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Roundworm Infection
Other Names: Ascaridiosis, Ascarid Infection
The large roundworm, Ascaridia galli is the most common intestinal parasite found in backyard and free range chicken
flocks worldwide. It is a yellowish white, thick worm which can grow up to 115 mm (4.5 inches) in length. It lives freely
inside the chicken's small intestine. There, it reproduces and lays eggs, which are passed out of the chicken in their
feces. Occasionally, adult worms will migrate into other parts of the chicken's body, such as the cloaca, oviduct, body
cavity, esophagus, crop, or gizzard. When in the oviduct, they can sometimes get trapped inside a newly formed egg.
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Since A. galli eggs are very resistant, they can survive outside in the soil for extended periods of time. In deep litter
systems, A. galli eggs can remain infective for years. Under optimum conditions of temperature and moisture (which is
25° C (77°F)), A. galli eggs can survive in the environment for up to 8 months (160 weeks), and become infective after
passing through feces in 1-28 days. 2 to 3% of A. galli eggs remained viable and infective for up to 2 yr in the pasture.
A. galli eggs can hatch anywhere between 17.5°C (63.5° F) to 34°C (93.2°F).
Name Summary
Albendazole Albendazole is a benzimidazole anthelmintic which is used off-label in G Damerow
(Valbazen) poultry. The drug is given to each bird orally. Measure out ¼ mL (per bantam)
(/drugs/albendazole) or ½ mL (per regular-sized breed). Repeat in 2 weeks.
Safe-guard AquaSol Added to the drinking water at a daily dose of 1 mg/kg BW (0.454 mg/lb) for 5 Per
for Chickens consecutive days. Each mL of Safe-Guard AquaSol contains 200 mg of Manufacturer
fenbendazole. instructions.
Safeguard 10% Fenbendazole (/drugs/fenbendazole) is used off-label in poultry. Add to the G Damerow
Liquid Dewormer for flock's drinking water source at a rate of 3 mL per gallon of water for 3 days.
Goats Repeat in 10 days.
Panacur or Safeguard Fenbendazole (/drugs/fenbendazole) is used off-label in poultry. Given G Damerow
Equine Dewormer 25 individually to each chicken orally, squeezed out in a pea-size portion and
g Paste 10% placed inside their mouth. Repeat in 10 days.
(1% Ivermectin) Ivermectin (/drugs/ivermectin) is used off-label in poultry. The drug is given G Damerow
Injectable for Cattle to each chicken orally or added to the flock’s water source.
and Swine
If given by mouth - 0.25 mL per large size, 0.1 mL per bantam size.
If added to flock water source- 4 mL per gallon of water. Made fresh daily for
two consecutive days.
Pour-on for Cattle Ivermectin (/drugs/ivermectin) is used off-label in poultry. Should not be G Damerow
and Swine (5 mg/mL given internally to the bird. Should be used only externally.
Ivermectin)
Apply to each chicken topically - Use an eye dropper to apply to the skin at the
back of the bird’s neck. Bantam size birds should get 3 drops, normal-sized 4-
5 drops, and large breeds 6 drops. Repeat in 2 weeks.
Levamisole Soluble Levamisole (/drugs/levamisole) is used off label in poultry. It's added to the G Damerow
Drench Powder flock’s water source.
(46.8g)
Note- Chickens who are severely debilitated should not receive this
medication, because it will impact their ability to fight infections.
Add to the flock’s drinking water source - at a rate of 10 mL per gallon of water
for only 1 day.
Piperazine (Wazine) Piperazine is the only FDA approved dewormer for use in laying hens in the G Damerow
(/drugs/piperazine) United States. It is only effective against the adult large roundworm, not the
eggs. It can be given orally by mouth in each bird, or added to the flock’s water
source.
If given by mouth - 50 mg/bird (if younger than 6 weeks of age), otherwise 100
mg/bird (if older than 6 weeks of age), or according to the manufacturer label.
Repeat in 7-10 days.
Name Summary
Citrus peel ethanolic Given as a feed additive at a rate of 600-1200 mg/kg for 14 days A
extract Abdelqader
et al., 2012
Garlic (Allicin) 2.5 mg/bird F Velkers et
(/supplement/garlic- Drinking water - 1.5 mg/L of water daily for 5 days al., 2011
powder)
Turmeric (Curcuma 200-600 mg/kg Alrubaie Al,
longa) 2015
Papaya (Carica 20 ml/kg feed; 1 mg per chicken for 5 days Feroza et al.,
papaya) seed extract 2017;
Dakpogan et
al., 2017
Papaya (Carica 6 g/kg body weight; 300 mg/day per bird Ozaraga et
papaya) seed al., 2017;
powder Ameen et al.,
2012
Diatomaceous earth Added as 2% of overall diet D Bennett; R
Isabirye et
al., 2019
Pumpkin seeds 1 g/kg BW T Feitosa et
al., 2013
Support
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Prevention
()Maintaining good sanitary practices; since the eggs take 10 to 12 days to become infective once shed in
droppings, if the droppings are removed then it reduces the chances birds accidentally consume them.
()Occasionally providing apple cider vinegar in drinking water (20ml/L of water), however only should be used in
non-galvanized drinkers.
()If the birds are confined to a pen outside, rotate access to different areas regularly (once a weed) to minimize
build up of worm populations
()Discourage birds from eating off of the ground - Elevate feeder and waterer to discourage fecal contamination
and clean and disinfect equipment daily.
()Segregate birds by age groups, with particular care applied to sanitation of young birds
()Chickens should receive a diet which includes supplementation with vitamin A and B complex vitamins. Lack of
these vitamins makes the birds more susceptible to worm infections
()Conduct routine fecal tests
Scientific References
1Maurer, V et al.. Ascarid eggs disappear faster from gravel and wood chips than from soil
(https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32812785/) British poultry science, 1-7 (2020)
2Bari, Md Saiful, et al. Effects of outdoor ranging on external and internal health parameters for hens from
different rearing enrichments (https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8720) PeerJ 8 (2020)
3Stehr, Manuel, et al.. Resistance and tolerance to mixed nematode infections in relation to performance level
in laying hens (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2019.108925) Veterinary parasitology 275 (2019)
4Torres, A. C. D., et al. An Outbreak of Intestinal Obstruction by Ascaridia Galli in Broilers in Minas Gerais
(https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1072 ) Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science 21.4 (2019)
5Thapa, Sundar, et al. Effect of the nematophagous fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia on soil content of
ascarid eggs and infection levels in exposed hens (https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-2898-1) Parasites &
vectors 11.1 (2018)
6UC Davis Veterinary Medicine CAHFS. Poultry Case Diagnostics
(http://www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu/cahfs/local_resources/cahfs_connection/2017/CAHFS_Connection_201704.pdf)
CAHFS Connection (2017)
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11/9/21, 3:22 PM Roundworm infection in Chickens
7Tarbiat B, Jansson DS, Tydén E, Höglund J.. Comparison between anthelmintic treatment strategies against
Ascaridia galli in commercial laying hens. (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27514895) Vet Parasitol.
(2016)
8Hinrichsen LK, Labouriau R, Engberg RM, Knierim U, Sørensen JT.. Helminth infection is associated with hen
mortality in Danish organic egg production. (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27436011) Vet Rec. (2016)
9Rahimian, Shayan, Matthias Gauly, and Gürbüz Daş.. Embryonation ability of Ascaridia galli eggs isolated from
worm uteri or host faeces (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.10.026) Veterinary parasitology 215 (2016)
10Tarbiat B, Jansson DS, Moreno L, Lanusse C, Nylund M, Tydén E, Höglund J.. The efficacy of flubendazole
against different developmental stages of the poultry roundworm Ascaridia galli in laying hens.
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26872930) Vet Parasitol (2016)
11Hafiz AB, Muhammad AR, Muhammad AA, Imran AK, Abdul A, Zahid M, Shaukat HM.. Prevalence of Ascaridia
galli in white leghorn layers and Fayoumi-Rhode Island red crossbred flock at government poultry farm Dina,
Punjab, Pakistan. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25801250) Trop Biomed. (2015)
12Wongrak K, Daş G, von Borstel UK, Gauly M.. Genetic variation for worm burdens in laying hens naturally
infected with gastro-intestinal nematodes (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25486507) British Poultry
Science (2015)
13Ayaz M, Junaid M, Subhan F, Ullah F, Sadiq A, Ahmad S, Imran M, Kamal Z, Hussain S, Shah SM.. Heavy metals
analysis, phytochemical, phytotoxic and anthelmintic investigations of crude methanolic extract, subsequent
fractions and crude saponins from Polygonum hydropiper L.
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25472835) BMC Complement Alternate Medicine (2014)
14Pleidrup A J, Norup LR, Dalgaard TS, Kaiser P, Permin A, Schou TW, Vadekær DF, Jungersen G, Sørensen P, Juul-
Madsen HR.. Cytokine gene expression profiles in chicken spleen and intestinal tissues during Ascaridia galli
infection. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25468030) Veterinary Parasitology (2014)
15Katakam KK, Mejer H, Dalsgaard A, Kyvsgaard NC, Thamsborg SM. Survival of Ascaris suum and Ascaridia galli
eggs in liquid manure at different ammonia concentrations and temperatures.
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24893691) Veterinary Parasitology (2014)
16Ferdushy T, Schou TW, Norup LR, Dalgaard TS, Thamsborg SM, Nejsum P, Permin A, Juul-Madsen HR,
Kyvsgaard NC.. Acquisition of resistance after continuous infection with Ascaridia galli in chickens.
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25003836) Parasitology (2014)
17Wongrak K, Daş G, Moors E, Sohnrey B, Gauly M.. Establishment of gastro-intestinal helminth infections in
free-range chickens: a longitudinal on farm study. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25080825) Berl
Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr (2014)
18Daş G, Gauly M.. Response to Ascaridia galli infection in growing chickens in relation to their body weight.
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24585156) Parasitology Research (2014)
19Tomza-Marciniak A, Pilarczyk B, Tobiańska B, Tarasewicz N.. Gastrointestinal parasites of free-range chickens
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25706430) Ann Parasitol. (2014)
20Pleidrup J, Dalgaard TS, Norup LR, Permin A, Schou TW, Skovgaard K, Vadekær DF, Jungersen G, Sørensen P,
Juul-Madsen HR.. Ascaridia galli infection influences the development of both humoral and cell-mediated
immunity after Newcastle Disease vaccination in chickens. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24269617)
Vaccine (2014)
21Dänicke S, Beineke A, Rautenschlein S, Valenta H, Kersten S, Gauly M.. Ascaridia galli infection affects pullets
differently when feed is contaminated with the Fusarium toxin deoxynivalenol (DON).
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24113465) Veterinary Parasitology (2013)
22S Stinson, A Mete Popular Backyard Flock program reduces biosecurity risks of amateur production.
California Agriculture (2013)
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11/9/21, 3:22 PM Roundworm infection in Chickens
23Bazh EK, El-Bahy NM.. In vitro and in vivo screening of anthelmintic activity of ginger and curcumin on
Ascaridia galli. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24046262) Parasitology Research (2013)
24Ferdushy T, Luna-Olivares LA, Nejsum P, Roepstorff AK, Thamsborg SM, Kyvsgaard NC.. Population dynamics
of Ascaridia galli following single infection in young chickens.
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23673198) Parasitology (2013)
25Ahmad, Javid, Syed Tanveer, and Bilal A. Zargar In vitro anthelmintic activity of Mentha longifolia (L.) leaves
against Ascaridia galli.. Global Veterinarian 11.1 (2013)
26Yazwinski, T. A., et al.. Observations of benzimidazole efficacies against Ascaridia dissimilis, Ascaridia galli,
and Heterakis gallinarum in naturally infected poultry (https://doi.org/10.3382/japr.2012-00606) Journal of
Applied Poultry Research 22.1 (2013)
27Andersen JP, Norup LR, Dalgaard TS, Rothwell L, Kaiser P, Permin A, Schou TW, Fink DR, Jungersen G,
Sørensen P, Juul-Madsen HR. No protection in chickens immunized by the oral or intra-muscular immunization
route with Ascaridia galli soluble antigen. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23718808) Avian Pathology
(2013)
28Sherwin CM, Nasr MA, Gale E, Petek M, Stafford K, Turp M, Coles GC.. Prevalence of nematode infection and
faecal egg counts in free-range laying hens: relations to housing and husbandry.
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23444850) British Poultry Science (2013)
29Norup LR, Dalgaard TS, Pleidrup J, Permin A, Schou TW, Jungersen G, Fink DR, Juul-Madsen HR.. Comparison
of parasite-specific immunoglobulin levels in two chicken lines during sustained infection with Ascaridia galli.
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22981407) Veterinary Parasitology (2013)
30Ferdushy T, Nejsum P, Roepstorff A, Thamsborg SM, Kyvsgaard NC.. Ascaridia galli in chickens: intestinal
localization and comparison of methods to isolate the larvae within the first week of infection.
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22915270) Parasitology Research (2012)
31Abdelqader A, Qarallah B, Al-Ramamneh D, Daş G.. Anthelmintic effects of citrus peels ethanolic extracts
against Ascaridia galli. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22463876) Veterinary Parasitology (2012)
32Radfar MH, Khedri J, Adinehbeigi K, Nabavi R, Rahmani K.. Prevalence of parasites and associated risk factors
in domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) and free-range backyard chickens of Sistan region, east of Iran.
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24082532) Journal of Parasite Diseases (2012)
33Höglund J, Morrison DA, Engström A, Nejsum P, Jansson DS.. Population genetic structure of Ascaridia galli
re-emerging in non-caged laying hens. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22607623) Parasites and Vectors
Journal (2012)
34Hussen H, Chaka H, Deneke Y, Bitew M.. Gastrointestinal helminths are highly prevalent in scavenging
chickens of selected districts of Eastern Shewa zone, Ethiopia.
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24175425) Pakistan Journal of Biological Science (2012)
35Squires S, Fisher M, Gladstone O, Rogerson S, Martin P, Martin S, Lester H, Sygall R, Underwood N..
Comparative efficacy of flubendazole and a commercially available herbal wormer against natural infections
of Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum and intestinal Capillaria spp. in chickens
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22024017) Veterinary Parasitology (2012)
36Katoch R, Yadav A, Godara R, Khajuria JK, Borkataki S, Sodhi SS.. Prevalence and impact of gastrointestinal
helminths on body weight gain in backyard chickens in subtropical and humid zone of Jammu, India.
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23543701) Journal of Parasite Diseases (2012)
37Ali N, Ali Shah SW, Shah I, Ahmed G, Ghias M, Khan I, Ali W.. Anthelmintic and relaxant activities of
Verbascum Thapsus Mullein (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22463730) BMC Complement Alternate
Medicine (2012)
www.poultrydvm.com/condition/roundworms 8/13
11/9/21, 3:22 PM Roundworm infection in Chickens
38Daş G, Abel H, Humburg J, Schwarz A, Rautenschlein S, Breves G, Gauly M.. The effects of dietary non-starch
polysaccharides on Ascaridia galli infection in grower layers.
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21939584) Parasitology (2012)
39Höglund J, Jansson DS.. Infection dynamics of Ascaridia galli in non-caged laying hens.
(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21514056) Veterinary Parasitology (2011)
40Braga FR, Araújo JV, Araujo JM, Frassy LN, Tavela AO, Soares FE, Carvalho RO, Queiroz LM, Queiroz JH..
Pochonia chlamydosporia fungal activity in a solid medium and its crude extract against eggs of Ascaridia
galli. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21838959) Journal of Helminthology (2011)
41Robbins KM, Ye W, Fletcher OJ.. Identification of Ascaridia numidae in guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) and
association with elevated mortality. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21500654) Avian Diseases (2011)
42Velkers FC, Dieho K, Pecher FW, Vernooij JC, van Eck JH, Landman WJ.. Efficacy of allicin from garlic against
Ascaridia galli infection in chickens. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21248333) Poultry Science (2011)
43Kilpinen, Ole, et al. Influence of Dermanyssus gallinae and Ascaridia galli infections on behaviour and health
of laying hens (Gallus gallus domesticus) (https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660400023839) British poultry
science 46.1 (2005)
44Piergili Fioretti, Daniela, et al.. Ascaridia galli: A report of erratic migration
(https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2005.310) Italian Journal of Animal Science 4.3 (2005)
45Idi, A., A. Permin, and K. D. Murrell. Host age only partially affects resistance to primary and secondary
infections with Ascaridia galli (Schrank, 1788) in chickens (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.04.006)
Veterinary parasitology 122.3 (2004)
46Reid, W. Malcolm. Effects of temperature on the development of the eggs of Ascaridia galli.
(https://www.jstor.org/stable/3275335 ) The Journal of Parasitology 46.1 (1960)
47Pande, P. G., and D. Krishnamurty. Inter-relationship between hypovitaminosis A and Ascaridia galli
infestation in poultry (https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0380013) Poultry Science 38.1 (1959)
48Todd, A. C., and K. P. Hollingsworth. Host sex as a factor in development of Ascaridia galli
(https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4894(52)90020-9) Experimental parasitology 1.3 (1952)
Good Overviews
1G Butcher, R Miles Intestinal Parasites in Backyard Chicken Flocks. (http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/vm015) University
of Florida Extension (2015)
2R Jacobs, A Hogsette, G Butcher Nematode Parasites of Poultry (and Where to Find Them).
(http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ps012) University of Florida Extension (2015)
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(https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Ascaridia_galli.jpg)
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Age Range
Young chicks less than 12 weeks old are more susceptible. Chickens build a resistance with age.
Risk Factors
Keeping birds confined in one area on a continuous basis without rotating pasture lots.
Feeding birds kitchen scraps
Smaller birds, due to their body weight differences
Unbalanced diet
Use of a deep-litter bedding system
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Etiology
Also Consider
Capillariasis (/condition/capillaria-worms)
Cecal worms (/condition/cecal-worms)
Gastrointestinal obstructions (/condition/gastrointestinal-obstruction)
Tetrameriasis (/condition/tetrameriasis)
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