Quadratic Formula

Multiplication and Division of Fractions

The roots of the quadratic equation
a c ac
= ax 2 + bx + c = 0
b d bd can be given as
a c ad
= b b 2 4ac
b d bc x=
2a
Applications of Equations Rules for Inequalities:
Fixed cost is the sum of all costs that are independent 1. If a < b, then a + c < b + c and a c <
of the level of production. b c.
Variable cost is the sum of all costs that are 2. If a < b and c > 0, then ac < bc
dependent on the level of output. and a/c < b/c.
Total cost = variable cost + fixed cost 3. If a < b and c < 0, then a(c) > b(c) and
Total revenue = (price per unit) x (number of units a/c > b/c.
sold) 4. If a < b and a = c, then c < b.
Profit = o al e en e o al co 5. If 0 < a < b or a < b < 0, then 1/a >
The absolute value of a real number x, written |x|, is defined 1/b.
by 6. If 0 < a < b and n > 0, then an < bn.
n n
x, if x 0 If 0 < a < b, then a b.
x=
x, if x 0

SUMMATION RULES
n
n(n + 1)
i=
i =1 2
n 2
n(n + 1)(2n + 1)
i =
i =1 6
n n n
(a i + bi ) = ai + bi SEQUENCES RULES
𝑏𝑘 𝑘−1 𝑑+𝑎
i =1 i =1 i =1
n n 𝑐𝑘 𝑎𝑟 𝑘−1
cai = c ai 𝑛
i =1 i =1 𝑛
𝑛 𝑏𝑘 𝑛 − 1 𝑑 + 2𝑎
2
𝑘=1
𝑐 𝑐𝑛 𝑛
𝑎 1 − 𝑟𝑘
𝑘=1 𝑐𝑘
1−𝑟
𝑘=1