Research Proposal

Title and Introduction:

Title

The impact of green procurement on the environment in fastmoving consumable

goods sector of Pakistan.

Introduction

The choice of the topic is based on personal experience on the fast-moving

consumable goods in Pakistan. Living in a country gives you the opportunity to think
on how to manage and implement good procurement practices that does not have a
negative impact on the environment of that country, which in this study is Pakistan.
Green procurement or also called sustainable procurement is the environmentally
friendly version of procurement. Taking this topic will be relevant in this field of study
and will enhance the knowledge on different practices for green procurement that
can be used in different companies to transform the entire supply chain management
procedure in a way which is moreenvironmentally friendly.
The gain of this research topic will be the implementation of new strategies in the
third world countries, beyond their lack of infrastructure, management concepts and
environmental awareness.

Supervisor Comments

Mark out of /10

Literature Scope:

Different authors have given different definitions of the concept of procurement.

Harland (2018) defines procurement process as the coordination of the business
exercises and overseeing business connections inside and outside the organization
that incorporate the suppliers and the client to make a coordinated framework inside
the value chain. On the other hand, Scott and Westbrook (2016) characterized
procurement as the integrator of different components inside the business
environment that run from obtaining of crude materials, handling and last
conveyance of the item to the client.

The idea of green supply chain management is at introductory stage. Appropriation of

any idea at beginning period ordinarily requires higher speculations, which prompts
expanded operational cost of the firms. In any case, delayed examines have set up a
positive and notable connection amongst green supply chain management and firm
performance (Walton, 2017).

Over the past years there has been a repetition of occasions, for example, the energy
crisis and winning consumerist conduct which energizes appeal particularly for crude
materials by people and associations. This has prompted reduction in sources of
crude materials and thus the attention has been on protection and utilization of
reused materials. Green procurement is an all-encompassing methodology on the
envelops association, individuals, procedures and innovation. It is otherwise called
the reasonable procurement, and a few organizations understood quite a while
productivity in energy use, squander age and water utilization alongside utilization of
reused materials brought about lessening costs (Victor and John, 2019).

Martha and Houston (2010) demonstrated that the goal of green procurement is to
remove waste, and procurement capacity will concentrate on an incentive by thinking
about the all-out expense during the time spent evacuating waste. Zhu (2019) noticed
that green procurement is the dedication by all specialty units in the organization to
reduce the utilization of overabundance materials to limit cost, securing the assets
and to upgrade the corporate picture of the association.

Lately, intense financial development in Asian rising economies is the reason of these
massive environmental issues. This is now turning into a worldwide issue.
Western companies are moving their assembling units and to different Asian
countries to take advantage of lower material and labour cost. According to rising
economies record, China, India, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia, South Korea and
Thailand need to build up their supply chain rehearses in all angles (Lai, 2019).

As indicated by Otokiti and Awodun (2017) associations are giving more consideration
to their environment due to the complexity, turbulence and rapid changes and hence
formulating and implementing policies and strategies that that will upgrade their
endurance and development.

Reverse Logistics has increased more significance as of late as it is known to lessen

operational cost by reusing items. Likewise, by executing productive reverse logistics
techniques organizations can acquire trust of their clients which result in more
business with both social and prudent advantages. Expanding proficiency in reverse
logistics procedures, for example, the retrieval of the returned items or transfer of
end of life items is one manner by which producing firms endeavour to keep up and
increment aggressiveness and piece of the overall industry. Organizations have bit by
bit incorporated the retrogressive stream inside their extent of logistics arranging and
control, to build their productivity and viability. Effective management of Reverse
Logistics prompts better customer advantage and, in this manner, higher customer
loyalty. The more customer loyalty the business has the more business can get and
thus a couple of companies are using reverse logistics as an essential part of their
business and they began to understand that turn around coordination is an earnings
opportunity (Jayant, 2017).

Past necessities that procurement divisions have generally been advancing reliably,
for example, the regard of work conditions and non-detachment, new issues ascend
about fortifying natural prerequisites towards providers. Green Procurement
connects better consistence with existing checks, change of brand picture for
customers and better arranging by non-budgetary documentation affiliations Buyers
will ideally pick providers with ensured shapes ISO 14001 for example, To cause a to
adjust in green verifying affiliations will engage providers who have a low unpleasant
material utilization, controlled discharges and corrupting levels and foul material
after. Other than they will in general select things produced using an expansive level
of reused and recyclable materials and stepped by reliable eco-names (Loebich and
Donval, 2018).

Kumar and Chandrakar (2016) sees that best organization backing can affect new
framework practices achievement. Cross-utilitarian endeavours like GSCM are
apparently going to profit too. Like most other genuine standard endeavours, GSCM
is a wide based unavoidable real try with cross-utilitarian endeavours. Everything
thought of it as, can profit by top organization support. It isn't simply best level heads
from whom backing is required; fortify from mid-level boss is in addition essential to
beneficial execution of regular practices. Backing from centre organization levels is
essential considering how natural organization is identified with all divisions in a
connection, and cross-departmental facilitated exertion is fundamental to ground-
breaking rehearses. Solid correspondence between business executives and
trademark pros with organization strengthen is additionally major for productive
organization of both business and natural issues.

Globalization Theory

As per Medu, (2018), increment in environmental worry by associations has gradually

become some portion of the general corporate culture and thusly, has served to re-
engineer the methodologies of organizations. Sarki and Tamarkin (2016) saw that
environmental performance originates from globalization instead of restriction.
Because of Globalization there has been a road for more chances as are the dangers.
Global organizations are crossing fringes and setting up backups henceforth
compromising nearby organizations through immense capital ventures, present day
advances, and the ability to deliver products at serious rates. This had squeezed most
undertakings to improve their environmental performance.

Supervisor Comments

Mark out of /40

Methodology:

To be able to achieve a critical and convenient answer to the research question, there
are factors that must be considered. The use of Saunders research onion is the most
adequate tool to frame the research, Saunders onion is a tool that consider research
philosophy, approaches, strategies, and procedures. Each layout of the Saunders
research onion has an objective to narrow the research into a specific focus.

The research approach will be deductive because it will be based on mono method.
Mono method is the use of either qualitative research or quantitative research. This
case the topic will be more as quantitative. The quantitative research will be inclined
as to online survey, where they will focus will be to gather information from the fast-
moving consumable goods management teams based in Pakistan. The deductive
research approach is the most adequate to this topic because the data will be
gathered in order to show the usability of green procurement in a specific sector and
area. The online survey will target the operations, logistics, inventory, and
procurement department in fast moving consumable goods companies in Pakistan.
After gathering the information from the survey, focus will be on finding the patterns
between the existent procurement management theories, and how FMCG
organisations can implement this hypothesis. The hypothesis shows that green
procurement can be and should be implemented in FMCGs in Pakistan. This deductive
research approach will relate the primary data collected in the survey to a theory that
will be proved in this thesis that should conclude the impact of green procurement
practices on environmental performance in fast moving consumable goods sector of
Pakistan.

Supervisor Comments

Mark out of /15

Data:

In this study the data will be collected online from different companies in the fast-
moving consumable goods sector operating in the capital of Pakistan and sum of its
surrounding areas. The FMCG sector in Pakistan includes Unclever Pakistan, Nestle
Pakistan, Engro foods, and Coca-Cola. The demographics include both males and
females. Data will be collected through random sampling technique, which is type of
non-probability sampling technique. Random sampling technique will be used
because data will be randomly collected from employees in FMCG sector. It will be
made sure that no confidential data is collected from any of the company in the
sampling list. The online survey is the tool that will be used to gather data due to the
wide reach of it. The survey will be used the closed ended questions, to narrow the
research scope into FMCG in Pakistan.
The research will be under the Coventry university ethics rules, all the information
that will appear on the dissertation will be taken from reliable journal articles located
on the Coventry university data base. The survey will be as a quantitative data stored in
the Bristol

Supervisor Comments

Mark out of /20

Discussion:

The research will be planned and structured using the following objectives and
guidelines:
 To critically analyse existing literature related to procurement management.
 To analyse the effect of green procurement practices on environmental
performance of FMCG sector in Pakistan.
 To investigate current environmental situation of procurement in Pakistan.
 To determine the relationship between green procurement practices and
environmental performance of FMCG sector in Pakistan.
 To suggest measures to enhance environmental performance through green
supply chain practices.
The objectives will be the frame to the research topic, that will refer to each objective
on a separate part of my report. The theoretical part that will be implemented in each
objective will be based on journals, books that will provide answers and explanations
to the research questions. Poor environmental performance by a supplier can affect
badly the performance and image of the buying companies. The major issue that has
been discovered is to identify which elements of green procurement practices have
an influence on environmental performance of FMCG sector and keeping those
elements in spotlight can direct the administrators towards success by facing and
tackling risks in supply chain management.
The research question is specific and narrowed to a certain industry sector, to give to
dissertation a long-term objective that will make the research topic more helpful.

Supervisor Comments

Mark out of /10

 References and Bibliography:

 Colicchia,C. and Melacini, M. and Perotti, S. (2019). Benchmarking supply chain

sustainability: insights from a field study. Benchmarking: An International Journal
18 (5), 705-732.
 Francoise, C., Tachizawa, EM. (2018) Extending sustainability to suppliers: a
systematic literature review. Supply Chain Management International Journal, 17,
531–543.
 Harland, K.W., Claudia, K. (2018). Environmental management policies, in Sarkis,
(Eds), Green Manufacturing and Operations: from Design to Delivery and Back,
Greenleaf Publishing, Sheffield, 192-204.
 Jayant, K. Zelbst, P. Meacham, J. and Bhadauria, V. (2017). Green supply chain
management practices: impact on performance Supply Chain Management: An
International Journal, 17(3), 290–305.
 Jerry, J.N. (2018). Green procurement in public sector a case of parastatals in
Kenya. Unpublished MBA project UON.
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chain: the impact on plant-level environmental investment. Production and
Operations Management, 12(3), 336-353.
 Koplin, J., Seuring, S. and Mesterharm, M. (2017), "Incorporating sustainability into
supply management in the automotive industry – the case of the Volkswagen AG",
Journal of Cleaner Production, 15 (2), 1053-1062.
 Kumar, R. and Chandrakar, R. (2016). Overview of Green Supply Chain
Management: Operation and Environmental Impact at Different Stages of the
Supply Chain. International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 1(3),
2249 – 8958.
 Lin, R-J., Chen, R-H.and Nguyen, T-H. (2019). Green supply chain management
performance in automobile manufacturing industry under uncertainty”, Procedia-
Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2 (5), 233-245.
 Loebich, Y. and Donval, Y. (2018). Green Supply Chain: from awareness to
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 Martha Turner, Pat Houston (2010). Purchasing: The key to successful green
strategy, China Logistics & Purchasing, 7:20-22.
 Medu, H. & Galle, W. (2018). Green purchasing strategies: trends and implications.
International Journal of Purchasing and Materials Management, 4, 10-17.
 Nyiri, F. & Ngugi, G. K. (2017). Determinants of adoption of green procurement in
the public sector: a case study of Kenya Pipeline Company. International Journal of
Social Sciences and Entrepreneurship, 1 (11), 351-372.
 Sarki, C. R., Tamarkin L. M. & Kathryn, L. M., (2016). Environmental Purchasing:
Benchmarking Our German Counterparts. International Journal of Purchasing and
Materials Management, 3 (4), 28-38.
 Scans, D.F. & Power, D.J. (2018). Use the supply relationship to develop lean and
green suppliers; supply chain management. An International Journal, 10(1), 60-68.
 Scott J., Brook Q., Lai K.H. (2017), “An organizational theoretic review of green
supply chain management literature”, International Journal of Production
Economics, Vol. 130, No.1, pp. 1-15.
 Sigala, M. (2018), "A supply chain management approach for investigating the role
of tour operators on sustainable tourism: the case of TUI", Journal of Cleaner
Production, 15 (4), 1589-1599.
 Victor, L., John., (2019). Addressing sustainable development through public
procurement: the case of local government. Supply Chain Management, 14(3),
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 Walton, Z. and Pagell, M. (2017). “Balancing priorities: Decision-making in
sustainable supply chain management”, Journal of Operations Management, 2 (6),
577-590.
 Zhu, Qinghua, Geng, Yong. (2019). Study on factors of green supply chain
management among chinese manufacturers. Chinese Journal of Management
Science, 12(3), 81-85.
 Zsidisin, G.A. & Hendrick, S.P. (2017). Environmental purchasing: a framework for
theory development, Eur. J. Purchasing Supply Management, 7, 61-73.

Supervisor Comments

Mark out of /5