Conceptual framework and Definition of Terms

SCOPE DELIMITAION LIMITATION

> Describe the > Presents the factors > The constraints
coverage of the or variables that are that cannot be
study not to be included avoided
> Specifies what is > Include the > Lack of available
covered timeframe and data
numbers of > Beyond the
participants capacity of the
> Contains those that researcher to address
you would include in
your study
> Defines the potential
weakness of the study

Lesson 1: Conceptual Framework

In research, we follow the concept of concept mapping to be able to plan how our
research will go about with the existing theories and concepts in the research as a
basis. This is where the conceptual and theoretical framework will come in. Let’s
go over these concepts.
An example is presented below.

Memory was described by cognitive psychologist Margaret W. Matlin as

the “process of retaining information over time” (Zimmermann, 2014). With this, it
affects every person’s retention of their past experiences. In the classroom setting
where teachers are having problems on the retention of concepts among students,
Science can help in understanding why students tend to forget what they are
learning. This was explained by psychologist Hermann Ebbinghaus on what he
called as the forgetting curve. In his experiment, he found out that without
connecting the prior knowledge of a person to a concept, the information is quickly
forgotten - that is 56% in one hour, 66% after a day, and 75% after six days
(Terada, 2017). Thus, retaining the learned concepts is very crucial to every student
for this will serve as one of their instruments when they will be working later.

Excerpt from Retention of Basic Science Concepts (2019) by Mildred Pa-ac

What's More
Practice constructing a conceptual framework based on the following texts.
In the context of the study, the sex (Male or Female), strand, track, and the
internal or external factors that may have or may not have an effect to the level of
proficiency of the students in Science are identified. The theories presented in the
research that male perform better as well as those in the academic track perform
better will be tested in the study. The level of the proficiency in Science among the
Grade 11 students will be the one to be looked onto - the outcome affected by the
existing condition. The variables will be taken into consideration by the researcher
by analyzing them. In this manner, the researcher will be able to determine the
level of proficiency of the Grade 11 students on the specified variables of the study
as well as to know the factors affecting it.
Lesson 2: Definition of Terms
The goal of any research is to inform the people. In doing so, the readers
must understand what the research is all about regardless of its topic. This is where
the right language and terms come in.
From the previous activity, were you able to match all the terms correctly?
If yes, that’s great! If not, why is this so? For the terms related to your own strand,
I suppose you did not experience much difficulty in answering the activity but for
the other terms you’ve barely encountered or are new to you, you may have a hard
time looking for its correct definition.
Just imagine reading research and encountering these unfamiliar words,
would you continue reading or will it spark an interest in you? Absolutely not! In
research, we use simpler or common terms. It is the goal of the researcher to let the
readers understand what the research is, not to impress them with highfalutin
words. With specialized words used in various professions, they are still included
in the study but are defined for the understanding of people who are not adept with
such.