-CoV2
64 PS Protein subunit RBD protein fused with Fc of IgG + Adj. SARS-CoV2
65 PS Protein subunit Capsid-like Particle SARS-CoV2
66 PS Protein subunit Drosophila S2 insect cell expression system VLPs SARS-CoV2
67 PS Protein subunit Peptide antigens formulated in LNP SARS-CoV2
68 PS Protein subunit S protein SARS-CoV2
69 PS Protein subunit S protein +Adjuvant SARS-CoV2 Influenza
70 PS Protein subunit VLP-recombinant protein + Adjuvant SARS-CoV2
71 PS Protein subunit microneedle arrays S1 subunit SARS-CoV2 MERS
72 PS Protein subunit Peptide SARS-CoV2
73 PS Protein subunit Adjuvanted protein subunit (RBD) SARS-CoV2
 Ebola, Marburg, HIV, Zika,
74 PS Protein subunit Peptide SARS-CoV2 Influenza, HPV therapeutic
vaccine, BreastCA vaccine
75 PS Protein subunit S protein SARS-CoV2
76 PS Protein subunit Ii-Key peptide SARS-CoV2 Influenza, HIV, SARS-CoV
77 PS Protein subunit S protein SARS-CoV2 H7N9
78 PS Protein subunit Protein Subunit EPV-CoV-19 SARS-CoV2
79 PS Protein subunit gp-96 backbone SARS-CoV2 NSCLC, HIV, Malaria, Zika
80 PS Protein subunit Subunit vaccine SARS-CoV2
81 PS Protein subunit S1 or RBD protein SARS-CoV2 SARS
82 PS Protein subunit Subunit protein, plant produced SARS-CoV2
PS Protein subunit Recombinant protein, nanoparticles (based on S-protein and other epitopes) SARS-CoV2
83

Cross-reactive T-cell recombinant vaccine based on SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein (N)

84 PS Protein subunit expressed in E.coli SARS-CoV2 various (cross-immunity)

85 PS Protein subunit COVID-19 XWG-03 truncated S (spike) proteins SARS-CoV2 HPV

86 PS Protein subunit Adjuvanted microsphere peptide SARS-CoV2
87 PS Protein subunit Synthetic Long Peptide Vaccine candidate for S and M proteins SARS-CoV2
88 PS Protein subunit Oral E. coli-based protein expression system of S and N proteins SARS-CoV2
89 PS Protein subunit Nanoparticle vaccine SARS-CoV2
90 PS Protein subunit Plant-based subunit (RBD-Fc + Adjuvant) SARS-CoV2
91 PS Protein subunit OMV-based vaccine SARS-CoV2 Flu A, Plague
92 PS Protein subunit OMV-based vaccine SARS-CoV2
93 PS Protein subunit structurally modified spherical particles of the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) SARS-CoV2 Rubella, Rotavirus
94 PS Protein subunit Spike-based SARS-CoV2 Hepatitis C
95 PS Protein subunit Recombinant S1-Fc fusion protein SARS-CoV2
96 PS Protein subunit Recombinant protein SARS-CoV2
97 PS Protein subunit Recombinant S protein in IC-BEVS (Viral vector vaccine SARS-CoV2
(based on baculovirus expression system in insect cell line)
98 PS Protein subunit Orally delivered, heat stable subunit SARS-CoV2
99 PS Protein subunit Peptides derived from Spike protein SARS-CoV2
100 PS Protein subunit Protein Subunit SARS-CoV2
101 PS Protein subunit RBD-based SARS-CoV2
102 PS Protein subunit Outer Membrane Vesicle (OMV)-subunit SARS-CoV2
103 PS Protein subunit Spike-based (epitope screening) SARS-CoV2
104 PS Protein subunit Spiked-based SARS-CoV2
105 PS Protein subunit Recombinant spike with adjuvant SARS-CoV2
106 PS Protein subunit Recombinant S protein produced in BEVS SARS-CoV2
107 PS Protein subunit Protein Subunit Nanoformulated SARS-CoV2
108 PS Protein subunit Protein Subunit Adenoviral Carrier SARS-CoV2
109 PS Protein subunit Protein DC-targeted epitopes SARS-CoV2
110 PS Protein subunit Soluble recombinant S protein produced in CHO cells SARS-CoV2
NYVAC-KC, attenuated vaccinia virus vector expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike and other
111 PS Protein subunit viral proteins SARS-CoV2
112 PS Protein subunit Protein peptides with alum SARS-CoV2
113 PS Protein subunit Recombinant Spike (S) proteins encoded by Baculoviruses in Insect cells SARS-CoV2
114 PS Protein subunit Adjuvanted Peptides + Recombinant Spike Protein SARS-CoV2
115 PS Protein subunit Development of recombinant protein based S1 and S2 (Spike) and nucleocapsid SARS-CoV2
subunits vaccines using a plant expression vector.
116 PS Protein subunit Recombinant Protein Vaccine
SARS-CoV2
117 PS Protein subunit Recombinant protein subunit vaccine SARS-CoV2
118 PS Protein subunit Recombinant Spike Protein SARS-CoV2

119 PS Protein subunit Recombinant SARS CoV-2 RBD Protein, Alum adjuvanted SARS-CoV2

120 PS Protein subunit TerraCoV2 recombinant protein (stabilized pre-fusion spike protein) Wuhan B.1.351 (Beta)

121 PS Protein subunit Multiple peptides fragments targeting (S, M, N) and (NSPs) SARS-CoV-2 proteins to SARS-CoV2
induce T cell responses (CD8)
122 BVr Bacterial vector (Replicating) Oral Salmonella enteritidis (3934Vac) based protein expression system of RBD SARS-CoV2 Multiple candidates
123 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) YF17D Vector SARS-CoV2
124 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) Measles Vector SARS-CoV2
125 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) Measles Vector SARS-CoV2
126 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) Measles Virus (S, N targets) SARS-CoV2 Zika, H7N9, CHIKV
127 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) Horsepox vector expressing S protein SARS-CoV2 Smallpox, Monkeypox
128 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) Live viral vectored vaccine based on attenuated influenza virus backbone (intranasal) SARS-CoV2 Influenza

129 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) Recombinant vaccine based on Influenza A virus, for the prevention of COVID-19 SARS-CoV2 Influenza
(intranasal)
130 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) Attenuated Influenza expressing an antigenic portion of the Spike protein SARS-CoV2 Influenza
131 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) Influenza vector expressing RBD SARS-CoV2
Replication-competent VSV chimeric virus technology (VSVΔG) delivering the SARS-
132 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) CoV-2 Spike (S) glycoprotein. SARS-CoV2 Ebola, Marburg, Lassa
133 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) Replicating VSV vector-based DC-targeting SARS-CoV2
134 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) VSV-S SARS-CoV2 HIV, MERS
135 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) VSV-S SARS-CoV2
136 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) VSV vector SARS-CoV2
137 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) M2-deficient single replication (M2SR) influenza vector SARS-CoV2 Influenza
138 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) Newcastle disease virus vector (NDV-SARS-CoV-2/Spike) SARS-CoV2
139 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) Avian paramyxovirus vector (APMV) SARS-CoV2
140 VVr Viral vector (Replicating) Intranasal Newcastle disease virus vector (rNDV-LS1-FARVET) expressing RBD protein: SARS-CoV2 Multiple candidates
rNDV-LS1-HN-RBD/SARS-CoV-2
Intranasal Newcastle disease virus vector (rNDV-LS1-FARVET) expressing S1 protein:
141 rNDV-LS1-S1-F/SARS-CoV-2 SARS-CoV2 Multiple candidates
VVr Viral vector (Replicating)
142 RNA RNA based vaccine saRNA formulated in a NLC SARS-CoV2
143 RNA RNA based vaccine LNP-encapsulated mRNA encoding S SARS-CoV2
144 RNA RNA based vaccine Self-amplifying RNA SARS-CoV2
145 RNA RNA based vaccine mRNA SARS-CoV2
146 RNA RNA based vaccine LNP-mRNA SARS-CoV2
147 RNA RNA based vaccine LNP-mRNA SARS-CoV2
148 RNA RNA based vaccine LNP-encapsulated mRNA cocktail encoding VLP SARS-CoV2
149 RNA RNA based vaccine LNP-encapsulated mRNA encoding RBD SARS-CoV2
150 RNA RNA based vaccine Replicating Defective SARS-CoV-2 derived RNAs SARS-CoV2
151 RNA RNA based vaccine LNP-encapsulated mRNA SARS-CoV2 MERS
152 RNA RNA based vaccine Liposome-encapsulated mRNA SARS-CoV2
153 RNA RNA based vaccine Several mRNA candidates SARS-CoV2
154 RNA RNA based vaccine mRNA SARS-CoV2
155 RNA RNA based vaccine mRNA SARS-CoV2
156 RNA RNA based vaccine mRNA in an intranasal delivery system SARS-CoV2
157 RNA RNA based vaccine mRNA SARS-CoV2
158 RNA RNA based vaccine mRNA SARS-CoV2
159 RNA RNA based vaccine mRNA SARS-CoV2
160 RNA RNA based vaccine mRNA SARS-CoV2
161 RNA RNA based vaccine mRNA SARS-CoV2
162 RNA RNA based vaccine D614G variant LNP-encapsulated mRNA SARS-CoV2
163 RNA RNA based vaccine Encapsulated mRNA SARS-CoV2
164 RNA RNA based vaccine Recombinant, prefusion stabilized SARS-CoV-2 Spike antigen SARS-CoV2
ZIP1642 is a self-amplifying RNA vaccine encapsulated in an LNP, which encodes for
165 RNA RNA based vaccine multiple antigens, including the Spike (S) protein. SARS-CoV2
166 RNA RNA based vaccine BD-COV-001 B.1.351 antigen encapsulated in polymersomes SARS-CoV2
167 VLP Virus like particle VLP SARS-CoV2
168 VLP Virus like particle Virus-like particle-based Dendritic Cell(DC)-targeting vaccine SARS-CoV2
169 VLP Virus like particle VLP SARS-CoV2
SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, &
170 VLP Virus like particle Enveloped Virus-Like Particle (eVLP) MERS-CoV CMV, GBM, Zika

171 VLP Virus like particle S protein integrated in HIV VLPs SARS-CoV2

172 VLP Virus like particle VLP + Adjuvant SARS-CoV2

173 VLP Virus like particle Virus-like particles, lentivirus and baculovirus vehicles SARS-CoV2
174 VLP Virus like particle Virus-like particle, based on RBD displayed on virus-like particles SARS-CoV2
175 VLP Virus like particle ADDomerTM multiepitope display SARS-CoV2
176 VLP Virus like particle Unknown SARS-CoV2
177 VLP Virus like particle VLP SARS-CoV1, SARS-CoV2
178 VLP Virus like particle eVLP SARS-CoV2 Malaria
179 VLP Virus like particle VLPs peptides/whole virus SARS-CoV2
180 VLP Virus like particle VLPs produced in BEVS SARS-CoV2
181 VLP Virus like particle Plant derived VLP SARS-CoV2
182 VLP Virus like particle Myxoma virus co-expressing S, M, N and E proteins SARS-CoV2
183 VLP Virus like particle Plasmid driven production of virus -Like-Particles (VLPs) containing S, M, N and E SARS-CoV2
proteins of SARS-CoV-2
184 VLP Virus like particle Virus Like Particle with RCB SARS-CoV2
185 Cell Cellular based vaccine Engineered human mesenchymal stem cells transfected with a plasmid expressing S SARS-CoV2
and N-protein
 Tuesday, August 31, 2021
any particular product or entity in any of these landscape documents does
curacy of the information presented in these landscape documents, WHO
y, efficacy, merchantability and/or non-infringement of any information
age or other prejudice of any kind that may arise from or in connection with

ase that can be publicly accessed, it will then appear in the clinical list of the WHO landscape document.

Developers

DIOSynVax Ltd + University of Cambridge

Ege University
Scancell/University of Nottingham/ Nottingham Trent University
Karolinska Institute / Cobra Biologics (OPENCORONA Project)
Chula Vaccine Research Center
Immunomic Therapeutics, Inc./EpiVax, Inc./PharmaJet
National Research Centre, Egypt
BioNet Asia
Mediphage Bioceuticals/University of Waterloo
Entos Pharmaceuticals
Biosun Pharmed
Globe Biotech Limited, Bangladesh
National institute of Chemistry, Slovenia
Vaccibody, Oslo Research Park, Norway
Inserm
Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics of Academy of Science of Republic of
Uzbekistan

Institute Butantan (Brazil) / Dynavax / PATH

KM Biologics
Selcuk University
Osaka University/ BIKEN/ NIBIOHN
Sinovac/Dynavax
Valneva/Dynavax
National Research Centre, Egypt
Milad Pharmaceutics Co.
Zista Kian Azma Co.
Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University / Acıbadem Labmed Health Services A.S.

Indian Immunologicals Ltd/Griffith University

Institut Pasteur Lille, Inserm
ALtraBio, TheRex
ID Pharma
Max Planck Institute for Biochemstry/vir4vac, Germany
Ankara University
Massachusetts Eye and Ear/Massachusetts General Hospital/AveXis
GeoVax/BravoVax
IDIBAPS-Hospital Clinic, Spain
Erciyes University
Greffex
Stabilitech Biopharma Ltd
Valo Therapeutics Ltd
Centro Nacional Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Spain
University of Georgia/University of Iowa
Bharat Biotech/Thomas Jefferson University

National Research Centre, Egypt

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Theravectys – Institut Pasteur
AIOVA
Sorbonne University
University of Helsinki & University of Eastern Finland
Vaxart

Ohio State University / Kazakh National Agrarian University

Kazakh National Agrarian University
Neo7Logic
Kazakh National Agrarian University, Kazakhstan / National Scientific Center
for Especially Dangerous Infections
Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
Farmacológicos Veterinarios SAC (FARVET SAC) / Universidad Peruana
Cayetano Heredia (UPCH)
Mynvax
Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center
Bogazici University
University of Virginia
Helix Biogen Consult, Ogbomoso & Trinity Immonoefficient Laboratory,
Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
National Research Centre, Egypt
University of San Martin and CONICET, Argentina
Chulalongkorn University/GPO, Thailand
AdaptVac (PREVENT-nCoV consortium)
ExpreS2ion
IMV Inc
WRAIR/USAMRIID
National Institute of Infectious Disease, Japan/Shionogi/UMN Pharma
Osaka University/ BIKEN/ National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Japan
Univ. of Pittsburgh
Vaxil Bio
Biological E Ltd
Flow Pharma Inc

AJ Vaccines
Generex/EpiVax
EpiVax/Univ. of Georgia
EpiVax
Heat Biologics/Univ. Of Miami
FBRI SRC VB VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo
Baylor College of Medicine
iBio/CC-Pharming
Saint-Petersburg scientific research institute of vaccines and serums

FSUE SPbSRIVS FMBA of Russia (St. Petersburg Institute of Vaccines)

Innovax/Xiamen Univ./GSK
VIDO-InterVac, University of Saskatchewan
OncoGen
MIGAL Galilee Research Institute
LakePharma, Inc.
Baiya Phytopharm/ Chula Vaccine Research Center
Quadram Institute Biosciences
BiOMViS Srl/Univ. of Trento
Lomonosov Moscow State University
University of Alberta
AnyGo Technology
Yisheng Biopharma
Vabiotech, Vietnam and University of Bristol, UK
Applied Biotechnology Institute, Inc.
Axon Neuroscience SE
MOGAM Institute for Biomedical Research, GC Pharma
Neovii/Tel Aviv University
Intravacc/Epivax
ImmunoPrecise/LiteVax BV
Nanografi Nano Technology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara
University,
Iran
Tampere University
Vaxinano, CEA, INRAE
CEA, CNRS
LinkinVax, VRI, Inserm
Center for Advanced Technologies, Uzbekistan
Arizona State University

Hacettepe University, Turkey

Marmara University, Turkey
Yıldız Technical University, Turkey
Akdeniz University, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Antalya, Turkey
Ataturk University, Vaccine Research Center (Erzurum) and Health Institutes of
Turkey (TUSEB)
Pharmada Pharmaceuticals/TURKEY

CinnaGen Co

Bio Farma + Baylor College Medicine

Oragenics Inc, in cooperation with NRC Canada and Biodextris, Inc

OSE immunotherapeutics

Farmacológicos Veterinarios SAC (FARVET SAC)

KU Leuven
Cadila Healthcare Limited
FBRI SRC VB VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo
DZIF – German Center for Infection Research/CanVirex AG
Tonix Pharma/Southern Research
BiOCAD and IEM

FBRI SRC VB VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz and Instituto Buntantan
University of Hong Kong
IAVI/Merck
University of Manitoba
University of Western Ontario
Aurobindo
FBRI SRC VB VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo
UW–Madison/FluGen/Bharat Biotech
Intravacc/ Wageningen Bioveterinary Research/Utrecht Univ.
The Lancaster University, UK
Farmacológicos Veterinarios SAC (FARVET SAC)

Farmacológicos Veterinarios SAC (FARVET SAC)

Infectious Disease Research Institute/ Amyris, Inc.
Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
Gennova
Selcuk University
Translate Bio/Sanofi Pasteur
CanSino Biologics/Precision NanoSystems
Fudan University/ Shanghai JiaoTong University/RNACure Biopharma
Fudan University/ Shanghai JiaoTong University/RNACure Biopharma
Centro Nacional Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Spain
University of Tokyo/ Daiichi-Sankyo
BIOCAD
RNAimmune, Inc.
FBRI SRC VB VECTOR, Rospotrebnadzor, Koltsovo
China CDC/Tongji University/Stermina
eTheRNA
Greenlight Biosciences
IDIBAPS-Hospital Clinic, Spain
Providence Therapeutics
Cell Tech Pharmed
ReNAP Co.
Globe Biotech Ltd
CEA
Medigen Vaccines Biologics Corp (MVC)/Vaxess Technologies (MIMIX)
Ziphius Vaccines and Ghent University
ACM Biosciences
Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems
University of Manitoba
Bezmialem Vakif University
VBI Vaccines Inc.

IrsiCaixa AIDS Research/IRTA-CReSA/Barcelona Supercomputing

Centre/Grifols
Mahidol University/ The Government Pharmaceutical Organization
(GPO)/Siriraj Hospital
Navarrabiomed, Oncoimmunology group
Saiba GmbH
Imophoron Ltd and Bristol University’s Max Planck Centre
Doherty Institute
OSIVAX
ARTES Biotechnology
Univ. of Sao Paulo
Tampere University
Shiraz University
Arizona State University
Arizona State University
Berna Biotech Pharma
Cell Tech Pharmed